dxfg\ ;lxb ho/fh e§ -s= ljgo_ sf] ;+lIfKt hLjgL

k|zfGt

æolb ltdL ;+;f/ km]g{ rfxG5f}+ eg] ltdLn] x/]s oftgfsf b:tfj]hx?df x:tfIf/ ug]{ ;fx; ug'{ kb{5, rfx] ltd|f] efudf d[To' lsg gk/f];\ .Æ –dfcf]

æha dflg;n] lglxt :jfy{ / ;+ls0f{tfsf 3]/fx? tf]8]/ wtL{sf ljzfn ax';+Vos hgtfsf] d'lQm / k|ultsf nflu cfkm'nfO{ ;dlk{t ub}{ Tof] dxfg\ cfbz{sf lglDt alnbfg x'g'nfO{ hLjgsf] jf:tljs d"Nojf]w ub{5, ta b'lgofsf s'g} klg tfutn] p;nfO{ x/fpg ;Sb}g .Æ – s= k|r08

kl/ro M

dxfg\ dfG5]x? Oltxf;df ltg} aG5g\ h;n] x/]s sl7gfO{x?sf] ;xhtf k"j{s ;fdgf ub}{, ljhosf] nIodf cfkm\gf ;Dk"0f{ OR5f cfsf“IffnfO{ b]z / b'lgof“sf cfjZostf / OR5f;“u hf]8]/ xf“;L–xf“;L cfkm\gf] d"Nojfg hLjgsf] alnbfgL ug{ ;S5g\ . b]z / b'lgof“ abNg cfkm\gf] cd"No hLjgnfO{ o'4sf] dxfofqfdf cfx'tL ug]{ dxfg\ of]4f dWo] ;lxb s= ho/fh e§ klg Ps x'g'x'G5 . ;fdGtL /fHo;Qfåf/f pTkLl8t / pk]lIft If]q, hftLo, ln+uLo, ;f“:s[lts lje]bsf aLr, dWo o'uLg ;fdGtL aa{/ bdg, bf; k|yfTds cjz]ifx? -5fkx?_ ;d]t cem}+ gd]l6Psf ;"b"/ klZrdsf] e"ld ePtf klg P]ltxfl;s dxTjsf cfkm\g} df}lnstf, ljz]iftf / ;'Gb/tf /x]sf] ;]tL–dxfsfnLsf] e"lddf /fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o ?kd} jL/tfsf] Oltxf; sf]g]{ dxfg\ k'?ifx?sf] hGd eg] x'“b} cfPsf] 5 . eLdbQ kGtsf] /ftf] /utn] l;+lrt ljb|f]xsf] of] e"lddf ju{o'4sf yk|} xf]gxf/ of]4fx?n] /ut aufO{ qmflGtsf] phf{ ylklbPsf 5g\ . phf{zLn qmflGtsf] of] e"lddf juL{o o'4sf Pp6f s'zn, Aojxfl/s, ax'k|ltefzfnL, st{Aolgi6, OdfGbf/ sd/]8 ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_ sf] klg hGd eof] / oxL e"lddf /ut aUof] klg . hLjg / d[To' b'j}df Pp6f pbfx/0f aGg] ho/fh e§sf] hGd lj=;+= @)@# ;fndf dxfsfnL c~rnsf] lrk'/ uf=lj=;= ^, rf}8L ufp“df, a'jf /fdbQ e§ / cfdf uf]dtL e§sf] sf]vaf6 h]i7 ;'k'qsf] ?kdf ePsf] lyof] . alxgLx? efu/yL / pld{nf ;fy} efOx? vu/fh, pd]z, dx]zsf h]7f] bfh' ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_sf] 3/fo;L afNosfnsf] gfd 8Da//fh e§ lyof] .

afNosfn, :jefj, kfng–kf]if0f M lgDg dWod kl/jf/df hGdg' ePsf ho/fh e§sf] kfng–kf]if0f cfdf–a'jfs} Gofgf] dfof–:g]xd} eof] . h]7f] 5f]/f hlGdPkl5 v'zLsf ;fy a'jf–cfdfn] x'sf{pg yfNg' eof] . afNosfndf ;a}sf] dfof–ddtf aLr x'ls{Psf ho/fh e§sf] :jefj ;fg}b]lv ldng;f/, OdfGbf/, ljZjfl;nf] x'g'sf] ;fy} cfkm'n] yf]/} klg cGofo–cTofrf/sf] dx;'; u/]kl5 t'?Gt ljb|f]x ug]{ ljb|f]xL :jefjsf klg x'g'ePsf] s'/f pxf“s} kfl/jf/Ls dfWodaf6 yfxf x'G5 . lszf]/ cj:yf otf / xfn} pxf“sf] /fhg}lts hLjgofqfsf] qmddf klg ;xofqfsf lbgx?df a'em] cg';f/ ;}4flGts /fhg}lts ?kdf klg b[9tf, ;[hglzntf, kmnfd] cg'zf;g, ;j{xf/fs[t hLjg z}nL, ;f“:s[lts If]qdf klg ljz]if ?rL, ax'd'vL k|ltefzfnL, hglbzfsf] bx|f] cfTd;ftLs/0f ug]{, k|lts[ofjfbL, ;+zf]wgjfbLx? k|lt tLa| 3[0ff / alxis[t efj Pj+ ljrf/ ePsf] ljb|f]xL :jefjsf] x'g'x'GYof] .

