ljrf/hut\
qmflGt M Ps rrf{
– ls/0f
qmflGt
Tof] k|lqmof xf], h;df k'/fgf]sf] Wj+; / gof“sf] :yfkgf x'G5 . k|s[lt,
dfgj–;dfh / lrGtg x/]s If]qsf] lglDt qmflGt Ps P]ltxfl;s clgjfo{tf xf] .
s;}n] of] s'/f cfTd;ft\ u/f];\ jf gu/f];\, Oltxf;sf] afWotf of] 5 ls qmflGt
eP/} 5f8\5 . k'/fgf]sf] Wj“;;“u} gof“sf] lgdf{0f eO/x]s} x'G5 . bf;
o'unfO{ ;fdGtL o'un] 9flnlbof], ;fdGtL o'unfO{ k"“hLjfbL o'un] 9flnlbof] /
cfh k"“hLjfbnfO{ ;fd|fHojfbn] 9fNb}5 . Oltxf;sf] of] k|jfxnfO{ s;}n]
/f]Sg ;St}g . Tof] /f]s]/ ?Sb}g .
k'/fgf]sf] Wj+;
/ gof“sf] lgdf{0f j:t'ut cfjZostf xf] . k|s[ltdf of] :jtM eO/xG5 .
k/Gt' dfgj ;dfhsf] Oltxf;df k'/fgf]sf] Wj+; / gof“sf] lgdf{0fsf] lglDt ;r]tg
kIfsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /xG5 . wf]Gb|f] ?v Pslbg cjZo} 9N5,
k/Gt' To;nfO{ sf6]/ l5§} 9nfpg ;lsG5 . lzlz/df jgsf kx]+nf kft Ps lbg cjZo}
em/]/ ;lsG5g\, k/Gt' cf“wLn] To;nfO{ l5§} emfl/lbG5 . To:t} h+unsf] 3';fg
Ps lbg cjZo} ;8]/ hfG5, t/ cfuf]n] To;nfO{ l56} eid kfl/lbG5 .. k'/fgf]
o'unfO{ vtd kf/L gof“ o'usf] lgdf{0fsf nflu cfTdut zlQmn] 7Ls oxL e"ldsf
v]Nb5 . qmflGt zAb ;'Ggdf ax't} dL7f] / ax't} Kof/f] x'G5 . qmflGtsf
s'/f ubf{ ax't} cfgGb cfp“5 . t/, Jojxf/df eg] Tof] ax't} hl6n / sl7g
b]lvG5 . b'lgof“df s}of}+ rLhsf algagfp af6f x'G5g\, t/ qmflGtsf] s'g}
algagfpm af6f] x'“b}g . k|ltlqmofjfbL tyf cj;/jfbLx?sf lglDt ;x;| af6f
x'G5g\ . /fhdfu{, uf]/]6f, 3f]/]6fx? x'G5g\ .. t/, qmflGtsf lglDt
sxL+ s'g} algagfpm af6f x'“b}gg\ . p;n] cud eL/sGb/fdf 8f]a vg]/
lx8\g'k5{, Hofgsf] afhL /fv]/ ofqf ug{'k5{ . pm u'8\g'k5{, pm
p8\g'k5{ . algagfpm af6f]af6 qmflGtsf] :ju{df slxNo} k'Ug ;lsGg .
qmflGtsf] dL7f]
/ ;'Gb/ :ju{nfO{ cgluGtL /fIf;x?n] kmnfdsf] h+uL kvf{n v8f u/L 3]l//fv]sf
x'G5g\ . Tof] kvf{nsf] ;'/Iffsf vflt/ /fIf;sf bnfnx?n] km]l/ csf{] h+uL
sf“8]tf/sf] af/ nufPsf x'G5g\ . ha qmflGtsf/Lx? tL sf“8] tf/ / kmnfd]
kvf{n tf]8\b} cl3 a9\g yfN5g\, Tof] a]nf pgLx?nfO{ /f]Sgsf nflu km]l/ cfºg}
k+lQmdf h+uL kvf{n / sf“8] tf/ v8f x'G5g\ . qmflGtsf] :ju{df k'Ugsf nflu
tLg–tLg cf]6f k|an cj/f]wx?sf] ;fdgf ug{'kg{] l:ylt cfp“5 . Tof] a]nf
qmflGt lgs} uDeL/ ljifo aGg k'U5 .
qmflGtsf]
af6f]df kfOnf /fVg] ljlQs} b'Zdgsf] s8f bdg, oftgf / cft+s ef]Ug'k5{ .
