g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf cWoIf tyf ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s= ltns kl/of/ af6 lnPsf] ;+lIfKt cGt/jftf{ .
b]zsf] jt{dfg kl/l:yltsf] d"Nofª\sg s;/L ug'{
ePsf] 5 <
– d'n's ;+j]bgzLn kl/l:yltaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf ;~rflnt hgo'4n] ljsf; u/]sf] gofF pFrfO hgtfsf]
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] lgdf{0f / gofF hg;Qfsf] hGd / nueu @%) aif{ k'/fgf] ;fdGtL /fHo;QfaLrsf]
eLif0f cGt/åGbsf] kl/0ffd:j?k kmf}hL?kn] /0fg}lts ;Gt'ng / /fhg}lts?kn] /fli6«o
/ cGt/f{li6«o ?kd} lqsf]0ffTds zlQm;Gt'ngsf] ljlzi6 cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .
o;}sf] pkh ut # dlxgf b]lv d'n'sdf o'4lj/fd / jftf{–k|lqmofcl3 al9/x]sf]
5 .. @@ a'Fb] cfrf/;+lxtf klg nfu' ePsf] 5 . t/ k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn]
To;sf] k"0f{ kfng ug{ ;ls /x]sf] 5}g . b]zsf ljleGg efux?df zfxL
;]gfn] k|ToIf jf k/f]If ?kdf dfG5] dfg]{ sfd ul/ /x]sf 36gfx? 5fkfdf cfO{ /x]sf
5g\ .
b]zsf]
;+j]bgzLn / gfh's cj:yfdf ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|n] rnv]n ug]{ vt/f a9\b} uO/x]sf]
5 . /fi6«3ftL, hg3ftL tTjx?n] jftf{ efF8\g] b'ik|of; klg ul//x]sf
5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf, clnslQ klg b]z / hgtfk|lt dfof ePsf b]zeQm,
k|hftGqk|]dL, /fi6«jfbL, jfdk+yL zlQm, JolQm, ;+3–;+:yfx?n] oyfl:yltaf6 dfly
p7]/ g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] efjgf, rfxgf / cfjZostf tyf d'n'sdf ljBdfg w/ftnLo
oyfy{nfO{ cfTd;ft u/L hgtfnfO{ ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ ;DkGg / d'n'snfO{ ;fj{ef}d ;Qf
;DkGg :jtGq :jflwg /fi6«sf ?kdf ljZjdf lrgfpg gofF cfwf/df gofF Pstf sfod u/]/
b]znfO{ cu|ult lbg lgtfGt cfjZos ePsf] 5 . )$^ ;fn eGbf kl5 kmls{g vf]Hg]
k|ltudgsf/L lrGtg / )$^ b]lv )%( ;fn jLrsf] ;+;bLo oyfl:yltjfbL lrGtg d'n'ssf]
nflu ckmfkl;4 eO;s]sf] 5 .. d'n'sdf ;+ljwfg z"Gotfsf] l:ylt sfod
5 . ca d'n's / d'n'sjf;Ln] cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf] rfxgf / cfjZostf rf}tkmL{
dxz"; ul//x]sf] 5 . of] Pp6f /Qmkft ljxLg cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] cj;/
klg xf] . o;sf] clwstd\ ;b'kof]u u/L jftf{nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg
;+;bjfbL zlQm / sDo'lgi6 qmflGtsf/L zlQmaLr cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf] nflu sfo{ut Pstf
cfhsf] P]ltxfl;s cfjZostf aGg uPsf] 5 . )$^ ;fnsf] cw'/f] k|hftGqnfO{
k"0f{ k|hftGqdf / cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf] 9f]sf k|z:t ug{, ;a}eGbf k|hftflGqs
ljlw ;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\ gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{ cfjZostf v6\s]sf]
5 . lqsf]0ffTds /fhg}lts zlQm;Gt'ngsf] cj:yfdf ;xdltsf] ldngljGb' klg
;+ljwfg ;ef g} x'g hfG5 . of] eGbf tTsfn csf]{ ljsNk 5}g .
g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] pRr:t/Lo jftf{6f]nLn] k|:t't
u/]sf] Ph]08faf/] tkfO{sf] wf/0ff <
– clxn] b]zdf ;+ljwfg z"Gotfsf] cj:yf 5 . d'n'sdf ljut * aif{b]lv o'4/t g]=s=kf-dfcf]jfbL_ / k'/fgf] ;Qf kIfaLr o'4lj/fd / jftf{–k|lqmof cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . jftf{sf] bf>f]] cf}krfl/s r/0f klg k"/f ePsf] 5 . jftf{6f]nLåf/f k|:t't Ph]08fx? uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg o;sf cnfjf /fli6«otf, hgtGq, hghLljsfsf HjnGt ;d:of / / hftLo, If]qLo, ;fdflhs, ;f+:s[lts ?kfGt/0fsf ljifox? Ph]08fdf p7fOPsf] 5 .. o;n] d'n'ssf] nflu k|ultzLn ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ k|lqmofdf lgs} dxTj /fVb5 .
