jL/ zxLb s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ ;Dembf
ljzfn v8\sf
ljZj ;j{xf/fju{sf]
Ps 6's8L g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+rflnt hgo'4n] s}of+} tuf/f]x?
kG5fp“b} ofjt r'gf}tLsf afah"b klg 5nf¨do 9+un] ;ft jif{ k"/f u/]sf]
5 . of] ;ft jif{] cjlwdf xhf/f}+ jL/ g]kfnL 5f]/f5f]/Lx?n] gof“–gof“
prfOdf P]ltxfl;s sLlt{dfg sfod ub{} cfºgf] k|f0fsf] pT;u{ u/]sf 5g\ . log}
xhf/f}+ zxLbx?sf] /Qm cfxfndf kf}8L v]Nb} hgo'4n] ;u/dfyfsf] lzv/ r'Dg nflu/x]sf]
5 . ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] cfb/ e"ldsf] ?kdf ca g]kfn lrlgg yfn]sf] 5 .
ljZjsf] ;jf{]Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyfsf] zL/df xl;of xyf}8f c+lst nfn em08f kmx/fpg
lx8]sf] Tof] jL/ ;k"t h;n] pRr ;Ddfghgs k|]/0ffk|b / cfbz{do
hLjgufyf 5f]8]/ ;u/dfyfem}+ pRr alnbfg ug{'eof] . ToxL jL/tf, ;fx; / ;f}o{tfn]
el/k"0f{ qmflGtsf/L lgi7fsf w/f]x/ zxLb s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ :d/0f ug{]
k|oTg ub{}5' .
cfh d
hLjgsf] clt g} c:jfefljs 38Ldf pleP/ snd rnfpb}5' . k/Gt' olt nfdf] ;do
ljlt;Sbf klg kTofpg eg] dnfO{ ufx|f] kl//x]sf] 5 . d}n] w]/}rf]6L 8fo/Lsf
kfgfx? kN6fP“, sndsf] gLanfO{ ltvf/], t/ xft eg] sflk/x\of] . dgdf b'ljwf
rln/x\of] . s] eg]/ ;Daf]wg ug{] < 36gfsf] jf:tljstfnfO{ s;/L kTofpg]
< cfkm"n] cfkm}nfO{ g} ;DxfNg ;lsg . efjgf eGg] lrh klg cgf}7f]
x'“bf]/x]5 . crDd;“u uf“lh/x]sf] 5 dnfO{ . ;f“Rr} dgel/
kL8fsf] clUg Hjfnf blGs/x]sf] 5 . 5ftLdf b'vsf] ux|'+uf] 9'+uf] c8\lsP em}+
eO/x]sf] 5 . /Qmhf]8Lsf] ljof]un] cfqmfGt 5 d]/f] cfTd . o; ;Dj]bgzLn
cj:yfsf] ;+uLg df]8df pleP/ d]/f] ;xf]b/ bfh'sf] ef}lts :j?knfO{ ælIflthsf] tf/fÆ
eg]/ :tlDet ub{} clg jxf“sf] clj/fd qmflGtsf/L lgi7fsf] hLjg ofqfnfO{ æw'|j
tf/fsf] k|sfz k'~hÆ sf] ?kdf k|ltljlDjt ub{} ef}lts ?kdf ;bfsf] nflu ljbf dfu]/
lrgf/Lsf] gof“ ;fOgf] hf]8\b} ;Daf]wgsf] gf}nf] kl/efiff vf]lh/x]sf] 5' .
olta]nf d}n] kmut /Qm cfkmGtsf] gftf x}l;otn] dfq ;Daf]wg ug{ vf]Hg' clg kfl/jfl/s
dfofhfn / j}olQms ;DaGwsf] h+hfnleq dfq jf:tljs hLjgsxflgsf] cy{ b]Vg' jxf“sf]
cd"No /utsf] dd{nfO{ 5'g g;Sg' / jxf“sf] jL/tfk"0f{ ufyfn] el/Psf]
;+slNkt alnbfgsf] ;u/dfyfnfO{ b]Vg g;Sg' g} xf] . To;}n] jxf“sf] /utsf]
6Lsf klx/]/ zxLbsf] ;Ddfg ug{'k5{ d}n] . j;'wfsf] Ps cf“rn dl§ prfn]/
jxf“sf cw'/f ;kgf k"/f ug{ jxf“n] g} lgb{]z u/]sf] af6f] kR5\ofpg] k|0f
ug{'k5{ d}n] .