JolQmut ;DklQ, kl/jf/ / dL7f] lhGbuLsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;kgf Wj:t x'G5 . d[To'sf]
j/0f ug{'k5{, lhGbuLnfO{ cw/df n6\sfpg'k5{ . Tof] a]nf qmflGtnfO{ zAbdf
dL7f] / /dfOnf] 7fGg]x? lgs} eoeLt Pj+ cft+lst aGg k'U5g\ . qmflGtsf
s}of}+ ;xofqLx?n] aLrd} af6f] 5f]l8lbG5g\ . s'g} a]nf t o:tf] l:ylt cfp“5
;Rrf qmflGtsf/Lx?n] em08} Psfª\sL aGg'kg{] x'G5 .
ha qmflGt ljhoL
aGb} hfG5, Tof] a]nf qmflGtnfO{ kR5ofpg]x? cgluGtL x'G5g\ . d[t nf;x? o;/L
cufl8 cfp“5g\ ls dfgf}+ pgLx? plxNo}b]lv hLljt} lyP . eu'jfx? o;/L k]z
x'G5g\ ls dfgf}+ tL o'4sf] d}bfgdf lgs} axfb'/Lsf ;fy nl8/x]sf lyP . ha
qmflGtsf] k/fho x'“b} hfG5, Tof] a]nf tL ;a o;/L efUb} ;/fKb} d';fsf] b'nfdf
k:b5g\ ls dfgf}+ pgLx?sf] qmflGtsf/Lx?l;t slxNo} s'g} klg k|sf/sf] ;DaGw}
lyPg . ljhoL qmflGtsf] efu vf]:g / k/fhodf ;/fKb} lx8\g vKkL; lsRrsx?sf]
b'lgof“sf] s'g} klg efudf sdL x'Gg .
t/, Oltxf;n]
hLljt nf; / sfo/x? dfq x}g, cgluGtL jL/ jL/f+ugf klg hGdfp“b} cfPsf] 5 .
dfgj hfltsf] Oltxf;df h] hlt eLif0f ju{o'4x? x'“b} cfPsf 5g\, ltgsf] ljho ktfsfdf
ltg} jL/ jL/f+ugfx?sf] /Qm/l~ht 5fk c+lst ePsf] kfOG5 .. dfG5]n] dfG5]sf]
;'Gb/ eljiosf] lglDt Hofg xf]d]sf] 5, k|f0fsf] cfx'lt lbPsf] 5 .
cfhsf] o'udf
;fdGtjfb, k"“hLjfb, ;fd|fHojfb ;a} hL0f{ k'/ftg xf], To;sf] ue{af6 gjLg
a}1flgs ;fDojfbsf] hGd eO;s]sf] 5 . o;} ;fDojfbL cfbz{sf] lglDt k]l/;
sDo"gn] ck"j{ jL/tfsf] k|bz{g u¥of] . k"“hLkltju{sf]
:ju{dfly wfjf af]Nb} xhf/f}+ jL/ sDo'lggf8{x?n] zxfbt k|fKt u/] . t/ sDo'g
d/]g . k|yd / låtLo ljZjo'4sf eLif0f em0hfjftsf lbgx?df ?;, rLg, leotgfd
nufot ljZjsf s}of}+ b]zx?df Tof] k'gM ljhoL aGof] . cfh To;n] Ifl0fs k/fho
cjZo} ef]Ug k/]sf] 5 .. k/Gt' ljZjsf s'gf s'gf;Dd sDo'lgHd emf“lub},
km}lnb} uPsf] 5 . oBlk cfh sDo'lgHdn] h'gls/L ag]/ af“Rg' k/]sf] 5, k/Gt'
cfhsf] c“w]/f] /ftsf] ;Ggf6fnfO{ Tof] afx]s c? s;}n] lrg{ ;s]sf] 5}g .