;a} /fhg}lts
zlQm / ;fdflhs tyf gful/s ;dfhsf] k|ltlglw ;lDdlnt a[xb\ uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngåf/f
;+ljwfg ;efnfO{ ;xdltsf] ldngljGb' agfOg' k5{ . To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{,
cGtl/d ljwfgsf cfwf/df cGtl/d ;/sf/ u7g ul/g' kb{5 .. cGtl/d ;/sf/n]
;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg u/fO{ gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/]/ b]znfO{ gofF lgsf;
lbO{g' kb{5 . of] g} tTsfnsf] j:t'jfbL / ;do ;fk]If j}1flgs lgsf;
xf] . o; jf:tljstfnfO{ k~5\ofP/ hfnem]n, if8\oGqåf/f jftf{af6 efUg] jf
efF8\g] k|oTg s;}af6 ul/of] eg] Oltxf;n] s;}nfO{ Ifdf lbg] 5}g .
;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t aGg] gof“ ;+ljwfgn] blnt ;d:ofnfO{
;Daf]wg ug{ ;S5 <
– xfdLnfO{
nfU5 gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f–k|lqmof ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgaf6 ePdf, :jod\ blnt
;d'bfon] cfˆgf] efUosf] km};nf cfkm} ug{ kfpg] 5g\ .. blnt ;d'bfon] dfq
xf]Og hghflt, dlxnf nufot pTkLl8t ;d'bfo ;a}n] Tof] clwsf/ kfpg] 5g\ .
To;f] eP gofF ;+ljwfgn] ;Daf]wg gug]{ t s'/} ePg .
@)$&
;fnsf] ;+ljwfgdf jx'efifL, jx'wfld{s, ax'hftLo eg]tf klg lxGb' clw/fHo 3f]if0ff
u/]/ Pp6} cfo{d"nsf zfx / /f0ffx?sf] lxGb' j0f{jfbdf cfwfl/t /fHogLlt
k5\ofpb} @)!( ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg h:t} @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg klg lxGb' pRr hftLo
cx+sf/jfbdf cfwfl/t lxGb' ;fdGtL /fHo;Qf, lxGb' wd{, v; g]kfnL efiffsf] Psflwsf/
sfod} 5 . sf7df08f}+ d=g=kf=sf] g]jf/L efiff / hgsk'/sf] d}ynL efiffnfO{
sfdsfhL efiffdf k|of]u x'gaf6 k|ltjGw nufP/ :ki6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . ax'bnsf]
k'gM :yfkgfkZrft\ klg ;fdflhs ;+/rgf;DaGwL /fHosf] l;4fGt lxGb" j0ff{>d
Joj:yfd} cfwfl/t 5 . wfld{s, eflifs / hftkft, 5'jf5"t, e]befj /
c;dfgtfsf sf/0f k|zf;g / ;z:q ;]gfdf lxGb" pRr hfltsf] k|e'Tj cyf{t To;df
klg ljz]if u/]/ /f0ff / zfxx?sf] k|e'Tj sfod /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . To; k|sf/sf]
hGd l;4 clwsf/sf ?kdf zf;s hftn] pkef]u ub}{ cfPsf] clwsf/ ;a} gful/sdf ;dfg'kflts
afF8kmfF8 ug{ klg ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg clgjfo{ 5 . o;af6 jGg] gofF
;+ljwfgn] ;a} ;d:ofsf] ;Daf]wg ug]{ lglZrt 5 . nueu c9fO{ ;o jif{ klxn]
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] d'n'snfO{ ef}uf]lns ?kdf PsLs/0f u/]tf klg cfly{s, ;fdflhs /
;f+:s[lts ?kdf PsLs/0f cem} ePsf] 5}g . ;fFrf] cy{df /fli6«o Pstf dha't
ePsf] 5}g . /fli6«o Pstf dha't agfpg, If]qLo :jfoQtf, hftLo :jzf;g,
cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ eflifs :jfoQtf, blnt / dlxnf ;d'bfosf] pTkL8gaf6 d'lQmsf]
;d:of dw]zL :jfoQtf cflb nufotsf hgjfbL clwsf/ ;DkGg s]Gb|Lotfdf dfq /fli6«o
Pstf dha't aGg ;S5 . To;sf nflu wd{lg/k]Iftf ;lxtsf] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f
x'g ckl/xfo{ 5 .
clxn] klg
blnt ;d'bfodfly ckx]ngfsf 36gfx? 3l6/x]sf 5g\, :jod\ blnt ;d'bfoaLr klg 5'jf5't
e]befj sfod b]lvG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf blnt d'lQm cfGbf]ng s;/L ;kmn x'g ;Snf
<
– lj8Djgf g} eGg' knf{ @! cf}+ ztfJbLsf] cfw'lgs o'udf
klg xfd|f] d'n'sdf hftkft 5'jf5"t h:tf] clt lgs[i6td\ k|yf emg\–emg\ hl6n
/ lgMs[i6 tl/sfn] g]kfnL ;dfhdf b]vfkb}{ cfPsf] 5, ev{/} wgu9Ldf Pp6L blnt
dlxnfnfO{ slyt pRr hftsf] dfG5]n] lb;f v'jfP/ cdfgjLo oftgf lbPsf] s'/f
5fkfx?df cfPsf] 5 . 8f]6L, c5fd, afh'/f, a}t8L, 8F8]nw'/f cflb lhNnfx?df
8f]nL k|yfcGtu{t blntx? dfly cdfgjLo zf]if0f eO/x]sf] 5 . l;/fxfdf blnt
hflts} cfwf/df l;gf] ˆofSg} kg]{, gˆofFSbf ljleGg oftgf ;xg' kg]{, alxis[t x'g'kg]{ .
