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g]kfnL ;j{xf/f ju{sf] dxfg / uf}/jzfnL /fhg}lts k|ltlglw, g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] k|ToIf g]t[Tj / kxnsbdLdf cufl8 a9]sf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] dxfg\ hgo'4sf cf7 cf“lwdo jif{sf pknlAwx?sf] ;+Zn]if0f ug]{ k|Zg cfkm}df cToGt u+eL/ lhDd]jf/Lsf] k|Zg xf] . hgo'4sf cf7 jif{sf ;Gbe{df b]zleq / aflx/sf o;sf ldqx?n] dfq xf]Og ckLt' o;sf s§/ b'Zdgx?n] ;d]t :jLsf/ ul//x]sf] Pp6f ;j{dfGo tYo of] aGg k'u]sf] 5 ls g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ cfh @!cf}+ ztfAbLsf] r"gf}tLk"0f{ zlQmsf?kdf ljsl;t ePsf] 5 . b]zsf] *) k|ltzt e"–efu / hg;d'bfodf hgo'4sf] k|efj km}lnPsf] 5 . oxL :jLsf/f]lQmdf cf7 jif{sf hgo'4sf dxfg\ pknlAwx? ;+Zn]lift ePsf] oyfy{nfO{ 7Ls 9+un] a'em\g' dxTjk"0f{ s'/f x'g] 5 .

Oltxf;sf s'g} klg dxfg qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngsf] ljsf;, To;sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ ;xL ljrf/wf/fTds / /fhg}lts sfo{lbzfaf6 cnu x'g} ;Qm}g . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df klg b]zsf] cfly{s, /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs, ;f“:s[lts, P]ltxfl;s / ef}uf]lns ljz]iftfx?sf] oyf;+ej uxg 5fglag kZrft\ kf6L{n] hgo'4sf /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltx?sf] k|f/lDes vfsf k|:t"t u¥of] . df=n]=df=sf ;fj{ef}d l;4fGtx?sf] g]kfnL ljz]iftfdf l;h{gfTds k|of]usf?kdf ljsl;t tL /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltx?k|lt l;+uf] kf6L{k+lQm / lglZrt hg–k+lQmdf;d]t k}bf ePsf] ljZjf; / lgi7fsf cfwf/df @)%@ ;fn kmfNu'0f ! ut] g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df b'/ufdL k|efj kfg]{ P]ltxfl;s kl/36gf dxfg\ hgo'4sf] kxn ul/of] . b]z aflx/sf ;fd|fHojfbL / k|lts[ofjfbLx?sf] s'/f t w]/} k/sf] /x\of], k|f/Dedf cfkm\gf] juL{o ljZj b[li6sf]0fsf] l;dfsfsf/0f b]zleqs} k|lts[ofjfbL / ;+zf]wgjfbLx?n] klg dxfg hgo'4sf kxnsf k5fl8 sfd ul//x]sf] ljrf/ /fhgLlt, kmf}hL /0fgLlt / ;du| of]hgfsf] u+eL/tfnfO{ cToGt xNsf, u}X–lhDd]jf/ 5'b| / Jo+ufTds 9+un] ljZn]if0f ug]{ :jefljs d"v{tf k|bz{g u/] . t/, Oltxf; s;}sf k"jf{u|x, uflnunf}h / bdg cft+ssf cufl8 em'Qm}g a? cfkm\gf] j:t'ut lgod cg';f/ lgd{d 9+un] cufl8 a9\b5 eGg] j}1flgs lgisif{nfO{ cf7 jif{sf cg'ejx?n] ;zQm?kdf k|dfl0ft u/]sf 5g\ . b'Zdgsf /f]ldof], lsnf] z]/f 6" b]lv slyt ;+s6sfn / clxn]sf] xTof cleofg;DdnfO{ lrb}{ / cj;/jfbLx?sf xhf/f}+ ;/fk / uflnunf}hx?nfO{ em'§f ;flat ub}{, hgo'4 cfh ljZj ;fd|fHojfbsf gfOs]x?sfnflu ;d]t Pp6f r'gf}tL ag]/ 6s/fpg k'Ug'n] ToxL lgisif{nfO{ k'li6 ul//x]sf] 5 .