oBlk cfh sDo'lgHd e/e/fp“bf] cfuf]sf] nKsf xf]Og, v/fgL leqsf] ;fgf] uf]n
lkmln+uf] ag]/ af“Rg' k/]sf] 5 . t/ Tof] cfuf] ;NsG5, ;Nsb} hfG5 /
;lNs/x]sf] klg 5 . sDo'lgHd / qmflGt /QmjLhsf ;Gtfg x'g\ tL
db{}gg\ .. cfh ljZjsf Plzof, clk|msf / blIf0f cd]l/sf ljzfn d}bfgx?df
;fd|fHojfb / ;fdGtjfbsf lj?4 hgcfGbf]ngx? eO/x]sf 5g\, tL x/]s 7fp“df sDo'lgHd
qmflGtsf] aLpm /f]lkPsf] 5 . clxn]sf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] bjbjfsf]
hdfgfdf klg k]?sf] P08]h kj{t >[+vnfdf sDo'lgHdsf] nfn;Qf ljsl;t eO/x]sf] 5
/ cfh ljZje/ gof“ sDo'gf8{x? k'gM hfu[t x'“b}5g\, km}nb} 5g\ . sDo'lgHdsf]
dxfg\ cfbz{sf] lglDt hLjg Gof}5fj/ ug{ gof“–gof“ /QmjLhx? hlGd/x]sf 5g\ ..
sDo'lgHdsf lj?4 ;fd|fHojfbL– k|ltlqmofjfbL 8f“s"x? h] hlt ljifjdg u¿g\,
qmflGtsf] gof“ em0hfjftsf ;fd' tL ;a} Ps–Ps u/L Wj:t eP/} 5f8\g] 5g\ . lsg
ls Oltxf;n] ldlt k'u]sf] s'g} klg rLhnfO{ lgn]/} 5f8\5, Oltxf; sfn xf] To;n]
s;}nfO{ klg kv{]/ a:g hfGb}g . ca ;fd|fHojfb k|ltlqmofjfbsf] ldlt
k"/f x'“b}5 .
o'usf] cfo'sf]
s'/f ubf{ dfG5]n] To;nfO{ JolQmsf] cfo';“u bf“Hg vf]H5g\, of] l;w} JolQmjfb
xf] . cfhsf] hdfgfdf JolQmsf] PSnf] cl:tTj sxL+ st} 5}g . dxfg\
uf]sL{n] eg]sf lyP– JolQmsf] lj36g (Disintegration of Personality) eO;s]sf]
5 . xf], cfh JolQmsf] lj36g eO;s]sf] 5 . x/]s dflg;x? cf–cfºgf] ju{
>]0fLdf ljeflht 5g\, Psflt/ pTkLl8t >dhLjLx? / csf{]lt/ pTkL8s >d
rf]/x? v8f 5g\ . >djL/x?sf] k|ltlglwTj cfw'lgs ;j{xf/fju{n] u/]sf] 5
eg] >drf]/x?sf] k|ltlglwTj ljZj k"“hLkltju{n] . JolQm rfx]
>djL/ jf >drf]/ h'g;'s} >]0fLdf v8f ePsf x'g\, tL l56} d/]/ hfG5g\, ltgsf]
cfo' 5f]6f] x'G5 . t/ JolQm ;lDdlnt ju{sf] cfo' ck]Iffs[t nfdf]
x'G5 . o;/L x]bf{ >drf]/ ju{df ljZj k"“hLjfbsf] ;fd|fHojfbsf] cfo'
JolQmsf t'ngfdf cjZo} nfdf] 5, k/Gt' sfdjL/ ju{sf] ljZj;j{xf/f ju{sf]–
;fDojfbsf] t'ngfdf x]bf{ Tof] v:s“b} 5 d[To'z}ofdf cf?9 aGgsf nflu k|ltlbg
cf}+nfx? uGb}5 .. JolQmut x}l;otn] x]bf{ >djL/ju{sf] s'g} qmflGtsf/L
JolQm l56} dg{ ;S5, clkt' >dhLjLju{ hLjgsf]
nflndfn] e/k"/ 5, Tof] Oltxf;sf] k|jfxdf cufl8 al9/x]sf] 5 .