gLnf]
uugsf tf/fx?nfO{ sfnf] afbnsf] d'Znf]n] If0fe/d} 9flslbg] / Ife/d} v'nfOlbg] u/]em}+
d]/f] efjgfsf] ;+;f/df klg To:t} Pp6f sfnf] afbnsf] kf]Ssf d8fl/+b} 5 .
olta]nf dgsf] uug cfqmf]zn] r6\ls/x]sf] 5 . / efjgfsf] afbn kL8fn]
56\kl6+b} kfgL ag]/ /f]O/x]sf] 5 . ljiffn' kL8fsf clUg cfsNg gogsf d]lzgx?n]
c“>'sf vx/]x? 5'6fp“b} st{Jo k"/f ub}{5g\ . olta]nf h'g d]/f]
lgoGq0f / sfa'eGbf aflx/sf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . cfh jxf“sf] cefjdf /ljsf
t]lhnf /lZdx? klg Kofpnf / lgVofp/f em}+ b]lvPsf 5g\ . l;+uf] kf6L{k+lQm g}
ddf{xt ag]sf] 5 . em'k8Lsf ul/a hgtfn] 6'x'/f] ePsf] cfTdfg'e"lt ub{}5g\ .
zfob k|ltlqmofjfbL zf;ssf dxnx?df v'zLsf ef]het]/ klg xf]nfg\ . olta]nf d
aGb sf]7fdf y'lgP klg d]/f cf“vfdf dxfdfgj >4]o bfh'sf] t:jL/ gflr/x]sf] 5 .
jxf“;“usf] c7f/ jif{ nfdf] ;xsfo{tfsf lbgx? 3'ld/x]sf 5g\ d]/f] lbdfudf .
dnfO{ nfU5 d]/f] cfTdLo ;fyL / cleefjs Ps}k6s u'd]sf] 5 . h;n] dnfO{
cf}krfl/s lzIffsf sv/fb]lv Jofjxfl/s lbgrof{ / ;fdflhs st{Josf] uf]/]6f]
b]vfp“b} ;j{xf/fjfbL ljZj b[li6sf]0fk|lt clek|]l/t u/fof], p;}nfO{ cfh u'dfpg'
k¥of] . oL t efjgfsf] kIf eof] . efjgf / ljrf/sf] åGåfTds ;DaGw /
sfo{ x'G5g\ eg]/ dnfO{ bfh'n] l;sfpg' ePsf] 5 . …hxf“ efjgfsf] hudf
ljrf/ lgdf{0f / ljsf; x'g] tyf ljrf/n] efjgfnfO{ kl/:s[t kfg{] of] g} efjgf /
ljrf/sf] åGåfTds ;DaGw / sfo{ x'g\ . oxL k|lqmofdf ljljw efjfj]ux? hGdg]
tyf ltgnfO{ kf/ub{} dflg;x? cl3 a9\b5g\Ú eg]/ dnfO{ Pp6f lr7Ldf pNn]v ug{'ePsf]
lyof] . To;}n] olta]nf aGw' ljof]usf] kL8f dfq x}g abnf efjsf] cfqmf]lzt
Hjfnf klg blGs/x]sf] 5 ddf . ;'of]Uo g]tf, sd{7 of]4f, s'zn sdf08/ clg c;n
cleefjs u'dfp“bf zf]sdUgdfq ag]sf] 5}g, lhDd]jf/Laf]w uDotfsf] klg dx;'; eO/x]sf]
5 . jxf“n] xfdL kl/jf/hg / kf6L{k+lQmsf] d'6' r'8fP/ dfq hfg' ePsf] 5}g,
l;+uf] ;j{xf/fju{sf] d'6'sf] 9's9'sL ag]/ Xbosf] leqL l;+xf;gdf hLjGt lj/fhdfg
x'g' ePsf] 5 . /QmcfkmGt / sfo{stf{x?nfO{ 6'x'/f] agfP/ jxf“sf] ef}lts
z/L/ dlSsP klg jxf“sf zfxl;s / jL/tfk"0f{ ufyfn] el/Psf] cfbz{do alnbfgn]
jxf“ ;f“Rr} rlDsnf] tf/fsf] ?kdf g} rlDs/xg'ePsf] 5 . /, k|]/0ffbfos
k|sfz 5/]/ b'lgof“nfO{ pHofnf] agfO/xg'ePsf] 5 .
jxf“sf]
jRkg klg clt g} pb]s nfUbf] kf/fsf] lyof] . snf, kf}/v / ;fx;n] el/Psf] .