cf7 jif{sf] hgo'4sf pknlAwx? lglZrt?kn] ax'cfoflds /x]sf 5g\ / Pp6f 5f]6f] cGt/jftf{df tL ;a} pknlAwx?sf] AofVof ;+ej 5}g . t} klg ;+lIfKtdf eGg' kbf{ lgDg k|d'v kIfx?nfO{ pNn]v ug{ ;lsG5– k|yd = ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbsf] zf]if0f–pTkL8gdf hsl8Psf], ef8fsf l;kfxL hGdfpg] ul/a, lgl/x / cGhfg dflgPsf] g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] slyt kl/efiffnfO{ dxfg hgo'4df k|blz{t hgtfsf] Tofu, tk:of, jL/tf, alnbfg / ljb|f]xsf] x'“sf/åf/f k'/} ablnlbPsf] 5 . cfh g]kfnsf] kl/efiff ljZjs} ;jf{lws j}1flgs / qmflGtsf/L r]tgfåf/f @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf qmflGtsf] cu|0fL ag]/ ;fd|fHojfbL ljZj Joj:yfsf lj?4 hgtfsf] gof+ ljZj Joj:yfsf] Hof]tL afNg] b]zsf?kdf :yflkt aGg uPsf] 5 . kl/efiffdf cfPsf] of] km]/abn g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] Pp6f dxfg uf}/j / pknlAwsf?kdf Oltxf;df c+lst x'g k'u]sf] 5 . låtLo, ljrf/wf/fTds?kdf df=n]=df=sf] l;h{gfTds k|of]usf qmddf ljsl;t ljlzi6 ljrf/ >[+vnf k|r08–ky / k|:tfljt …@!cf}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;Ú;Dd cfOk'Ubf qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ / k|ltqmflGt /f]Sg] gjLg ljrf/åf/f ljZj qmflGtnfO{ ;]jf ug]{ gof+ cfofd k|:t"t eO/x]sf] 5 . ljrf/sf] If]qdf eO/x]sf] of] ljsf; dxfg hgo'4sf] csf]{ P]ltxfl;s pknlAw xf] . t[tLo, cf7 jif{sf] hgo'4n] ufp3/af6 ;fdGtL zf]if0f–pTkL8g, hftkft, 5'jf5't, ?9L, cGwljZjf; h:tf ;fdGtL ;+:sf/, ;fdGtL lkt[ ;Qfjfbåf/f dlxnfdfly x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf cTofrf/, hftLo / If]qLo pTkL8gsf h/fx?nfO{ pvn]/ dxfg qmflGtsf/L ?kfGt/0fsf] k|ls|ofnfO{ lta| ultdf cufl8 a9fOlbPsf] 5 . ljb|f]xsf] clwsf/nfO{ k|of]u ub}{ j}1flgs r]tgf;lxt cfkm\gf] efUo / eljiosf] km}znf cfkm} ug]{ cleofgn] g]kfnL hgtfdf ce"tk"j{ kxnsbdLsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . rt"y{, cf7 jif{sf] hgo'4n] ;fdGtL /fhf–dxf/fhf / p;sf e/f}6] ;]gf, k'ln;nfO{ æck/fhoÆ, æb}jL zlQmÆ 7fGg] bf;Tjk"0f{ lrGtg–;+:sf/df hah{:t qmflGt NofO{ lbPsf] 5 . cfh ;du| u|fld0f Onfsfsf cfd g]kfnL hgtfn] ;fdGtL /fhf–dxf/fhf elgg]x?nfO{ b]zsf ;a} eGbf 7"nf 7u, tis/, zf]ifs, n"6]/f / xTof/fsf?kdf plrt 3[0ff ub{5g\ / pgLx?sf] cGt gx'+bf;Dd cfkm\gf] jf:tljs d'lQm gx'g] s'/fnfO{ /fd|f];+u a'em]sf 5g\ . oxL gjLg a'emfOs} kl/0ffd ;fdGtL e/f}6]x?sf lj?4 n8\g / cfkm\g} ;]gf lgdf{0f ug{ hgtf cfh Jofks?kn] nfda4 eO/x]sf 5g\ . kf“rf}, hgo'4n] /fHo;Qf s] xf], o;nfO{ s;/L k|fKt ul/G5 / hgtfsf] lxtdf s;/L k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] s'/fnfO{ cfd jx;sf] ljifodfq geP/ hLjgsf] k|ToIf ;/f]sf/sf] ljifo agfO lbPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ;jf{lws kl5 kf/]sf] hg;d'bfosf] ckx]lnt lx:;f;d]tnfO{ hgo'4n] gof+ cfTdljZjf;, gof+ cfTd ;Ddfg / gof+ dfgjsf] cg'e"t u/fPsf] 5 .

