gof“ gd"gf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tflnd Ps cg'e"lt
— jL/hLt
jt{dfg ;fdGtL ;dfhdf dfgj hLjg / dfgj
;Eotf;“u hf]l8Psf] :jf:Yo h:tf] dxTjk"0f{ ljifo g} cToGt pk]lIft 5 .
h;sf] kl/0ffd k|To]s jif{ %% xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf d[To' eO/x]sf] 5 . ;/;kmfOsf]
cefj, dft[ tyf lzz' :ofxf/df r]tgfsf] sld, ¿l9ut ljrf/, k'/fgf] k/Dk/fut pkrf/
ljlw, j}1flgs pkrf/ k|0ffnLsf] cefj, ;Lldt >f]t–;fwg klg cToGt dx“¨f] /
ul/aL cflb sf/0f g} x'g\ . jif]{lg a9\b} hfg] d[To'b/sf …pkrf/ ug'{eGbf
/f]u g} nfUg glbg' a'l4dflg xf]Ú h:tf cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo lzIffdf ;a}nfO{
k|lzlIft tyf ;r]t u/fPsf] eP / …Ps 6f]n, Ps :jf:Yo sfo{stf{Ú pTkfbg u/L cfjZos
;'ljwf;lxt hg;]jfdf nufPsf] eP jif]{lg al9/x]sf] csfnsf d[To'b/nfO{ :jefljs
¿kdf sfd ug{ ;lsg] lyof] . lzIffnfO{ lghLs/0f / Jofkf/Ls/0f gug]{ xf] /
;j{;'ne lzIff gLlt clVtof/ u/]df c;Dejsf] ljifo /xg]5 eGg] k'li6 xfn} g]=s=kf=
-dfcf]jfbL_ klZrd sd08 cGt/ut If]qLo :jf:Yo ljefu ljz]if Ao"/f] cGt/ut
b'O{ dlxg] …gof“ gd"gf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{Ú tflnd ;DkGg ePaf6 k'li6
x'G5 . h;df ;j} ljifox¿df cfwf/e"t tflnd lbOPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ yk
tflndsf] Joj:yf (Refrasar) lbP/ CMA
:t/;Dd n}hfg] of]hgfsf;fy of] tflndsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] xf] . clgjfo{ cf7
sIff pQL0f{sf] dfkb08 /flvPsf]df B.Sc. B.Ed. ;Ddsf] pkl:ylt lyof] . lzIff:t/df
7"n} leGgtf b]lvPtf klg s;}df cf8Dj/ / lxgtfsf] ;§f ;a} pTs6 lh1f;faf6
clek|]l/t ePsf] kfOof] .
;+;f/d}
cf7 sIff / :gfts n]jn Pp6} sIffdf, ;/ntf / ;xhtfsf;fy cWoog u/]sf] 36gf
la/n} kfpg ;lsG5 . dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kyn] cf]tk|f]t ePsf xfd|f sfo{stf{ dxfg\
hgtfn] c:jefljs nfUg] lrhnfO{ :jfefljs agfP/ gof“ gd"gfsf] ¿kdf ljZj hutdf
k]z ul//x]sf 36gfx¿dWo] of] klg Ps x'g ;S5 . of] tflnddf dlxnfx¿sf]
;xeflutf klg cToGt pT;fxk|b /x\of] . lkt[;QfTds lxGb' a|fx\d0fjfbL ;+:sf/
/ ;fdGtjfbL ;Qfsf] bf]xf]/f] zf]if0fsf] hf“tf]df lklN;Psf cfwf If]q cf]u6]sf
pTkLl8t g]kfnL dlxnfx¿n] cfkm\gf] d'lQmsf] dfu{ /fd|};“u klxrfg ul/;s]sf]n] ;a}
If]qdf cfkm\gf] pkl:ylt /fd|};“u b]vfPsf 5g\ . ;]gfsf] If]qdf nfU5 ;+;f/s}