:jefjdf Tolt g} cg's/0fLo cg]stfM lzi6, ;Eo, eb|, zfnLg / b'Zdg;fd' k|ltsf/fTds
lgVv/tf . ;dfh;]jL sfo{df tTk/tf / rdTsf/Lk"0f{ sfo{df clt g} Jou|tf
jxf“sf] jfNosfnb]lvs} ljz]iftf x'g\ . ;fg} pd]/df klg ul/ax?nfO{ cfºg}
3/af6 jf c? s;}sfaf6 rf]/]/} eP klg k'¥ofOlbg] jxf“sf] jfndgl:yltdf /x]sf]
qmflGtsf/L ;dfg efjsf] cfwf/lznf lyof] . kfl/jfl/s ;d:of jf 3/ j/k/ 6f]nsf
em}emu8f d"ns ;d:ofx?sf] lgsf;sf nflu jxf“n] b]vfpg] tTk/tf eljZodf ljsf;
x'g;Sg] cfwf/, b"/blz{k"0f{ / s'zn g]t[Tjbfos Ifdtfsf] ;+s]tx? lyP .
@)@* ;fn ebf} !) ut] h'u' ^ bf]nvfdf hGdg' ePsf] jxf“n] lgDg dfWolds tx;Dd cfºg}
ufp“sf] :s"ndf cWoog ug{'eof] . h]7f] bfh' 1fgaxfb'/ v8\sfsf]
g]t[Tjdf lhNnfs} v'+vf/ ;fdGt bnaxfb'/ v8\sfnfO{ @)#* df ;kmfof ul/of] / ;f]xL
cleof]udf jxf“nufot ufp“sf nueu ^)–&) hgfnfO{ d'2f nufOof] / !* hgfnfO{
h]n xflnof] klg . Jofks ls;fgsf] ;xeflutfdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{jfxLdf bz jif{]
l/taxfb'/ v8sf h;sf] lhDd]jf/L 8f“8fdf a;]/ ;';]Nb} Ozf/f ug{] lyof] .
kl5 @)$@ ;fndf bfh' 1fgaxfb'/ v8\sfsf] h]nd} k~rfotL tfgfzfxn] xTof u¥of] .
bfh'sf] /ut / ;dfhk|ltsf] alnbfg g} /fhg}lts k|]/0ffsf] ;|f]t xf] . d}n]
cem} klg tfhf?kdf :d/0f ul//x]sf] 5' b]jL lbbL / d bfh'sf] ljx] cfp5 eg]/ /dfO/x]sf
lyof}+ 3/df, hxf“ cem ;a} hgf rl/sf]6lt/ hfg' ePsf] lyof] . xfdL lbbL
efOnfO{ 3/ s'g{ /flvPsf] lyof] . :yfgLo km6fxfx?n] xfdLnfO{ bfh'sf] nf; /
dnfdL b]vfp“b} ljx] xf] eg]/ k9fPsf lyP . xfdL To;}nfO{ kTofP/ /dfO/x]sf
lyof}+ . PSsf;L l/taxfb'/ bfh' cfpg' eof] / dnfO{ c+ufnf] df/]/ a]:;/L ?g'
eof] . jf:tjdf km6fxfx?sf] k]nfOaf6 l;lh{t tL c;|'sf wf/fx?n] g} jxf“nfO{
qmflGtsf/L hLjgz}nLk|lt cu|;/ / lgi7fjfg agfO/x]sf lyP Tolta]nf .