b]zsf] ljBdfg /fhg}lts l:yltnfO{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;+s|d0fsfnLg / ;+j]bgzLn dfGb} cfPsf] 5, d"t{?kdf o;sf] k[i7e"ld / clxn]sf] kl/l:yltnfO{ s;/L d"Nof+sg ul//xg' ePsf] 5 < s[kof :ki6 ul/lbg' x'GYof] ls <

xfd|f] kf6L{n] b]zsf] cfhsf] /fhg}lts l:yltnfO{ ;+s|d0fsfnLg / ;+j]bgzLn eGg'sf k5fl8 ljlzi6 /fhg}lts / kmf}hL sf/0fx? /x]sf 5g\ . ;fdfGo l;4fGtsf] cy{dfdfq xf]Og hLjGt /fhgLltsf] cy{df ;d]t g]kfndf ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbsf lxtx?sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ sl/a c9fO ;o jif{ k'/fgf] lg/+s'ztGq cfkm\gf] k"0f{ ktg / hgtfsf] hgjfbL qmflGt cfkm\gf] k"0f{ ljhosf] lgs6 k'u]/ lg0ff{os d"7e]8lt/ cufl8 al9/x]sf 5g\ . j:t'tM oxL P]ltxfl;s kl/36gfn] g} ;+s|d0fsfnLg ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ cleJoQm ul//x]sf] 5 .

kmf}hL b[li6n] xltof/ / ;]gfdfly ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf] Psflwsf/nfO{ tf]8]/ ljut * jif{b]lv hgtfn] cfkm\g} ;}Go zlQm lgdf{0fsf] dxfg P]ltxfl;s k|ls|ofdfq cufl8 a9fPsf 5}gg\ ckLt' k/Dk/fut æzfxL ;]gfÆ nfO{ k/f:t u/]/ cfh zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gf;+u /0fg}lts ;Gt"ngaf6 k|Tofs|d0fsf] tof/Ldf nflu/x]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5 . of] kmf}hL l:ylt cfkm}df ;+s|d0fsfnLg ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ JoQm ub{5 .

cf7 jif{sf] dxfg\ hgo'4sf dfWodaf6 g]kfnL hgtfn] b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ u|fld0f Onfsfx?af6 k'/fgf] ;fdGtL ;Qf / To;sf cfwf/x?nfO{ Wj+; u/]/ juL{o, hftLo, If]qLo / lnlËo zf]if0f, pTkL8gaf6 d'Qm hgjfbL ;Qfx?sf] lgdf{0f / cEof;sf] k|ls|of tLa|ultdf cufl8 a9fO/x]sf 5g\ . zx/ / ;b/d'sfdx?df k'/fgf] ;Qf / u|fld0f If]qx?df gof+ hg;Qfsf] of] P]ltxfl;s l:ylt / l;+uf] b]zdf cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjsfnflu eO/x]sf] clGtd k|oTgdf ;+s|d0fsfnLg ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ :ki6 b]Vg ;lsG5 .

clxn] )$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngsf pknlAw / ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?sf lj?å ;d]t cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] cf8df ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf gfOs]x?n] h;/L v'Nnf r"gf}tL lbO/x]sf 5g\, To;n] b]zdf Psflt/ d'¶Le/ ;fdGtL b/jf/Lof / csf{lt/ u0ftGqsf] kIfdf Jofks /fhg}lts w|'ljs/0f eO/x]sf] 5 . of] k|ls|ofn] klg b]zdf ljBdfg ;+s|d0fsfnLg ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ JoQm ul//x]sf] 5 .