lzIfflbIff M lzlIft kl/jf/df hGd ePsf]n] klg lzIff–lbIff k|lt rf;f] x'g', /fd|f] jftfj/0f aGg' pxf“sf] ;f}efUosf] ljifo lyof] . ;fg} pd]/df dl0fn]s lg=df=lj= lrk'/df -ufp“s} :s'n_ egf{ eO{ lg=df=lj= :t/sf] lzIff k'/f u/L ;x;|lnË df=lj= rd8faf6 6]i6 kl/Iff kf; ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . k9fOdf ltI0f lbdfu ePsf ho/fh e§ k9fOsf] lznlznfdf s'g}klg sIffdf c;kmn x'g' ePg .

j}jflxs ;DaGw M @)#( ;fndf gGbf kg]?;“u pxf“sf] ljjfx ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . j}jflxs hLjgkl5 c;fWo} k|]ddf cfwfl/t pxf“x?sf] hLjg ;'vdo g} /xg k'Uof] . pxf“sf xfn b'O{ 5f]/Lx? OGb" / hfgsL e§ 5g\ . b'O{ 5f]/Lx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] cd'No ;DklQ 7fGg] sd/]8 ho/fh e§ 5f]/f–5f]/L Ps} x'g\ eg]/ klxn]b]lv g} jf/Djf/ bf]xf]¥ofp“b} c?nfO{ klg lje]b gug]{ lzIff lb+b} cfpg' ePsf] lyof] .

;fdflhs sfo{x? M ;fdflhs ?9LjfbL cGwljZjf; k|lt tLa| k|xf/ ub}{ ;fdflhs / ;f“:s[lts ?kdf k|ultzLn sfo{df ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_ ;bf cu|k+lQmdf pleg' x'GYof] . cGofo–cTofrf/, 3';vf]/L, t:s/L, e|i6frf/Lx?sf] lj?4 s8fOsf ;fy v'n]/} ;+ul7t ?kdf ljb|f]xsf] g]t[Tj ul//xg' x'GYof] eg] ;+;bLo r'gfj lj/f]wL efjn] pxf“nfO{ /fd|/L 5f]Psf] lyof] . hgtfnfO{ jf/Djf/ e]nf, k|lzIf0f ub}{ hgr]tgf km}nfpg] sfdx? lg/Gt/ ul//xg' ePsf] lyof] . k9fO kZrft pxf“ ln;f sDkgL cQ/Lof / dx]Gb|gu/df sk8f k;ndf ;d]t sfd ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . af6f 3f6f, s'jf–k“w]/f, rf}tf/L agfpg], j[If/f]k0f ug]{ sfo{df ;bf bQlrQ eO{ nflu/xg' ePsf s'/f pxf“n] g]t[Tj ul/ agfPsf ljsf; lgdf{0f sfo{nfO{ ;Demb}+ ufp“n]x? atfpg] u/]sf]af6 klg k|i6 x'G5 . pxf“nfO{ ;dfhk|]dL AolQmTjsf] ?kdf klg dfGg ;lsG5 . @)%) ;fnlt/ pxf“ rt'd'{vL o'jf Snjsf] ufp“ :tl/o ;Nnfxsf/ klg aGg' ePsf] lyof] .