qmflGtsf/Lx?n] cfkm"nfO{ JolQm xf]Og, >djL/ ju{;d"xsf] Pp6f c+z
7fGg'kb{5 .. o;/L x]bf{ qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] cfo' JolQmsf] 5f]6f] cfo' geO{
gof“ o'usf] k|ltlglwTj ug{] gof“ ju{sf] bL3{ cfo' aGg k'Ub5 . o'uLg ;RrfO
of] xf] ls, cfh Oltxf;n] ;fd|fHojfbsf] ljbfOsf] lglDt p/f7nfUbf zf]s uLt /
;fDojfbsf :jfutfy{ hLjgf]T;fxn] e/k"/ gof“ ljho uLt ufp“b}5 .
cfhsf] o'unfO{
k"“hLjfbL jf lgDg k"“hLjfbL JolQmut …cx+Ú sf] ;gsn] x]/]/
;lsGg . cfhsf] o'u x]g{, To;sf k|To]s sf]lzsf, gzf–gzf / wdgLx? 5fDg gof“
o'usf] k|ltlglwTj ug{] ju{sf], ljZj ;j{xf/f ju{sf] j:t'jfbdf cfwfl/t kf/bzL{
cf“vfsf] cfjZostf kb{5 . ha rLhnfO{ o;/L x]g{] / a'‰g] k|of; ul/G5 Tof]
a]nf JolQmut Iflt uf}0f / ;fd"lxs nfe k|wfg aGg hfG5 . pHjn eljiosf]
;'Gb/ :ju{sf cufl8 jt{dfg gs{sf Ifl0fs b'Mv si6x? Oltxf;sf] k[i7efudf k"/}
ws]lng k'U5g\ . To;}sf/0f qmflGtsf/Lx? ;gs xf]Og w}o{, cfj]u xf]Og ljj]s /
d[To' xf]Og, hLjgn] clek|]l/t eO{ lg/Gt/ cl3 al9/x]sf x'G5g\ . pgLx?sf]
si6do hLGbuLnfO{ o;} qmflGtsf/L cfzfjfbn] lehfO/x]sf] x'G5 . oxL cfzfjfb /
oxL ljZjf; af]s]/ g} qmflGtsf/Lx? Ifl0fs j}ejsf] af6f] nTofP/ b'Mv si6sf]
hLGbuL :jLsfb{} cud kxf8 sGb/fsf] ofqf ug{ ?rfp“5g\ .
t/, b'vsf] s'/f
xfd|f] b]zdf Tof] cud kxf8 sGb/fsf] af6f] :jLsfg{ qmflGtsf/Lx? cem tof/
b]lvb}gg\ . /f0ff zf;gsf] h+uL kvf{n 9fNg s}of}+ jL/x? zxLb ag], t/
cfkm"nfO{ qmflGtsf] cu|b"t 7fGg]x? Tof] cud sGb/fsf] af6f] lx+8\g
¿rfPgg\ .. lbNnL b/af/n] vlglbPsf] /fhdfu{d} 6\ofS;L u'8fpg yfn] .
l;gf]df lu2 em'l08Pem}+ ;+;bLo r'gfjsf] /;f:jfbg ug{ k'u] . kl/0ffd
)!& ;fnsf] kmf}hL sf08 36\of] . s}of}+ jL/ elgg]x? k~rfotL sfnnfO{
c+ufnf] xfNg k'u] .. oBlk emfkf ljb|f]xsf of]4fx? ju{b'Zdgsf lj?4
qmflGtsf] cgsG6f/ af6f]df 8f]a vGg tlD;P, k/Gt' Tof] klg Pp6f JolQmut …cxd\Ún]
k|]l/t Ps lgDgk"“hLjfbL ;gs lyof] . l;na/sf] yfn l5§} tfTof] / l5§}
;]nfof] klg .. cfh cfP/ Tof] ;gs uDeL/ ljZjf;3ft / u2f/Ldf kl/0ft eO;s]sf]
5 . )#^ ;fn cfof], )$^ ;fn cfof] . t/ g]kfnL qmflGtsf/Ln] gof“ af6f]
vGg ;s]g . )$^÷)$& ;fnkl5 klg jfl;+u6g / lbNnL b/af/n] vlglbPsf]
af6f]df lx+8\g afWo x'g'k¥of] .. km]l/ klg @)!^ ;fnsf] h:t} r'gfjL akmL{sf
af;L 6'qmf rfv]/ p:t}–p:t} /dfpg' k/]sf] 5 . t/ csf{]lt/ b'Zdg ;ts{ 5, pm
ca akmL{ rvfpg] kIfdf 5}g . t] lx gf] lbj;M utf M -xfd|f tL lbg uP_
qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] lglDt cs{} /+u9+un] cs{} hfdf klxl/P/ k'gM )!& ;fn
kmls{b}5 . ;fjwfg †††
;+;f/sf
qmflGtsf/Lx? d"v{ eP/ w]/} l;s], t/ g]kfnsf qmflGtsf/Lx? a'l4dfg eP/ w]/}
ljlu|P . d"v{ 1fgL aGof] / a'l4dfg d"v{ aGof] .