clxn] hgo'4sf cufl8 s] s:tf r"gf}tLx? /x]sf] 7fGg' x'G5 / o; aLrdf l;df / sdhf]/Lx? s] s:tf b]vf k/]sf 5g\ jf 5}gg\ < olb 5g\ eg] tL r'gf}tL / l;df–sdhf]/Lx?sf] s;/L ;fdgf ug]{ ;f]Rg' ePsf] 5 <

qmflGt eg]s} r'gf}tLx?sf] ;fdgf ug]{ P]ltxfl;s k|ls|of xf] . ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbåf/f b]z / hgtfsf lj?4 v8f ul/Psf r"gf}tLx?sf] ;fdgf ug]{ j}1flgs k|ls|of g} hgjfbL qmflGt xf] . o;sf ;fy} Oltxf;b]lv jt{dfg;Dd ljZjsf s'g} klg dxfg qmflGtx? l;df sdhf]/Lx?Aff6 d'Qm lyPgg\ / To:tf] x'g klg ;Qm}g . g]kfnL hgo'4 klg lj1fgsf] Tof] lgodeGbf aflx/ x'g ;Qm}g / 5}g klg . sfn{–dfS;{n] eg] em} zlQmzfnL k|ltqmflGtsf] hGd lb+b} / To;sf lj?4 ;+3if{ ub}{ cufl8 a9\g' qmflGtsf] lgod xf] .

oxL b[li6n] xfdL eGg ;Sb5f}+ ls hgo'4sf cufl8 klg cfkm\g} ljsf;åf/f k}bf ePsf r"gf}tL, l;df / sdhf]/Lx? ljBdfg 5g\ . oxf+ d'Vo k|Zg l;df / sdhf]/Lx?af6 lzIff lng' / ltgsf] lg/fs/0fsfnflu ;+3if{ ug'{ xf] . cfkm\g} l;df / sdhf]/Lsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ b'Zdgåf/f v8f ul/g] r"gf}tLsf lj?4 ;+3if{;+u hf]8\g] k|Zg ;jf{lws dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg xf] . cfkm\g} 6fpsf]df cfuf] ;NsfP/ b'Zdgsf lj?4 hfOnfUg] j}1flgs / qmflGtsf/L k|ls|ofåf/f g} xfd|f] kf6L{ cfhsf] prfO;Dd cfOk'u]sf] 5 . / eljiodf klg oxL k|ls|ofnfO{ gof+ prfOdf p7f+pb} l;df / sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ ;RofOg] 5 / b'Zdgsf lj?4 cem Jofks ljho xflzn ul/g] 5 . of] j}1flgs k|ls|ofdf lxlRsrfx6 x'g} ;Qm}g .

oxf+ 7f];?kdf r"gf}tLsf] s'/f ubf{ tfTsflns ;Gbe{df d/0ffzGg dWoo'lug ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqnfO{ k|ToIf ;}lgs / cfly{s ;xof]u u/]/ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] hgjfbL cfs+Iffsf lj?4 v8f u/]sf] r"gf}tL xf] . cfw'lgs kmf;Ljfbsf?kdf ljZj hgdtsf cufl8 gfË} aGg k'u]sf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] a'O r9]/ g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] P]ltxfl;s cfs+IffnfO{ /utdf 8'afpg] 3f]/ k|ltufdL ;fdGtL ;kgf slxNo} k'/f x'g] 5}g . xfdL @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;sf] dfGotf cg';f/ b]zleq / aflx/ j[xt ;+o'Qm df]rf{ sfod ub}{ / hgo'4sf] /0fgLltnfO{ gof+ prfOdf p7f+pb} To;sf] ;fdgf ug]{ 5f}+ . 1fg]Gb| / kf/; h:tf s'Voft ck/fwLx?nfO{ sflv Rofk]/ g]kfndf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] cfkm\g} ktg / k/fhosf]dfq z'?jft u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] of] u7aGwgn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] ljb|f]x, Tofu / alnbfgsf] cf}lrTo / uf}/jnfO{ ljZjJofkL cfofd g} k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .

l;df / sdhf]/Lsf] ;DaGwdf ;a}eGbf v8\sg] ljifo Psflt/ @!cf}+ ztfAbLdf hgjfbsf] ljsf;sf] ljrf/ / csf{lt/ ;+u7gfTds ;+/rgf, sfo{z}nL / ;+:sf/sf aLrsf] cGt/lj/f]w xf] . gof+ ljrf/n] ;+u7g, sfo{z}nL / ;+:sf/df u'0ffTds cu|utLsf] df+u ul//x]sf] 5 / xfdL of] cGt/lj/f]w xn ug]{ jx;sf] k|ls|ofdf 5f}+ .