/fhg}lts k|efj tyf hLjg ofqfM ;}4flGts b[9tf, /fhg}lts ;Ifdtf, ;f+u7lgs s'zntf Pjd\ Jojxfl/stfsf wgL s= ho/fh e§ æx'g] lj?jfsf] lrNnf] kftÆ eg] em}+ ;fg} pd]/b]lv ;dfhdf AofKt zf]if0f, bdg, pTkL8gsf lj/4 ;+3if{ ub}{, k'/fgf] ?9Lu|:t ;dfhnfO{ ?kfGt/0f u/]/ Pp6f ;'Gb/, dof{lbt agfpg] sfo{df lg/Gt/ nflu /xg' eof] . k~rfotL sfn/fqL leq zfx j+zLo lg/+s'z zf;gsf] jj{/ pTkL8g–zf]if0faf6 d'Qm x'g ;+ul7t / ljb|f]xsf] k|of; Pj+ ljrf/x? pxf“df lg/Gt/ pln{/Xof] . /fhg}lts ?kdf ;+ul7t aGg] b[9 OR5f zlQm pxf“sf] gf]s/L ub}{ hf“bf -@)$#, g]kfn /f]lhg P08 6k]{G6fOg lnld68, x]Nk/ ePsf] a]nf_ b]lvg} knfof] . t/ klg tTsfn} d[u t[i0ffsf] ?kdf /x]tf klg Tof] OR5f …dfuÚ k'/f x'g ;s]g . @)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntf;“u} cfPsf] ax'bnLo Aoj:yf / To;n] lnPsf] l;ldt k|hftflGqs :jtGqtf;“u} k|:km'l6t ePsf ljrf/x? ;+ul7t ug]{ df}sf eg] ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_n] kfpg' eof] / @)$& lt/} g]=s=kf=-dzfn_ sf o'jf g]tf s= n]v/fh e§;“u pxf“sf] ;Dks{ eof] / pxf“df g]=s=kf=-dzfn_ k|ltsf] /fhg}lts k|efj ulx/f] ?kdf a:of] . To;kl5 pxf“ g]t[Tj txdf /xL sfd ug{ yfNg' eof] . @)$& ;fndf sd/]8 ho/fh e§, g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -Pstf s]Gb|_ 88]nw'/f lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldltsf] ;lrj x'g'eof] . To;sf ;fy} @)$* df g]=s=kf=-Pstf s]Gb|_ sf] Pstf dxflwj]zgdf efu lng'eof] . @)$( ;fndf clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgog dxf;+3sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o x'g'eof] . To;} ;fn pxf“ g]=s=kf=-Pstf s]Gb|_sf] pkIf]lqo Ao'/f] ;b:o klg aGg' eof] . @)%@ ;fnsf] lhNnf kf6L{sf] ;Dd]ngåf/f s~rgk'/ lhNnf kf6L{sf] O~rfh{ lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . @)%% ;fndf ;DkGg kf6L{sf] rf}yf] lj:tfl/t a}7sdf ;xefuL x'g'eof] . @)%^ ;fndf sd/]8 ho/fh e§ IF]qLo Ao'/f] ;b:odf kbf]GgtL x'g'eof] / To;} ;fn kf6L{sf] cfjZostf adf]lhd pxf“ aemfª–afh'/f lhNnfdf ;?jf x'g'eof] . @)%& ;fndf ;DkGg kf6L{sf] P]ltxfl;s /fli6«o ;Dd]ng kl5 bfr'{nf–a}t8L–88]Nw'/f lhNnf ;]qm]6/L / If]qLo Ao'/f] ;b:o aGg' eof] . @)%* ;fndf pxf“ ;f]xL lhNnfs]f O~rfh{ aGg'eof] . ;f]xL ;fn pxf“ aemfª\–afh'/f lhNnfsf] O~rfh{ eP/ gof“ lhDd]jf/L ;lxt gof“ If]qdf kf6L{sf of]hgf lnP/ hfg' eof] .

cleofgdf ;l/sM bL3{sflng hgo'4sf] P]ltxfl;s yfngLsf] tof/Ls} qmddf ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_ æl;h cleofgÆ sf] qmddf /f]Nkf, ?s'd hfg'ePsf] lyof] ;]tL–dxfsfnLaf6 of]ubfg cleofgsf] g]t[Tj ub}{ . kf6L{sf] Pstf dxflwj]zg kZrft k|foM ;a} sfo{qmdx?df ;]d If]qs} k|ltlglwsf] ?kdf ;xefuL agL cleofgstf{ klg alg;Sg'ePsf] lyof] .

36gf k|s[lt / sd/]8 ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_sf] ;xfbt M b]z / b'lgof“ abNg] j}1flgs r]tgf af]s]/ ;j{>]i7 ;'vsf] k|flKtsf] nflu sl7g ofqfdf nfUg] qmddf d[To' slt cfsl:ds x'“bf] /x]5 . dxfg\ /fhg}lts÷kmf}hL p2]Zosf ;fy hgo'4sf] dxf;d/sf] ofqfdf juL{o o'4sf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] 5f]6} cjlwdf ;xfbt x'g'n] /fHo;Qf k|fKtLsf ;kgfx? ck'/f /xg uP . ;fd'lxs hLjg k4ltdf nfu]sf] of] ef}lts zl//, hgtfsf] cf“vfsf] gfgLdf l/n alg/x]sf] hglk|o zl// 9Nbf ;a}sf] lglDt ck'/l0fo Iflt x'ghfG5 . t}klg o'4sf] lgod / k|fs[lts tyf hLj lj1fgsf] ?kdf a'em\g} kb{5 . hLjg / d[To'sf] åGåjfbnfO{ /fd|/L u|x0f ug}{ kb{5 . dxfg\ cfbz{sf lglDt hLjgnfO{ jf:tljs d"Nojf]w ug]{ xf] eg] ef}lts hLjgaf6 k}bf ePsf a}rfl/s lzIffx? v'Nnf k':tssf ?kdf, cd/ gof“ j}1flgs 8fo/Ldf hLljt x'g] ub{5g\ . ho/fh e§ -s=ljgo_n] klg oxL hLjg k|fKt ug'{ePsf] 5– æhLjg / d[To'Æ b'j}df .