cGt/hftLo ljjfx u/]afkt ;–kl/jf/ ufpF lgsfnf x'g'kg]{, oftgf ef]Ug'kg]{ of]
k/Dk/fb]lv blntdfly x'Fb} cfPsf] aa{/tfk"0f{ ;fdflhs pTkL8g xf] .. ut
!( dlxgf leqsf 36gfx? t k|To]If /fHo;Qfaf6 36fOPsf x[boljbf/s 36gfx?sf s]xL
l;ldt pbfx/0f lbpF– c5fd, s'Osf, e'njf8fdf @# 3/ blnt kl/jf/sf] 3/jf; zfxL
;]gfåf/f cfuhgL u/fP/ Wj:t agfOof], tL lgbf]{if lgxTyf blntx?sf] s] s;"/
lyof] < To:t} jfh'/fsf] huGgfydf xftdf cla/ / km"ndfnf lnP/ :jfut ug{
plePsf blnt ;d'bfonfO{ nfOg nufP/ !( hgf blntsf] ;fd'lxs xTof ul/of] .
bfËsf] /fhk'/ 6fj/ glhs sf}jf3f/L ufpFsf !! hgf ;fsL{ kl/jf/sf / Pshgf ljsnfO{
hft ;f]wL nfOg nufP/ ;fd"lxs xTof ul/of] . bfËs} km"njf/L
uf=lj=; jf8{ g+= ^ df /fFufsf] lzsf/ sf6L /x]sf blntx?nfO{ uf]nLxfgL ^ hgfsf]
xTof ul/of] . ;of}+ blnt r]nLj]6Lsf cl:dtf n'l6of], ;of}+ blntx? cfh klg
a]kQf kfl/Psf 5g\ .. hftkftsf] pTkL8gdf k/]sf blnt ;d'bfo a]/f]huf/L,
cfly{s ljkGgtf, u/LaL, /f]u–ef]sn] u|l;t ckdflgt / ckx]lnt hLjg afFRg afWo
5g\ . To;dfly /fHosf] s'b[li6 klg blntdfly x'Fb} cfPsfn] /fhg}lts, cfly{s
/ ;fdflhs ?kn] ;a}eGbf a9L zf]if0f–pTkL8gdf blntx? k/]sf 5g\ .
pk/f]Qm pTkL8g ;a} !$ cf}+ ztfJbL lt/ ef/tjf6 >Lgfy e§ / dlxgfy e§ j|fXd0f jf]nfP/ lxGb' ;fdGtjfbn] ;+:yfut u/L j0f{jfb nfu' u/]/ /fhg}lts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs If]qdf j+lrt u/fO{ k5f8L kfl/Psf] kl/0ffd xf] . blnt ;d'bfo aLr 5'jf5't e]befj klg To;} j0f{jfb / /x:ojfbL lrGtgsf] kl/0ffd xf] . To;sf] k"0f{cGTo To;sf] ;+/Ifs lxGb' ;fdGtjfb / j0f{jfbsf] pGd"ng ug{ lxGb' wd{ ;fk]If /fHo;Qfsf] Wj:t / To;sf] ;§fdf wd{ lg/k]If /fHo;Qf, ;j} If]qdf /fHon] Ifltk"lt{ jfkt ljz]ifflwsf/ / tNnf] OsfOb]lv pkNnf] lgsfP;Dd ;Qfdf clgjfo{ ;xeflutf blnt ;d'bfonfO{ agfP/ dfq ug{ ;lsG5 . To:sf;fy} gofF hgjfbL ;fF:s[lts cfGbf]ngsf] cfFwL–t'kmfg rnfpg' kb{5 . a|fXd0fjfbn] afx'g–If]qLb]lv blnt ;d'bfo ;d]tnfO{ ufFh]sf] 5 . h;sf] kl/0ffd sdj]zL ;a} hft–hflt / blnt hfltx?df e]befj k|z:t kfOG5 . h;sf] ?kfGt/0f ef}ltsjfbL j}1flgs lzIffn] dfq u5{ .