kf6L{sf] k|efj lj:tf/ / gof+ ;Qfsf] ljsf; k|ls|of;+u} cf}krfl/stf, oflGqstf, kbnf]n"ktf, gf]s/zfxLkg, c/fhstf, cx+sf/, kmh'nvrL{, ljefujfb cfbL h:tf u}X–;j{xf/f lrGtg k|j[ltx? klg b]vf kg{ yfn]sf 5g\ . o; lsl;dsf k|j[ltx?n] klg cGttM ljrf/ / ;+u7gsf aLrsf] cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ g} JoQm ub{5g\ . o;sf] ;dfwfg j}rfl/s ax; / gof+ of]hgfsf ;fy ul/g] 5 .

s"n ldnf+pbf r"gf}tL / sdhf]/Lsf lj?4 b[9tfk"j{s ;+3if{ ug]{ kf6L{sf] ;xL k/Dk/fnfO{ csf]{ prfOdf p7fP/ n}hfg] s'/fdf xfdL ljZj:t 5f} .

/fhg}lts k|j[ltsf b[li6sf]0fn] olta]nf cfGbf]ngdf s:tf] l:ylt /x]sf] kfpg' x'G5 . s'g k|j[lt cfGbf]ngsf] ljsf;sf lgldQ k|d'v vt/f eO/x]sf] xf]nf < s[kof :ki6 kf/L lbg' x'GYof] ls <

kf6L{ / cfGbf]ngdf ;fdfGotM blIf0f, dWo / æjfdÆ k|j[ltx? w]/}yf]/} xd]zf /lx/x]sf x'G5g\ . lglZrt b]z, sfn / kl/l:yltdf lglZrt k|j[lt ljz]if?kn] k|jn aGg k'Ub5 / To;sf lj?4 ;+3if{sf] k|Zgn] k|fyldstf lng k'Ub5 . clxn]sf] 7f]; l:yltdf ;du| cfGbf]ngsf b[li6n] blIf0fk+yL cfTd;'/Iffjfbsf lj?4 j}rfl/s ;+3if{sf] k|Zg k|fylds /x]sf] 5 . ju{–o'4df /0fg}lts ;Gt"ngsf] ljlzi6 l:yltsfsf/0f csd{0otfjfb klg t"ngfTds?kn] k|an x'g k'Ub5 . ;fy} oxL ljlzi6tfsf] hudf blIf0fk+yL cfTd;'/Iffjfb / csd{0otfjfbsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ug]{ gfddf æjfdk+yLÆ b'Z;fx;jfbn] 6fpsf] p7fpg] vt/f klg ljBdfg /x]sf] x'G5 . ;Rrf qmflGtsf/Lx?n] ;a} k|j[ltx?k|lt ;ts{ /x+b} blIf0fk+yL cfTd;'/Iffjfbsf lj?4sf] ;+3if{nfO{ ljz]if u+eL/tfk"j{s cufl8 a9fpg Wofg lbg' kb{5 .

oxf+ Wofg lbg' kg]{ csf]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] /fhg}lts k|j[ltsf b[li6sf]0fn] blIf0fk+y k|d'v vt/f x'+bf x'+b} klg ;+u7gfTds?kn] h8;'qjfbL ;+sL0f{tfsf lj?4 ;+3if{sf] k|Zg dxTjk"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . j:t'tM xfd|f] kf6L{sf] ljsf; afXo?kdf blIf0fk+yL ;+zf]wgjfb / cfGtl/s?kdf h8;'qjfbL ;+sL0f{tfsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ub}{ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . ;+3if{sf] oxL åGbfTdstfsf] kl/0ffd g} b'Zdg / cj;/jfbLx?sf tdfd if8oGqsf afjh'b xfd|f] kf6L{ gof+ gof+ cfwf/df Pstfa4 x'+b} cfPsf] 5 .

o; ;Gbe{df dxfg ;j{xf/f ;f“:s[lts qmflGtsf] of] lzIffnfO{ slxNo} la;{g x'“b}g ls gsf/fTds k|j[ltsf] 9fs5f]k ug{sfnflu ;sf/fTds ts{x?sf] pkof]u ug'{ cfw'lgs cj;/jfbsf] Pp6f ljz]iftf aGg k'u]sf] 5 . h;sf] ;f/tTj blIf0fk+yL /x]sf] 5 p;n] jfdk+yLsf] hnk nufpg] km]zgsf lj?4 ;ts{ eP/dfq xfdL qmflGtsf/L wf/fnfO{ ;xL 9+un] cufl8 a9fpg ;Sb5f}+ .