If]qe/L / ljz]iftM lhNnfdf klg l6da4 3lge"t cleofg rln/x]sf] a]nf, cleofgs} cGTolt/ æ;ldIffTds sfo{qmdÆ lhNnf kf6L{n] tof/ u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmd :yn s]xL ?kdf v'Ng uPsf] s'/f cGbfh ul/+b} lyof] / b'Zdgn] klg To;} IF]qnfO{ lgzfgf ul/ j}t8L, bfr'{nf, lbkfon, aemfªaf6 7"nf] zlQm s]Gb|Lt ul/ ;r{ cleofg rnfPsf] lyof] . ;r{kl5 b'Zdgsf] rnv]n Aofks ePklg / s]xL kmf];{ Tot} jl/kl/ s]Gb|Lt /x]sf] yfxf gePsf] sf/0f lhNnf kf6L{af6 lhNnf ;]qm]6/L sd/]8 ;'Gb/ -;"o{ k|sfz k'g_ ;lxt cfkm' / ;fydf /ljGb|nfO{ lnP/ tLg hgfsf] 6f]nL af“em uf=h=;= sf] ;}+:o" k'Uof] . xTof/f ;]gf / k'ln;x? rf/}lt/ 5l/P/ /x]s} a]nf vRr8 wkfpg] uf]7fnf;“u} s]xL k/ k'u]kl5 af6f] km/s x'gfn] dfly ufp“df /x]sf] b'Zdg;“u hDsfe]6 eof] / ;]qm]6/L sd/]8 ;'Gb/;“u b'Zdgsf] eL8Gt eof] . axfb'/Lsf ;fy n8\bf n8\b} pxf“ ;xfbt k|fKt ug'{eof] . csf]{lt/ s= ljgon] cfqmd0fdf cfPsf b'Zdgsf lj?4 lu|g]8 rfh{ / lk:tf]nåf/f cfqmd0fsf] k|of; ug'{eof] . ;of}+ xTof/fx?sf] aLrdf PSn}sf] Tof] cfqmd0f k|of;n] s]xL xb;Dd sfd u/]klg rf/}lt/ 3]/fp / eLif0f kmfo/sf aLr cGttM pxf“nfO{ 3fOt] cj:yfdf b'Zdgn] sAhf u/L uf]klgotf v'nfpg x/ k|of; u¥of] t/ sd/]8 ljgoaf6 uf]klgotf v'Ng] s'/} lyPg / pxf“ uh]{/ æP xTof/fx? † cf“6 5 eg] 5ftLdf uf]nL xfg===== d g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] dfG5] x'“Æ egL 7f8} r'gf}tL lbPkl5 ljrf/af6 k/flht ljj]s z'Go aGb'swf/Lx?n] cGttM s~r6, 5ftL, lgwf/df uf]nL xfgL xTof u/] . o;/L kf6L{sf] s'zn, Aojxfl/s, ax'k|ltefzfnL, st{Aolgi7 g]t[Tj sd/]8 ho/fh e§-s=ljgo_ cfkm\gf lk|o ;xof]4f sd/]8 ;"o{ k|sfz k'g -;'Gb/_;“u} kf6L{ / qmflGts} lglDt b'Zdgsf] sAhfdf k/]/ klg cl8u eO{ -em'Sb} gem'sL_ @)%( ;fn h]i7 @# ut] ;xfbt k|fKt u/L ;}kfnsf] lIflthaf6 c:tfpg k'Ug'eof] . oL dxfg\ ;lxb o; wtL{{sf ax';+Vos ;j{xf/f ju{sf] lbn–lbdfudf /lx/xg] cd/ hLjg kfP/ Oltxf;df gfd bh{ u/]sf / v'Nnf k':tssf] ?kdf /x]/ xfdLaf6 ljbf x'g'ePsf] 5 . lzIff / :d/0fsf ct'nlgo dxfg\ ;lxb ho/fh e§ -s= ljgo_ nfn ;nfd †