blnt d'lQmsf] nflu NGO/INGO / cGo ;+;bjfbL blnt ;+u7gx?n] ;fdflhs ;'wf/df hf]8
lbPsf 5g\, o;nfO{ s;/L x]g'{ ePsf] 5 <
– s= dfcf]sf] egfO{ 5– æ/fHo;Qf eGbf tnsf s'/f e|d dfq
x'g\Æ eGg] s'/fnfO{ ux/fO{;Fu a'em\g h?/L 5 . /fhgLlt eGbf dfly p7]/ slyt
;fdflhs ;'wf/sf] gf/f NGO/INGO / cGo blnt ;+u7gx?n] lbg'sf] k5fl8 7"nf] /x:o
5 . k|yd t d'n'ssf] @% k|ltzt hg;+Vofdf /x]sf] blnt ;d'bfonfO{ /fhg}lts
;Qfsf] k|Zgaf6 6f9f /fVg] / slyt pRr hftsf zf;sju{sf] /fhgLltdf Psflwsf/ sfod
/fVg] tyf blnt ;d'bfonfO{ ef]6a}+s agfOPsf] jfkt a/fh'x?sf] lgufxf / bofdf
/fhg}lts lgo'lQmdf Ps–cfwf–/fk+;, ;f+;b / dGqL aGg] lglxt :jfy{n] sfd u/]sf]
5 . o; k|sf/sf] lrGtgn] blnt ;d:ofnfO{ oyfjt} /fVg d2t k'/fpF5 cyf{t\
j0f{jfbnfO{ g} 6]jf k'¥ofpF5 . c? bf]>f]– NGO/INGO n] ljBdfg lxGb' j0f{jfbdf cfwfl/t ;fdGtL /fHo ;Qfsf]
cf8df ljb]zL ;fd|fHojfbL, lj:tf/jfbL bft[ ;+:yfx?sf] gLlt cg'?k d'n'sdf
;fd|fHojfbL 3';k}7 lgDTofpg] / cfTdlge{/ cy{tGqsf] cGt/Wj+z u/fpg u/LaL /
cfly{s ljkGgtfsf] rk]6fdf k/]sf blntx?nfO{ ækz';/x xl/of] 3fF; b]vfP/
;fd|fHojfbL a'r/ vfgfdf n}hfg] sfd u/]sf 5g\Æ hf] kl5 /fi6«3ft / hg3ftsf]
æck/fwÆ 7xl/g] 5 . t;y{ /fhgLltnfO{ klxnf] / ;dfh ;'wf/nfO{ bf]>f]df
/fvL sfd ubf{ blnt d'lQmnfO{ d2t k'Ug]5 . cyf{t\ /fhg}lts ;Qf kl/jt{gsf]
cfGbf]ngl;t hf]l8Psf] ;fdflhs ;'wf/sf] sfo{qmdn] dfq ;fFrf] cy{df blntnfO{
d'lQm lbnfpg] 5 .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
sf] jftf{6f]nLdf k|ToIf blnt k|ltlglwTj gePsf] l6Kk0fL obfsbf ePsf] kfOG5,
o;af/] tkfO{sf] egfO{ s] 5 <
–
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{ g} o:tf] P]ltxfl;s kf6L{ xf] h;n] g]kfnsf] /fhg}lts
Oltxf;df klxnf] k6s cfˆgf] kf6L{–kª\lQm leq hftkft, 5'jf5"tsf] k"0f{
cGTosf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 .. sy+sbflrt 5'jf5"tsf] Jojxf/ u/]df s8f
sfjf{xL ug]{, oxfF ;Dd ls kf6L{af6 lgisfzg ;d]t ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
blnt ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0f ug]{ 7f]; gLlt / sfo{qmd ;d]t jgfPsf] 5 . h;n]
7"nf] ;+Vofdf blnt ;d'bfosf] efjgfnfO{ ;d]6\g ;kmn ePsf] 5 .. :jo+
blntn] eGbf u}/blntx?n] blnt ;d:ofnfO{ /0fg}lts dxTjsf ;fy p7fpgfn] cGo
;d'bfojLr efjgfTds Pstf dhj't x'Fb} hfg] s'/f lglj{jfb 5 . ;f/df
j0f{jfbsf] kIfkf]if0f ug]{ ?kdf ;fdflhs ;'wf/sf s'/f ug]{ oyfl:yltjfbL lrGtgsf
blnt ;+3 ;+:yfsf JolQmx?n] k|To]If k|ltlglwTjsf] dfFu u/]sf 5g\ . t/ xfdL
;f/df lxGb' j0f{jfbn] nfb]sf] hftkft, 5'jf5"tsf] k"0f{ cGTosf nflu
h'g kIfn] kxn u/]klg :jfut ug{ tof/ 5f}+ . d"n s'/f lxGb' j0ff{>d
Joj:yfdf cfwfl/t /fHosf] ;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf] cfd"n kl/t{g ug{ wd{ lg/k]Iftf
cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . Tof] s'/f jftf{ 6f]nLn] /0fg}lts dxTjsf ;fy p7fPsf]
5 . To;sf ;fy} ;fdflhs ;d:ofsf Ph]08fx? klg /fv]sf] 5 . hxfF ;Dd
ef}lts ?kn] k|ltlglwTjsf] s'/f xf], ef/tdf e"=k'= /fi6«klt s]=cf/= gf/fo0f
d'n'ssf] pRr kbdf Pp6f blnt ;d'bfosf] JolQmTj /flvPsf] lyof] t/ ;f/df ToxfFsf
@) s/f]8 eGbf a9L ;+Vofdf /x]sf blntx? cfhklg lxGb' j0f{jfbdf cfwfl/t ;fdflhs
;+/rgfsf] pTkL8gdf kl//x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] cy{ k|To]If k|ltlglwTj ug{ x'b}g
eg]sf] xf]Og, ;f/ / ?ksf] åGbfTds ;DjGw x'G5 cfjZostfg';f/ k|ltlglwTj klg ug{'
kb{5 t/ lg/k]Iftfdf xf]Og, ;fk]Iftfdf .
lxGb' wd{df 5'jf5't 5}g, a|fx\d0fjfbn] blnt ;d:of k}bf
u/]sf] xf]Og eGg] egfOl;t tkfO{ ;xdt x'g'x'G5 <
– d k§s} ;xdt
5}g . ;j{k|yd a|fXd0fjfb s] xf] < o;af/] :ki6 x'g h?/L 5 . gj
cˆnfG6'gLo bz{g / ef/tLo bz{gsf ;+of]hgaf6 /x:ojfbL bz{gsf] hGd eof] .