ljifo abnf}+, xfn} g]kfnu~hdf /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] u/]sf] ;+jf]wg / ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?sf] lj/f]w / cfGbf]ngsf ;DaGwdf s] s:tf] d"Nof+sg ul//xg' ePsf] 5 < s] ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bn / g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf aLrdf ;+o'Qm–df]rf{sf] ;+efjgf a9]sf] dfGg' x'G5 <

…TimeÚ klqsfdf cfPsf] cGt/jftf{ / g]kfnu~hdf ul/Psf] efif0f dfkm{t 1fg]Gb| zfxLåf/f b/jf/ xTofsf08b]lvsf] cfkm\gf] ;fdGtL kmf}hL lg/+s'ztGqsf] lelq Ph]08fnfO{ v'nf;f ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . lxhf];Dd æ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqÆ k|lt cfkm' k|lta4 /x]sf] k6s k6ssf] 3f]if0ff 1fg]Gb|sf] dxfem'§f] / kfv08L asjf;dfq lyof] eGg] s'/f clxn] cfP/ ;j{q :ki6 ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] bnfnL / h'7f]k'/f]df g]kfnL hgtfsf ;jf]{Qd 5f]/f5f]/Lx?sf] /ut lkp+b} lx+8g] ;fdGtL xTof/fx?n] /fi6« / hgtfsf] gfddf uf]xLsf] cf“z' emfg'{ eGbf 7"nf] g]kfnL hgtfsf] ckdfg c? s]xL x'g ;Qm}g . xfd|f] kf6L{sfnflu 1fg]Gb|sf o; k|sf/sf kfv08L x/stx? gf}nf / c:jfefljs eg] /x]s} 5}gg\ . xhf/f}+ k6s bf]xf]¥ofOPsf] of] tYo ;j{ljlbt} 5 ls xfd|f] kf6L{n] b/af/ xTofsf08;+u} g]kfnaf6 k/Dk/fut /fhtGqsf] cGt ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] lyof] . b/jf/ xTofsf08, g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf lj?å ;fd|fHojfbL u'? of]hgf cGtu{t ;}Go kmf;Ljfb yf]kg]{ if8oGqsf] c+u lyof] . ;f] xTofsf08sf] vngfos 1fg]Gb|nfO{ /fhfsf] gSsnL hfdf klxGofP/ ;fd|fHojfbn] ;}Go kmf;LjfbnfO{ j}wflgstf k|bfg ug]{ gf}6+sL dfq u/]sf] lyof] . of] hLljt ;TonfO{ cfTd;ft u/]/ g} xfd|f] kf6L{n] u0ftGqsf] cfjfh a'nGb ug{ / To;sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; ug{ b]zsf ;a} /fhg}lts bn, af}l4s JolQmTj / cfd hg;d'bfo;+u ckLn u/]sf] lyof] .

b/jf/ xTofsf08 kl5 b]z / hgtfsf cufl8 pkl:yt r"gf}tLsf] u+eL/tfnfO{ ljrf/ u/]/ g} xfdLn] l;nLu'9L a}7s dfkm{t ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?;+u Jofks ;+o'Qm–df]rf{ v8f ug]{ k|:tfj /fv]sf lyof}+ . t/, ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?, tfTsflns l:yltdf ljifosf] u+eL/tfnfO{ a'em\g c;kmn /x] . of] c;kmntfsf] kl/0ffd 1fg]Gb|nfO{ cToGt w'Tof“Ok"j{s cfkm\gf] l:yltnfO{ æ;'b[9Æ ub}{ nfg] cj;/dfq k|bfg u¥of] .

cfh cfP/ ;a} ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnx?nfO{ 1fg]Gb|n] v'n]cfd ufnL ub}{, kfvf nufPkl5 eg] l:ylt ablnPsf] 5 . o'jf ljwfyL{x?n] ;8sdf u0ftGqsf] gf/f 3GsfO/x]sf 5g\ . k|d'v ;+;bjfbL bnx?klg 1fg]Gb|sf x/stx?nfO{ !*cf}+ ztfAbLsf lg/+s'z x/stsf?kdf ljZn]if0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;zQm kfg]{ 3f]if0ff eO/x]sf 5g\ . of] l:yltdf xfd|f] kf6L{n] k"0f{ u+eL/tf / nrstfsf;fy ;a} /fhg}lts bnx?;dIf u0ftGqsf] Go"gtd gf/fdf ;femf ;xdtL sfod ul/ cfGbf]ngnfO{ lg0ff{os?kdf cufl8 a9fpg hf]8 ul//x]sf] 5 . o;/L /fhg}lts l:yltsf] u+eL/tf / Oltxf;sf] cfjZostfn] ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztGqsf lj?å Jofks ;+o'Qm df]rf{sf] ;+efjgfnfO{ k|an agfPsf] 5 . xfdL To;sf lgldQ lagf k"jf{u|x nrstfsf] xb;Dd hfg tof/ 5f}+ .