aGb"ssf] s'/f ubf{ cfh klg a'l4dfgx?sf] ;ftf] p8\5 . t/ cfh xfdLn]
cfºg} cf“vfsf] ;fd'Gg] b]v]sf 5f}+, aGb"s af]Sg] æd"v{x?n]Æ w]/}
l;ls;s]sf 5g\ . b'lgof“sf x/]s efudf tL æd"v{x?Æ n8]s} 5g\, af“r]s}
5g\ / b'ZdgnfO{ qflxdfd agfPs} 5g\ . :ju{ sAhf u/]/ a;]sfx?nfO{ cTofw'lgs
z:q ;lHht sjrwf/Lx?nfO{ cft+sjfbL e"tx?n] t;f{Ps} 5g\ . t/ oL ;a}
s'/f eGbf cl3 a9]/ tL æd"v{x?n]Æ jt{dfg o'usf lj1fg / k|ljlwsf, 1fg /
u'gsf w]/} s'/f l;ls;s]sf 5g\ / tL a'l4dfg s"kd08"sx?nfO{ w]/} k5fl8
ws]ln;s]sf 5g\ .. ca xfdL a'l4dfg alg/x]/ Wj:t x'g] ls æd"v{Æ ag]/
qmflGtsf] sl7g af6f]df gof“ 1fgn] ;d[4 aGb} cufl8 a9\g], ljsNk r'Gg] 7Ls ;do
cfO;s]sf] 5 . ca olb oyfjt a'l4dfg} aGg vf]lhG5 eg] lglZrt 5 ef]ln ;don]
d"v{ dfq xf]Og dxfd"v{ ;fljt ul/lbg] 5 . dxfslj b]jsf]6fn] k|Zg
u/]sf lyP– uwf a'l4dfg ls u'? < cfh ;don] uwfnfO{ a'l4dfg / u'¿nfO{
d"v{ agfO lbO;s]sf] 5 .
a'l4dfg\ jf
d"v{ eGbf ca s] s:tf] x'G5 < Pp6f zAblrq tof/ kf/]/ x]/f}+ .
a'l4dfg aGbf of] oyfl:ylt, of] cf}krfl/s d}qL / of] tfgfjfgf ck]Iffs[t af“lr/xg
;S5 . s]xL ug{ g;s] klg of] oyfjt lhGbuL / hLjg wfGg] sfd ck]Iffs[t eO/xg
;S5 .. o;df a'l4dQfsf] dfqf cem} a9fpg] xf] eg] cem} 7"nf] Jofkstf /
cem} a[xQ/ Pstf sfod x'g;S5 . Tof] eGbf klg emg} a'l4dfg aGg] xf] eg] b}To
bfgjx?sf] ;Qfdf efua08f ug{ klg kfOG5 . Ps}l5g eP klg lsg gxf];\, :ju{sf]
dL7f] :jfb rfVg kfOG5 . csf{]lt/ d"v{ aGbf Tof] lhGbuL / Tof] :ju{af6
k"/} a]lUnP/ nfdf] ;do;Dd b'Mv si6sf] g/s ef]Ug' k5{ . w]/} ;xofqLx?