/x:ojfbL bz{gsf] cg'ofoL– /fhf k|jfxg -O=k"= &))_ lyP . klxnf]
k6s k'/f]lxt kb Tofu]/ /fh kb ;DxfNg] qmddf :ju{, gs{, kfk, k'Go, k'/k'/f]df
n]lvPsf], hGd–k'gh{Gd, k"j{hGd, efUo cflb /x:ojfbL lrGtgsf] Jofjxfl/s
k|of]u u/]sf] kfOG5 . To;} tfsfb]lv lji0f' u2Lsf] cjwf/0ff, eujfgsf] c+z
geP /fhf aGb}g eGg] cjwf/0ff h]7f] 5f]/f /fhkbsf] pQ/flwsf/L cflb /x:ojfbL
sNkgfdf cfwfl/t lrGtgn] k|ltkfbg u/]sf] 5 . /fhf k|jfx0fnfO{ j|fx0fjfbsf
;+:yfks klg elgG5 csf]{lt/ j}lbs cfo{x?n] uf]7fnf hLjg Tofu]/ ;fdflhs hLjg
Joltt ug]{ qmddf sAhf ul/Psf b|lj8 d"n lgjf;Lx?nfO{ bf; agfP/ j]bdf
j0ff{>d Joj:yfsf] ;fdflhs ;+/rgf yfnlg u/], klxnf] k6s b'O{ >]0fL a|fXd0f
/ If]lqo, bf]>f] k6s a|fXd0f If]lqo /
j}Zo, t];|f] k6s a|fXd0f If]lqo, j}Zo z'b| >]0fLdf j0f{ ljefhg
ul/of] . j0ff]{Ggltsf] k|fjwfgn] ubf{ z'b| >]0fLdf sf]xL klg /xg dg
gu/]kl5 lxGb" wd{nfO{ ;'qa4 u/]/ dg':d[ltsf] /rgf ul/of] / z'b|
>]0fLdfly pRr >]0fLn] ug]{ sfd st{Jo ug{ gkfpg] k|ltaGw nufOof] .
s8f b08sf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] kfOG5 . o;/L ?l9jfbL cGwljZjf; cb[Zo b}jL
zlQmsf] sNkgf cflb lxGb' wd{ / /x:ojfbL lrGtgsf] ;d'lrt gfd g} a|fDx0fjfb
xf] . afx'gx?n] o;} lrGtgnfO{ 7uL vfg] xltof/sf ?kdf k|of]u ub}{ cfPsf /
To;sf] JofVof ug]{ k|flwsf/ klg a|fXd0fx?n] g} kfPsfn] a|fx0fjfbsf gfdn] k|Voft
ePsf] xf] . blnt ;d:ofsf] hGdbftf j0f{jfb, j0f{jfbsf] hGdbftf lxGb"
wd{ / lxGb' wd{ / ;fdGtL /fHo Joj:yfsf] kIfkf]ifs lrGtgwf/f a|fx0fjfb
xf] . k"j{hGds} kmnsf] ?kdf u|x0f ug{ nufpg' / dflg;n] slxNo} kl/jt{g
ug{ ;Qm}g eGg] ljZjf; wd{n] lbnfpg' lxGb" ;fdGtjfbsf] bfz{lgs cfwf/
xf] . hf] blnt ;d:ofsf] sf/stTj xf] . To;}nfO{ rf]Vofpg]
if8oGqsf/Lx?sf] egfO{ g} lxGb' wd{df 5'jf5't 5}g, a|fx0fjfbn] blnt ;d:of k}bf
u/]sf] xf]Og eGg] e|d l;h{gf u/fO/x]sf 5g\ .
blnt ;d'bfodf /x]sf] hfltut k]zf, lzk, snfsf]
cfw'lgsLs/0f ug]{af/] s] ug'{ knf{ <
– blnt
;d'bfodf ztfAbLof}+b]lv ub}{ cfPsf] hfltut k]zfsf ?kdf cfkm"n] hfg]sf]
lzknfO{ k|of]u u/]/ hLljsf]kfh{g ub}{ cfPsf lyP . d'n'sdf ljz'4 ;fdGtL
pTkfbg k|0ffnL /xFbf;Dd hfltut k]zf u/]/ hLjg lgjf{x ePsf] b]lvG5 / ha d'n'sleq
ljb]zL pBf]udf lgdf{0f ePsf dfn;fdfg lelqg yfn], hfltut k]zf ;+s6df kg{ uof],
7"nf] ;+Vofdf a]/f]huf/Lsf] cj:yf l;h{gf x'g uof] . cfkm";Fu lzk
x'Fbfx'Fb} klg cfly{s ljkGgtfsf sf/0fn] lghL kxndf cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ ;s]gg\ eg]
csf]{lt/ /fHon] pBf]u wGbf vf]n]/ cfw'lgs pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf ;fd"lxs
pTkfbgdf l;k / snfsf] ;b'kof]u / /f]huf/sf] Joj:yf ug{ ;s]g . klxnf]
;xsf/L pTkfbg k|0ffnLdf ;+ul7t u/]/ pgLx?sf] snf / lzksf] clea[l4 ug{ tflnd
cflb lbP/ pBf]u ;~rfng ul/g'k5{ .. bf]>f], JolQmut jf kf6{g/lzkdf
cfly{s ;xof]u / tflnd Joj:yf ldnfP/ lghL pBf]u k;n ;~rfng ug{df clek|]l/t
ul/g'k5{ ;fy} /fHon] pBf]uwGbf vf]n]/ pgLx?nfO{ cfjZos tflnd lbO{ pgLx?sf] lzk
/ snfsf] clea[l4 u/L cfw'lgsLs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 .