o'4lj/fd e+u ePb]lv cfh;Ddsf] kmf}hL l:yltsf] ;dLIff s;/L ul//xg' ePsf] 5 < zfxL ;]gfn] tkfOx?sf] kmf}hL Ifdtfdf Xf; cfO/x]sf] / cfkm'nfO{ 7"nf] ;kmntf ldln/x]sf] k|rf/ ul//x]sf] 5 . jf:tljstf s] /x]sf] 5 <

/0fg}lts ;Gt"ngaf6 k|Tofs|d0fsf] tof/L g} cfhsf] ;du| kmf}hL l:yltsf] lgisif{ xf] . zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfn] em'§f / lgof]lht k|rf/afhLdf ljZj /]s8{ g} agfPsf] 5 . oyfy{df xfd|f] kf6L{sf] gof“ /0fg}lts of]hgf cg';f/ hgd'lQm ;]gfn] b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ u|fld0f Onfsfdf zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfnfO{ e"ldut, /IffTds / rf]/Ll5kL lx8\g afWo kfb}{ nu]sf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf;+usf] jf:tljs d"7e]8df 7"N7"nf k/fho ef}Ub} uPsf] zfxL hNnfbx?sf] 8km\kmfn] lgxTyf /fhg}lts sfo{stf{x?nfO{ kS8]/ lgd{d9+un] xTof ug]{, a]kQf kfg]{, 7"nf] bnan;lxt rf]/af6f] x'“b} lglZrt uf“p3/df uP/ ;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ s"6lk6 ug]{, 3/x?df cfuf] nufpg], tf]8kmf]8 ug]{, anfTsf/ ug]{ h:tf] ck/flws s[ofsnfkåf/f cfkm\gf] æaxfb'/LÆ k|bz{g ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . TolQdfq xf]Og clxn] ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnsf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ ;d]t xfd|f] gfddf xTof ug]{ cToGt 3[l0ft if8oGqdf zfxL hNnfbx? nflu/x]sf 5g\ . s]xL lbg klxn] dfq l;/fxfdf Pdfn]sf k"j{ ;f+;bsf] lgd{d xTof / pkTosfdf ;+;bjfbL /fhg}lts bnsf g]tfx?sf] xTof ug]{ slyt dfcf]jfbL lni6sf] k|rf/df zfxL hNnfbx?sf] ;+nUgtfn] To; k|sf/sf] if8oGqsf] k/fsfi7fnfO{ JoQm ub{5 . o; k|sf/sf 3f]/ ck/flws s[ofsnfkdf ktgn] slyt zfxL ;]gfsf] ;kmntfnfO{ xf]Og k/fhonfO{ dfq k'li6 ub{5g\ .

o; aLrdf lglZrt?kdf xfd|f] kf6L{ hgd'lQm ;]gf / hg–;+u7gx?sf s}of}+ dxTjk"0f{ g]tf, sfo{stf{ / of]4fx?sf] alnbfg / IftLklg ePsf] 5 . t/, Tof] alnbfg / IftLn] xhf/f} gof“ qmflGtsf/L of]4fx?nfO{ hGd lb+b} uPsf] 5 . hgd'lQm ;]gf pRr dgf]ansf;fy cfkm\g} of]hgf cg';f/ cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 . ;fd|fHojfbL xltof/ / k};fsf] andf g]kfnL hgtfsf] dxfg hgo'4 slxNo} k/flht x'g] 5}g .

s]xL ;do klxn] dfq sd/]8 cWoIfn] Ps jQmJo dfkm{t hgtfsf] cledt a}wflgs9+un] JoQm x'g] l:yltdf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] dWo:ytf / ko{j]If0f :jLsf/ x'g] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ePs]f lyof] . To;sf] cy{ s] kf6L{n] tTsfn jftf{sf] ;+efjgf b]v]sf] xf] jf Pp6f s"6g}lts sbdsf?kdf Tof] jQmJo cfPsf] xf] <