5f]8]/ lx+8\5g\, s]xL ;do;Dd yf]/} yf]/} eP/ af“Rg'k5{ . b'Zdgsf] bdg /
oftgf dfq x}g, cfºg} dfG5]sf] jft / nft klg vfg'k5{ . lge]sf] cfuf] tfk]/
af“Rg'k5{, ljif lkP/ cd[t cf]sNg'k5{ . t/ ha cfºg} 1fg / kf}/vaf6 cgs06f/
sGb/fx?df ;fgf] uf]/]6f] aGb} hfG5 / h"gls/L h:t} wkwkfpg] qmflGtsf]
Hof]lt rxlsnf] x'“b} km}ng yfN5, rLhn] lj:tf/} km8\sf] dfl/lbG5 . ;a}
s'/fn] al~rt d"v{x?sf] ;fydf w]/} s'/f xft nfUb} hfG5 . :ju{sf] bfgjL
;Qfdf efuLbf/ a'l4dfgx?n] klg Psk6s d'v{x?lt/ k'n'Ss x]b{} cf“vf /;fpg'kg{]
x'G5 .
dfcf] eGg'x'G5–
æljrf/wf/fTds Pj+ /fhg}lts sfo{lbzf ;xL jf unt x'g'n] ;a}yf]s lgwf{/0f
ub{5 . ha kf6L{ nfOg ;xL 5, Tof] a]nf Tof]l;t ;a} s'/f xft nfUb5 .
dflg; 5}gg\ eg] tL cfpg ;S5g\, aGb"s 5}gg\ eg] tL klg k|fKt x'g
;St5g\ . olb To;sf] sfo{lbzf unt 5 eg] Tof]a]nf ePsf] ;a}yf]s klg
u'dfpg'kb{5 . sfo{lbzf eg]sf] hfnsf] 8f]/L xf], ha of] tflgG5, Tof] a]nf
;Dk"0f{ hfn v'Nb5 .Æ qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] lglDt dfcf]sf] of] egfO ax't}
dgg\of]Uo 5 . ljrf/wf/fTds / /fhg}lts lbzf ;xL 5 eg] s}of}+ s'/f u'dfpg'
k/] klg cGttf]uTjf ;a rLh kfpg ;lsG5 . cfh a'l4dfgx?n] hfnsf] 8f]/L sf6\g
yfn]sf 5g\, d"v{x?n] To;nfO{ dha'tLsf] ;fy ks8\g ;Sg'k5{ . cfh a[xQ/
Pstf, d}qL / dL7f] lhGbuL u'dfpg' k/] klg ef]ln ;a} rLh k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 .
;fgf] eg]/ s]xL km/s kb{}g, olb ;xL 5 eg] Tof] ef]ln ljzfn aGg ;St5 .
g]kfn ;fgf] 5 eg]/ x]Kg]x?nfO{ dxfslj b]jsf]6fn] z/L/df cf“vfsf] gfgL ;fg}
x'G5, xfQL eGbf dfG5] ;fg} x'G5 eGg] hjfkm lbPsf lyP .. 7Ls cfh xfdL z/L/
/ xfQL /f]Hg] / a'l4dfg xf]Og cf“vfsf] gfgL / dfG5] /f]Hg] d"v{ aGg'
k/]sf] 5 .
gof“ ljZjsf
lgdf{tfx? k'/fgf]sf] Wj+;af6 8/fp“b}gg\ . s= dfcf]n] atfpg'ePsf] 5–
Wj+;ljgf lgdf{0f x'g ;Sb}g . k'/fgf] ;+;f/sf] Wj+; ug{ rfxg] qmflGtsf
;"qwf/x?n] cfºg} unt ;+:sf/, afgLJoxf]/f, k'/fgf tfgfjfgf / k'/fgf]
z}nLsf] df]x ;as'5 Wj:t kfg{ ;Sg'kb{5 . xltof/ wfl/nf] geO{ sf6\g] s'/f
cfpGg . cfkm}nfO{ 5]Sg] cfºg} jl/kl/sf sf“8] tf/ / kmnfd] kvf{n geTsfO{
b'Zdgsf] lsNnf kmf]g{ ;lsGg, :ju{dfly wfjf af]Ng ;lsGg . qmflGtsf/Lx?
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