hg;Qfdf blnt ;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf / ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg s;/L
eO/x]sf] 5 <
– ljut *
jif{b]lv d'n'sdf ;~rflnt hgo'4sf] ljsf;n] d'n'ssf] clwsf+z u|fdL0f
e"–efudf g]kfnL hgtfn] Oltxf;df klxnf] k6s hgtfsf] hgjfbL ;Qfsf] cEof;
ul//x]sf] 5 . cfkm\g} ana'tfaf6 lgdf{0f hgd'lQm ;]gf / cfkm\g} pbLodfg
hg;Qfsf] cEof; ug]{ qmddf k|yd r/0fdf /fhg}lts, cfly{s / ;fdflhs sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf]
5 .
/fhg}lts
sfo{df k'/fgf] ?l9jfbL zf]if0f, bdg, 7uL, e|i6frf/L, sld;gvf]/L, anfTsf/L,
Aolerf/L zf]ifs–;fdGtsf] x}sd k"0f{?kn] cGTo ub}{ To;sf] ;§fdf hflt,
hghflt, dlxnf, blnt, dhb'/, ls;fg, ;]gf / kf6L{sf] ;dfg'kflts k|ltlglwTj ePsf]
hg;ldlt÷hg;/sf/ u7g ePsf] 5 . cfly{s sfo{df ;fd'lxs v]tL, ;xsf/L pBf]u
;xsf/L k;n ljkGg kl/jf/nfO{ /fxt, a]/f]huf/ / ;'s'Daf;LnfO{ /f]huf/ / k'gjf{;
cflb sfo{sf] yfngL k|f/lDes r/0fdf ePsf] 5 . ;fdflhs sfo{df dlxnfx?nfO{
k}t[s ;Dkltdf ;dfg clwsf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . k'?if ;/x ;dfgsfdsf] ;dfg
Hofnfsf] Joj:yf 5 . blnt ;d'bfonfO{ ;Qfdf tNnf] jfh;b]lv dflyNnf] lgsfo;Dd
;xefuL agfpg] gLlt cGtu{t hg;+Vofsf] cg'kftdf ljz]if clwsf/ dfkm{t ;Qfdf ;xefuL
agfOPsf] 5 eg] cGo ;d'bfol;t k|lt:kwf{ u/]/ klg cfpg] 5'6 5 . o;/L
/fhg}lts ;Qfdf k'u]/ cfkm\gf] af/]df cfkm} lg0f{o ug{ kfpg] clwsf/ blnt
;d'bfon] Oltxf;df klxnf] k6s kfPsf] 5 . ztfAbLof}b]lv k5fl8 kfl/Psf sf/0f
;Qfn] ;a} If]qdf ljz]if clwsf/ cGo ;d'bfo eGbf a9L yk clwsf/ lbg] Joj:yf
ul/Psf] 5 . hftkft 5'jf5'tnfO{ ck/fw 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . cfGtl/s
k+lQm ;dfhdf ldqtfk"0f{ tl/sfn] hgjfbL ;f+:s'lts lzIffsf] k|rf/ k|;f/0f
ul/ k"0f{ pGd"ng ug]{ / ju{ zq'x?l;t ;+3if{s} bf}/fgdf
hftkft–5'jf5'tsf] cGTo ug]{ . ?l9jfb / s§/ a|fx0fjfbL ;fdGt–zf]ifsnfO{
hgsf/jfxLåf/f e]befj d]6fpg] ul/Psf] 5 . df]8]n hg;Qfx?df 5'jf5't d'Qm
If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . lxhf] bxL–b"w blntnfO{ lb+bf ufO{–e};L+ ?v
r9\5g\ eGg] dfGotf af]s]sf] hgtfn] cfh efG5fdf a;fn]/ eft v'jfpF5g\ .
cGt/hftLo ljjfx ubf{ uf}/a 7fG5g\ eg] dxfg\ hgo'4n] blntnfO{ s's'/–lj/fnf] eGbf
k5fl8 kf/]sf] ;fdflhs ckdfgaf6 dflg;sf] :t/df NofOk'¥ofPsf] 5 .. cfwf/
Onfsfdf &% k|ltzt 5'jf5't x6]sf] 5 . afFsL @% k|ltzt hgjfbL ;f+:s[lts
cleofgn] l5§} lgld6\ofGg kfg]{ s'/fdf xfdL 9'Ss 5f}+ .