a[4 a'af–cfdf
/ cfkmGthgx?sf] cf“z'sf] ;fu/ clg /Qmhf]8Lsf] /utsf] aLraf6 hGd]sf] hfHjNodfg
qmflGtsf/L of]4f x'g'x'GYof] jxf“ . k~rfot lj/f]wL cfGbf]ngdf dfWoflds
txdf k9\b} ubf{ lh/L df=lj=af6 Pp6f Onfsfsf] g]t[Tj ug{' ePsf] lyof] . k6s
k6s lx/f;tdf lnO{ bflxg] gf8Lsf] xf8 ef“lRrO{ h]nsf] oftgf lbP klg cljrlnt ?kdf
hgcfGbf]ngsf] kIfdf pleg' eof] . sDo'lgi6sf] gfd / em08f af]s]/
k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf] tn'jf rf6\g] ;+zf]wgjfbL Pdfn]n] jxf“nfO{ Tolta]nf;Dd
e|ddf kf¥of] hlta]nf;Dd jxf“n] @)$& df tfTsflng hgdf]rf{sf] ;Dks{ kfpg'
ePg . jxf“n] ;+zf]wgjfbLx?;“u 7"nf] ;+3if{ ug{'eof] bf]nvfdf .
cfºgf] jfNosfnb]lv g} /fhgLltk|lt nfnflot hLjgnfO{ )%@ kmfu'g ! ut] hgo'4sf]
z+v3f]if ug{'k"j{ lhNnf ;8s ljefudf /x]sf] $@,))) yfg l86f]g]6/ sAhf ug{]
sfjf{xLdf ;xefuL eO{ dxTjk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L lgjf{x u/L uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
sf] lhDd]jf/ sfo{stf{sf] x}l;otn] cfkm"nfO{ b]z / b'lgof“k|lt ;dflxt
ug{'eof] . Oltxf; g} ltg} JolQmx?sf] x'g] u5{, h;n] xf“;Lxf“;L b]z /
b'lgof“sf] lglDt cfºgf] hLjgsf] cfx'lt lbg] tTk/tf b]vfp5g\ . jL/x?
b[9tfk"j{s n8\5g\, sfo/x? 3'“8f 6]S5g\ / u2f/x?n] wf]sf lbG5g\ .
oxL s'/fnfO{ jxf“n] hLjgsf] d"n s;lsf] ?kdf cfTd;ft ug{'eof] .
kmn:j?k cfkm"leq / aflx/sf ;a}vfn] v/faLsf lj?4 lgd{dtfk"j{s h'Wb} Ps
cfbz{ k'?ifsf] ?kdf hLpg'eof] . )%$ df3df Pdfn]sf] ;'/fsL / kxndf g} jxf“
lu/ºtf/L kg{'eof] . ToxL )%$ d+l;/ @!–@% ut];Dd xfdL sf7df8f}+df ;“u}
a;]sf lyof}+ . w]/} s'/f u/]sf lyof}+ . k/Gt', jxf“;“usf] cltl/Qm
ef}lts e]6 g} ToxL aGof] d]/f] nflu . kl5 )%% sflt{s !% ut] jxf“n]
b'Zdgsf kx/f tf]8\b} xTs8L;lxt kf6L{ ;Dks{df k'u]/ Tof] ;fxl;s Oltxf;sf] z'qkft
ug{'eof] eg] ToxL sflt{s @$ ut] cf]vn9'+ufdf b'Zdgsf] sAhfdf d k/] . To;kl5
jxf“sf cf]h:jL ljrf/ / dfu{lgb{]zs k|lzIf0f klqsfsf] dfWodaf6 / s]jn zAbdf dfq
b]Vg kfP“ .