Oltxf;df cu|Ld / cu|0fL e"ldsf b]lvG5, To;}n] ;+u7gsf] If]qdf / xfn ;~rfng
ePsf gof“ gd"gf :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tflnddf klg ck]Iffs[t ;xeflutfn] g]kfnL
qmflGtdf dlxnfx¿sf] ckf/ ;xeflutf g} Ps ljz]iftf b]lvG5 . o;df ;a}
hfthflt, If]q, ln¨af6 ;Dej eP;Dd ;dfg'kflts ¿kdf ;xeflu u/fpg] nIf cg';f/sf]
;xeflu lyof] . g]=s=kf= -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;+rfng u/]sf] hgo'4 uf}/jdo Oltxf;
af]Sb} & jif{dfg} /0fgLlts zlQm;Gt'ngsf] of] ljlzi6 r/0f;Dd cfOk'Ug'sf]
d'Vo sf/0f ;a} ju{, hflt, ln¨, If]qsf] ;Qfdf ;dfg'kflts ;xeflutf /
cfTdlg0f{o;lxtsf] :jfoQtf g} xf] eGg] k'li6 x'G5 . 5f]6} cjlwdf s/f}8f}+
hgtfdfemdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] pkl:ylt o;}sf] Bf]ts xf] .
of] gLlt xfd|f] tflnddf klg nfu' ul/Psf]
lyof] . h;sf sf/0f k|lzIffyL{df cfPsf] ;Gt'li6 of] Pp6f lyof] .z
lgMzt{ / lgM:jfy{ b]znfO{ s;/L cfTdlge{/
jgfpg ;lsG5 eGg] hggLlt k'/fgf] /fHo ;Qf;+u ePsf]eP @#$ jif{ ;Dd Psnf}6L ;Qfsf]
jfu8f]/ ;dfn]sf] ;fdGtL ;Qfsf] of] xljut x'g] lyPg . cfd g]kfnL pTkLl8t
hgtfsf] bf]xg ug]{ / ;Lldt d'¶Le/ ju{sf] kIf kf]if0f ug]{ gLlts} sf/0f cfh
:jf:Yo If]q cToGt} h/h/ cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . oltj]nfsf] @ dlxg} cfwf/e"t
:jf:Yo tflndsf] cg'ejn] s/f]8f}sf] nufgLaf6 lgld{t ejg / lzIffdf nfvf}sf]
nufgLaf6 dfq lzIff xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] dfGotfnfO{ tf]l8lbPsf] 5 .
dfcf] eGg'x'G5 …hgtfsf ljZjljBfno ufp“
g} x'gÚ eGg] pbuf/ olta]nf rl/tfy{ ePsf] 5 . xfdLn] ufp“s} nfn em'k8LnfO{
lzIf0f c:ktfn jgfPsf lyof}+ . Ps} k6s %& hgfsf] ;+Vofdf tflnd ;+rfng
ePsf] lyof] .. hglzIf0f ck:tfnsf] ejgdf xfd|f] s'g} vr{ nfu]g .
a'h'{jfx?sf] cgfjZos s/f]8f}+sf] ejgdf nufgL of] :jf“u / kfv08Lkg xf] eGg]
tYon] b]vfp“5 . ;f/ ejg xf]Og of] t ¿k dfq xf], ;f/ t lzIff xf] .
To;}n] ejgsf sf/0f lzIffaf6 j+lrt u/fpg' unt gLlt / of]hgf g} xf] . cfjZos
bIf hgzlQm / pko'Qm ;fdfu|L 5 eg] kfn 6f“u]/} eP klg lzIffnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg
;lsG5 .
To:t} lzIffnfO{ gLlhs/0f / Jofkfl/s0f
gu/fpg] xf] / /fHon] lgz'Ns lzIff gLlt agfpg] xf] eg] nfvf}+ vr{sf] cfjZostf
kbf]{/x]g5 eGg] tYo klg o;} tflndaf6 l;4 x'G5 . oltj]nf k|lt JolQm !&
;o dfq vr{ nfUof] . of] cgf}7f] nfUg ;S5 t/ of] jf:tljstf xf] .