b]zsf]
jt{dfg ;d:ofsf] cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgsf;sf nflu g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ n] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/
/ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjfrgsf] gf/f cl3;f/]sf] 5 . o;df blnt df]rf{sf]
;xeflutf s:tf] x'g' knf{ <
– a[xb
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngåf/f ;a} kIfsf] /fhg}lts ;xdltsf] ldngljGb' ;+ljwfg ;ef
x'g'k5{ . cfhsf] j:t'jfbL / j}1flgs lgsf; o;af6 dfq lgSng ;S5 eGg] s'/f
xfd|f] blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf] 7x/ 5 .. o;jf6 dfq g]kfnL hgtf ;fj{ef}d ;Qf
;DkGg x'g]5 . /fi6« / :jtGq / :jfwLg eP/ ;+;f/df lrlgg]5 . ljut nueu
@%) jif{b]lv g]kfnL hgtfn] g]kfnsf zfxj+zLo /fhfx?nfO{ Psnf}6L clwsf/ pkef]u
ug{ lbPsf 5g\ . ca @! cf}+ ztfJbLdf /fhfn] hgtfnfO{ tL clwsf/ lkmtf{
ug'{k5{ . ;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\ ;xdltdf d"n wg dfq x'g;S5 . åGåsf]
l:ylt l;h{gf u/fOof] eg] Aofh ;d]t lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ l:ylt cfpg ;S5 . ljZjdf
nfvf}+ alnbfg lbP/ klg hgtfn] lht]sf Oltxf; 5g\ . hgtf dxfg\ x'g\, h;n]
3ªf?sf nf7Laf6 la|u]8:t/sf] cfw'lgs xltof/n] ;';lHht hgd'lQm ;]gf lgdf{0f
u¥of] . ef]ln cfjZos k/] leotgfdL hgtf aGg s'g} a]/ nfUb}g .
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] cl3 ;f/]sf Ph]08fsf] cf}lrTo ;fljt ug{ Jofks hgkl/rfng,
sf]0f;ef, uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;~rfng eO/x]sf 5g\ . /fli6«o
:t/sf] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf @% k|ltzt hg;+Vofsf] ?kdf /x]sf blntx?sf] plrt
k|ltlglwTj x'g'k5{ eGg] nfU5 .
cGtjf{tf{
/]zd rf}nfufO{+, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o, ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L
hgkl/ifb, g]kfn
b]zdf clxn] eO/x]sf] o'4lj/fd / jftf{–k|lqmofnfO{
tkfO{+n] s;/L x]l//xg'ePsf] 5 <
– b]zdf nfdf]
;dob]lv ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbsf] ks8 gof“ ?k / cfsf/df sfod /x“b} cfPsf] 5 .
cfh klg efiff, ln¨, hflt–hghflt, If]q Pjd\ ju{dfly bdg, zf]if0f, cGofo, cTofrf/
/ lyrf]ldrf] oyfjt\ 5 .. g]kfnL ;dfhdf JofKt tdfd vfnsf zf]if0f, cGofo,
cTofrf/sf lj?4 dxfg\ hgo'4 hf/L 5 / hgo'4n] g]kfnL hgtf / l;¨f] g]kfnsf]
k"0f{ d'lQmsf] cfzfsf] lbof]sf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . zf]lift–kLl8t /
pTkLl8t hgtfn] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] g]t[Tjdf rnfPsf] hgo'4nfO{ Pskl5 csf]{
5nf¨ xfGb} cfh zlQm;Gt'ngsf] ljGb'df cfOk'u]sf] 5 .
/0fg}lts zlQm
;Gt'ngsf] of] cj:yfdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ cToGt} lhDd]jf/Laf]wsf ;fy
jftf{–k|lqmofdf cfPsf] 5 . of] cj:yfdf b'a} kIfaLr o'4lj/fd eO{ b'O{
r/0fsf jftf{ ;d]t ;DkGg eO;s]sf 5g\ . jftf{af6} plrt /fhg}lts lgisif{
lgsfNg cu|ufdL af6f]df km8\sf] xfGg' clgjfo{ eO;s]sf] 5 .
– xfd|f] kf6L{n] jftf{sf] qmddf k|:6;“u
Ph]08fx? k]z ul/;s]s} 5 . xfdL d'n'ssf ;a} zlQmx?nfO{ ldnfP/ nfg
rfxG5f}+ . ;a}nfO{ dfGo x'g] Tof] ljGb' ;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\ gof“ ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f x'g;S5 . gof“ k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng,
cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] h'g Ph]08f xfd|f] kf6L{n] k]z u/]sf] 5, ToxL g}
cu|ufdL af6f] x'g ;S5 .
tkfO{+ clxn] ufp“–ufp“df /fhgLlts ultljlw ;~rfng ug{ ;lqmo b]lvg'x'G5, oL 7fp“x?df cGo /fhg}lts kf6L{x?sf] pkl:ylt s:tf] 5 <
– sxL+ st} Pdfn]sf sfo{stf{x?sf] ;fdfGo
pkl:ylt 5 . Pdfn]sf tNnf]:t/sf sfo{stf{x? klg xfd|f] cfGbf]ngk|lt cToGt}
;sf/fTds x'g'x'G5 . To;afx]s cGo kf6L{x?sf] pkl:ylt k|foM ;b/d'sfddf dfq}
;Lldt h:tf] b]lvG5 . tkfO{+n] b]lvxfNg'eof] ufp“df ljzfn hg;d'bfosf]
kª\lQm xfd|f] ;fyd} /x]sf] 5 .