d ;fg}
x'“bf pxf“ e"ldut z}nLsf af/]df s'/f ug{' x'GYof] . @)$^–)$&
lt/ cfkm" /f]Nkf ?s'ddf uP/ sfd ug{] eGg' x'GYof] . d rflx+ ;“u}
n}hfg'k5{ eg]/ k|:tfj /fVy]+ . t“ ;fg} 5; eg]/ ;Demfpb} 7'nf] ePkl5
;“u} n}hfg], ;“u} n8\g], ;“u} dg{] xf] eg]/ ;Demfpg' ef] . dnfO{
lrGtf nfUYof] s]xL u/L jxf“nfO{ b'Zdgn] e]6\of] eg] < jxf“ eGg' x'GYof]–
æ;'?ª vg]/ efUg'k5{ lg sf] a:5 / h]ndfÆ dnfO{ s]xL ;fGTjgf ldNof] . t/
jf:tljstf ToxL eof] . jxf“sf] lxDdt / ;fx;n] el/Psf] z/L/nfO{ b'Zdgsf] ;a}eGbf
zlQmzfnL ‰ofnvfgf s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/n] klg 5]Sg ;s]g . jxf“n] cfºgf] o'4
;fdYo{ b]vfO{ 5f8\g' eof] . jfNosfnsf sfNklgs l;4fGtnfO{ Jojxf/df ptf/L
5f8\g' eof] . To;kl5 t jxf“sf] ;fxl;s sbdb]lv b'Zdg emg} cQflnO{ uof] eg]
jxf“df hf“u/, :km"lt{ / pd+u el/of] . h;n] kf6L{sf] of]hgf
sfof{Gjog ug{] ;jfndf kf6L{leqsf] v/fa k|j[lQ, ljz]iftM k"jL{ If]qdf
cfnf]sk|j[lQ;“u h'Wg] ;jfndf jxf“sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xg'sf] ;fy}
;f+u7lgs, /fhg}lts / kmf}hL bIftfsf] a[l4 ePsf] s'/f kf6L{sf] @)%& df3
kmfu'gdf ;DkGg bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] jxf“nfO{ s]Gb|Lo ;b:odf r'Gg'n] g}
:ki6 kfb{5 . jxf“ kf6L{sf] dxTjk"0f{ lhDd]jf/Ldf k'u]sf] nuQ} hglbzf
b}lgsdf Pp6f ;+:d/0f n]Vg' ePsf] lyof] . hxf“ jxf“n] eGg' ePsf] lyof]–
…dfS;{jfb, n]lggjfb, dfcf]jfb / k|r08kyn] ;z:q ;lHht cr's ad 5ftLdf Rofk]/
b'Zdgsf] lsNnfdf k8\lsg cft'/ lyof}+ . k|r08kynfO{ g]kfnL df6f]df /f]k]/ /utn]
l;+lrt ug{ nfnflot ===== lyof}+ .Ú s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7s sIfaf6 aflxl/bfsf]
efj xf] of] l;+uf] s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf] . o;n] s] s'/fsf] k'li6 ub{5 eg] g]kfnL
ju{;+3if{sf] df}lnstfdf ljsl;t k|r08kysf] Jojxfl/s k|of]usf nflu s]Gb|Lo :t/sf
g]t[Tjk+lQmsf] klg cd"No /Qmbfgsf] cfjZos 5 . xf] pxf“n] qmflGtn]
dfu]sf] dxTjk"0f{ /Qmsf]6f )%( c;f/ @ ut] /f}tx6df r'Qmf ug{'eof] .
o;/L h]ndf /xbf klg dnfO{ cem} wLt d/]g eGg] efjsf l;h{gfx? /Rg] jxf“sf]
hLjgofqf cToGt} tLj| ljB'tLo ultdf cl3 a9\of] / 5f]6f] cjlwd} ;a}nfO{ z"Go
kf/]/ 6'+luof] klg . g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] uugdf lg:s]sf] rlDsnf] tf/f k|tfk eP/
l5§} pbfof] . t'?Gt} em¥of] t/ ;'gf}nf] laxfgLsf] ;+s]t lbP/ . cfh d
jxf“ ;'Tg' ePsf] s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/sf] pxL cf]5\ofgdf a;]/ jxf“k|lt ;+slNkt
k|lta4tfsf efjd"ns cIfl/o h'n';x? rnfO/x]sf] 5' . Oltxf;sf dxfg\
dfG5]x? ltg} aGg] u5{g\ h;n] cfºgf ;Dk"0f{ OR5f cfsf+Iffx?nfO{ /fi6«sf
cfjZostf / OR5f;“u Psfsf/ ug{ ;S5g\ . ltg} dfG5]x? >4f ug{ of]Uo / ;Ddfg
ug{ nfos x'G5g\, h;n] b]z / b'lgofsf] nflu cfºgf] cd"No /Qmbfg ug{ ;S5g\ .
xf], cfh s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sfn] cfºgf] cd"No /ut l;+lrt u/]/ chDj/L d[To'j/0f
ug{' ePsf] 5 . cn ljbf k"j{sf] rlDsnf] tf/f– k|tfk .
s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/, sf7df8f}+