/f]6L, l9+8f] vfP/ 3/sf] j/08fdf ;'t]/, r6fO{ cf]5ofP/ sDjn cf]9]/ 6'ls afn]/
klg lzIff cfh{g ug{ ;ls+bf]/x]5 . o;/L k9\bf lbdfudf gr9g], 1fg} lng
g;lsg], k|z:t vr{ / cfln;fg dxndf a:g} kg]{, dL7f]–dL7f] :jflbnf] vfgf vfg}
kg]{, clgdfq 1fg lng ;lsg] eGg] lgtfGt a'h'|jf k'“hLjfbL lrGtg xf] .
b]zsf] hLjg:t/ dfly p7]sf] eP of] gsfg]{ ljifo xf]Og t/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] hLjg:t/
;+;f/s} bf]>f] bl/b|td\ d'n'sdf bh{ ePsf] cj:yf Psflt/ 5 eg] xfd|f] lzIff
gLlt gLlh k|fylds / lg=df=lj=df egf{ x'“bf z'Ns @)÷#) xhf/ / af]8{; vr{ &÷*
xhf/ k|ltdlxgf a'emfpg' kg]{ Psflt/ 5 eg] ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿ a9L pk]lIft / pbf;Lg
cj:yfdf 5g\ .
g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfly{s cj:yf hLjg:t/ sl7g
9+un] Psflt/ u'lh|/x]sf] 5 eg] xfnsf] lzIff gLlt cToGt dxª\uf] aGb} uPsf]
5 . o;n] rsf]{ cGt/lj/f]wn] x/]s If]qsf] lj:tf/ / ljsf; s;/L ;Dej 5 .
ljsf;sf] ultdf cj¿4 x'gsf sf/0fx¿ o:t}
cj:yfjfbL gLlts} sf/0f x'g .
csf]{ pbfx/0fLo cg'ej lyof]– k|lzIfs /
k|lzIffyL{ b'j}df s'g} leGtf gx'g' . juL{o efjgf, rfxgf / nIo Pp6} ePkl5
pr–gLr h:tf] 5'b| lrGtg ;txdf cfpg] 7f“p g} x'“bf]/x]g5 .
;du|df x]bf{ ;e{;'ne hglzIff gLlt ePdf
k|lt3/ Ps :jf:Yo sfo{stf{ tof/ kfg{ ;lsg] / lhNnfdf dfq ;Lldt ge} uflj;–uflj;df
Ps ;Ifd 8fS6/ k'¥ofpg ;xh} ;lsg] b]lvG5 .
t/
lj8Djgf ljzfn u|fdL0f If]qdf clwsf+z hgtfsf nflu …8fS6/ rl/sf] b'wÚ cyjf
…cfsfzsf] kmn cf“vf t/L d/Ú ePsf] 5 . 8fS6/ hxf“ 5g\ Toxf“ c;fWo dx“uf
5g\ . ;a} ;fdfGosf] kx'“reGbf 6f9f 5g\ .. x]Ny cl;:6]G6;Dd klg sltko
lhNnfdf @÷# hgf dfq 5g\ . ;L=Pd=P= Ps uflj;df Ps hgf;Dd d'l:sn}n]
k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 . of] ;fdGt bnfn tyf gf]s/zfxL k"“hLjfbL Joj:yfsf]
s'¿k ¿ksf] lgs[i6 gd"gf geP/ c¿ s] x'g;S5 . To;}n] dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf]
cfnf]sdf lgld{t, x'ls{b} / ljsf; x'“b} uPsf] gof“ hgjfbL k|lt:kwf{Tds j}1flgs
Jojxf/af6 dfq hglzIff gLlt ;Dej 5 eGg] oL y'k|} tYoaf6 k'i6L x'G5 . q