;ª\s6sfnsf]
cjlwdf tkfO{+x? sxf“ /xg'eof] <
– xfdL hgtfs} aLrdf /x\of}+ . hgtfsf]
sfvdf /x]/ hgtfs} ;]jf u/]sf sf/0f clxn] klg xfdL ljzfn hgtfsf] ;fyd} /x]/
hg;]jf, hghfu/0f nufotsf cleofgdf ;lqmo 5f}+ .
!%
dlxg] ;ª\s6sfnsf] cjlwnfO{ s;/L d"Nofª\sg ug'{ePsf] 5 <
– b]zJofkL?kdf hgtflj?4 olt nfdf] cjlw;Dd
nufOPsf] ;+s6sfn ;fob g]kfnL Oltxf;d} klxnf] xf]nf . g]kfnL hgtfn] of]
cjlwdf w]/} kL8f vKg' k/]sf] 5 . To;}n] ;ª\s6sfnsf] Ps efu cToGt} kL8fbfos
5 eg] csf]{ efu xltof/sf] e/df o'4 lhTg ;lsG5 eGg] kmfl;:6 zf;sx?sf] e|d
rsgfr'/ ePsf] 5 . ;+s6sfns} cjlwdf pgLx?sf] clGtd ;}Go zlQm zfxL ;]gfn]
;d]t xf/]sf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ hg;]gfsf] kª\lQmdf jL/tf, alnbfg, ;fx; / zf}o{sf]
sLlt{dfg sfod x'g k'u]sf] 5 . To;}n] of] ;ª\s6sfn k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf lglDt
dxfsfn ;fljt ePsf] 5 . pgLx?n] u/]sf xhf/f}+ hglj/f]wL s's[To, xTof,
n"6, anfTsf/ nufotsf ck/fwx?sf sf/0f pgLx? gf¨]emf/ x'g k'u]sf 5g\ eg] cfd
hgtfdf hgtfsf] ;'/Iff / ;]jf ug]{ zlQm dfcf]jfbL dfq} xf] eGg] k|dfl0ft ePsf]
5 .
k"j{sf
oL If]qx?df ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbsf] pkl:ylt s:tf] /x]sf] 5 <
– ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifb, g]kfn
qmflGtsf] Ps ;fwg xf] . ;Qf ;~rfngsf] cEof;df ;d]t /x]sfn] :yfgLo ufp“
hg;ldlt x'“b} :yfgLo ;Qf;“u uf“l;Psf ljz]iftM ;fdflhs Gofo, lzIff, :jf:Yo, jg /
ljsf;–lgdf{0fsf sfddf ;l/s eO/x]sf 5f}+ . clxn] ufp“–ufp“df j}slNks ;Qf
rn]sf 5g\ / hgtfn] gof“ ;Qfsf] a]Un} cg'e"lt ug{ kfPsf 5g\ . To;}n]
;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L hgkl/ifbsf oL If]qx?df Jofks pkl:ylt /x]sf] 5 .
o; If]qdf
;/sf/L pkl:ylt s:tf] 5 <
– /fd]5fk lhNnfdf ;/sf/L e"ldsf
z"Go h:t} 5 . ;b/d'sfddf dfq pgLx? s]lGb|t 5g\ . ;b/d'sfdafx]s
;a} 7fp“df xfd|f] ;Qf ;~rflnt 5 .
tkfO{+
s]Gb|Lo hg;/sf/sf] ;b:o;d]t x'g'x'G5, xfn hg;/sf/sf of]hgfx? s]–s:tf 5g\ <
– tkfO{+n] xfd|f] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd;DaGwL
dxŒjk"0f{ b:tfj]hx? x]g'{ePsf] xf]nf . w]/} s'/f t Toxf“ pNn]v ul/Ps}
5g\ . clxn] xfdL hg;/f]sf/ /fVg] ;a} kIfx?df hgtfs} aLrdf a;]/ of]hgf
lgdf{0f ug]{ / hgtfs} ;fydf /x]/ To;sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ sfddf h'l6/x]sf
5f}+ .
tkfO{+x?sf]
kf6L{ / ;QfkIfaLr o'4lj/fd eO{ hf/L ePsf] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] o; If]qdf sfof{Gjog
s;/L ePsf] 5 <
– xfd|f] tkm{af6 cfrf/;+lxtfsf]
k"0f{?kdf kfngf ePsf] 5 t/ ;QfkIfaf6 cfrf/;+lxtfsf] pNn+3g u/L lu/km\tf/L,
vfgtnf;L nufotsf sfo{x? eO/x]sf 5g\ .
cGTodf
s]xL eGg'x'G5 ls <
– ufp“;Dd cfP/ xfd|f ljrf/x? cfd hgtfdfem k'¥ofpg'ePsf]df hgfb]z kl/jf/k|lt cfef/ JoQm u5f}{+ .