1fg]Gb|sf] pu| lg/+s'ztf / zfxL hNnfbx?sf] dfly pNn]lvt ck/fwx?sf ;Gbe{ / k[i7e"lddf jftf{sf] s'g} ;+efjgf xfdLn] clxn] b]lv/x]sf 5}gf}+ . pNn]lvt aQmJo, 1fg]Gb|åf/f hgtfsf] b'xfO{ lbg] kfv08L k|rf/sf] hjfkmdf cGt/fli6«o ;d'bfonfO{ ;+jf]wg ug{ / jf:tljstf jf]w u/fpg k|]lift ul/Psf] xf] . k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg, ;+;b / ;+;bLo kf6L{x?nfO{ k|ltufdL sbd dfkm{t kfvf nufpg], xfd|f] kf6L{åf/f k|:tfljt ;+ljwfg–;efsf] lgjf{rg dfkm{t hg–cledt lng] s'/fsf] 7f8} c:jLsf/ ug]{ / b]zdf ;}Go kmf;Ljfb yf]kg]{ ;fdGtL gfOs]x?sf] c;nL r]x/f kbf{kmf; ug{s}nflu ;f] jQmJo uPsf] s'/f To;nfO{ u+eL/tfk"j{s cWoog ug]{ hf] sf]xL kf7sn] klg ;lhn} a'em\g ;Sb5 .

ef/tsf] r]GgO{df g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6 Ao"/f] ;b:o s= ;L=kL= uh'/]nsf] d'4f rln/x]s} a]nf xfn} ef/t ;/sf/n] kf]ln6 Ao"/f]sf csf{ ;b:o s= dft[sf k|;fb ofbj / s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf j}slNks ;b:o s= ;'/]z cfn] du/nfO{ kS8]/ g]kfndf a'emfPsf] 5 . of] 36gfs|dnfO{ kf6L{n] s;/L x]l//x]sf] 5 <

ef/tdf /f]hL/f]6Lsf lgldQ nfvf}+ ul/a g]kfnL hgtf /x]sf] oyfy{sf ;Gbe{df xfd|f] kf6L{n] tL g]kfnL hgtfsf aLrdf sfd ug'{ ;j{yf :jefljs k|ls|of xf] . oxL k|ls|of cGtu{t xfd|f] kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{x? cfjZostf cg';f/ ef/tsf ljleGg efudf hfg' cfpg' klg TolQs} :jefljs s'/f xf] . o;nfO{ s'g} /xiosf] ljifo dfGg' kg]{ sf/0f g} 5}g .

ef/tLo zf;s ju{ klg k|lts[ofjfbL ju{ g} ePsf]n] p;n] qmflGtsf/Lx?sf lj?4 bdgsf] efiff af]Ng' klg a'em\g ;lsg] s'/f xf] . t/, cfkm'nfO{ u0ftGqjfbL / ;+;f/s} 7"nf] k|hftGqsf] b'xfO{ lbg] ef/tLo zf;s ju{n] lg/+s'z ;fdGtL /fhtGqsf lj?4 / u0ftGqsf kIfdf nl8/x]sf /fhg}lts g]tf, sfo{stf{x?nfO{ lagf s'g} j}wflgs k|ls|of ckx/0f u/]/ /ftf/ft zfxL hNnfbx?nfO{ a'emfpg' cfZro{ / cfs|f]zsf] s'/f ePsf] 5 . o; k|sf/sf] ckx/0f / ;"k"b{uLn] ef/tLo zf;s ju{k|lt g]kfnL hgtfsf] 3[0ffnfO{ a9fpg] sfd dfq u/]sf] 5}g ckLt' slyt ef/tLo k|hftGqsf] lvNnL p8fpg] sfd klg u/]sf] 5 . s= dft[sf k|;fb ofbj / s= ;'/]z cfn] du/sf ;Gbe{df xfd|f] kf6L{n] cfkm\gf] wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs ub}{ k|]; jQmJo k|sflzt ul/ ;s]sf] 5 . To;df jxf“x?sf] ;'/Iff, ;Ddfg / d'lQmsfnflu cfjfh a'nGb ug{ g]kfn / ef/tsf ;Dk"0f{ hg–kIfLo zlQmx?;+u cg'/f]w ul/Psf] 5 .