qmflGtsf/L
dlxnfx¿sf] 8]lnu]zg
sf7df8f}+÷clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_
n] ljutsf] ;/sf/;“u u/]sf] ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjog u/fpg @) ;"qLo dfu /fvL xfn}
k|wfgdGqL sfof{nodf 8]lnu]zgdf uPsf] ;dfrf/ 5 .
c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf hok'/L 3tL{åf/f
x:tfIfl/t pQm dfu kq u[xdGqfno / dlxnf tyf ;dfh sNof0f dGqfnodf k7fOPsf]
lyof] . pQm kqdf ;dfg clwsf/sf nflu n8]sf] cfºgf] ;+u7gn] dfu k"/f
geP b]ze/ ;fdGtL / cfTd;dk{0fjfbLx?sf] lj?4 cfGbf]ngsf] cf“wLa]x/L l;h{gf
ul/g]5 elgPsf] 5 .
hgfb]zsf]
cfkm\g} ;dfrf/
sf7df8f}+÷ljut !@ jif{b]lv ;TotYo / hgtfsf
cfGbf]ngsf ;dfrf/ / ultljlwx? ;Dk|]if0f ul//x]sf] hgfb]z ;fKtflxsdfly cj/f]wx?
v8f ul/g yflnPsf 5g\ . ljleGg :yfgaf6 xfd|f k|sfzgx? ;'/IffsdL{x?n] hkmt
ug{], hgfb]z hkmt u/L ;]gfn] hnfOlbg] ljqm]tfx?nfO{ hgfb]z ;fKtflxs ga]Rg wDsL
lbg] h:tf u'gf;fx? k|fKt x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .
! jif{eGbf j];L ;do;Dd kqsf/÷;Dkfbsx?nfO{
y'Gg], xTof ug]{ tyf sfof{no sAhf ug{] h:tf ;/sf/L bdgsf sf/0f aGb eP/ k'gM
k|sfzg eO/x]sf] o; ;fKtflxsnfO{ b]zdf o'4lj/fd / jftf{ k|lqmof rln/x]sf]
cj:yfdf ;d]t cj/f]w ul/g' ;/sf/sf] cleJolQm :jtGqtfk|ltsf] aqmb[li6sf] ?kdf
lng'kg{] x'G5 . xfd|f k|sfzgx? b]zsf ljleGg r]skf]i6x?df hf“r]/ n}hfg
glbg] ul/Psf 5g\ . bf]nvf, ?s'd, afun'ª, bfª, /f]Nkf, s}nfnL nufotsf
7fp“x?df hfg] klqsfsf d'7fx? af6}df emfl/Psf 5g\ . ;fy} ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{
hgfb]z lsg]s} sf/0f af]s]s} sf/0f / k9]s} sf/0f wDSofOPsf], qf; km}nfOPsf]
u'gf;f] hgfb]z sfof{nodf cfPsf 5g\ . b]zsf ljleGg efusf laqm]tfn] ;/sf/L
;'/IffsdL{sf lgu/fgL / wDsLsf sf/0f hgfb]z laqmL ug{ c;dy{tf JoQm ub{} xfdLnfO{
hgfb]z k7fpg aGb ug{ eg]sf k':ts k;nsf] ;+Vof ! bh{g gfl3;s]sf] 5 .
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf btf{ eP/ sfg"g;Ddt 9+un] k|sflzt
eO/x]sf] of] klqsf ;fKtflxsdWo] ;jf{lws laqmL x'g] / hgtfaf6 c;fWo} ljZjf;
lht]sf] klqsf klg xf] . k|]; sfplG;nsf] d"Nof+sgdf …sÚ ju{df /x]sf]
hgfb]z hgtfsf] lk|o klqsf klg xf] . xfdL ;/sf/L ;'/IffsdL{sf] o:tf]vfn]
klqsf dflysf] aqmb[li6 g/fVg ;DalGwt kIf;“u ljgd| cfu|x ug{ rfxG5f}+ .
xfdLn] cfufdL ;dodf o:tf]vfn] s'g} /j}of hgfb]zk|lt x'g]5}g eGg]df k"0f{
ljZjf; klg lnPsf 5f}+ .
u[xdGqfnosf]
;"rgfk|lt g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ / clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] uDeL/ cfklQ
sf7df8f}+÷oxL ;fpg !& ut] u[xdGqfnoåf/f hf/L ;"rgfdf sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq 8]/f ef8fdf a;]sf ;a}sf] kmf]6f] / tLgsf] ljj/0fsf] dfu u/]/ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] gful/s :jtGqtfsf] xgg u/]sf], dfcf]jfbL nufot Gofok|]dL hgtfsf] ;'/fsL ug{] / ;fdfGo hgtfnfO{ b'Mv lbg] lgotn] jftf{sf] vf]nleq o'4sf] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . pQm s'/f g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnn] lxhf] a]n'sL Ps jQmJo dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] xf] .
g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ g]kfnsf cWoIf kjg
>]i7n] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ t];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{df ;xefuL x'g] s'/fnfO{
Psflt/ :jfut ug{] / csf{]lt/ eo+s/ o'4sf] tof/L ug{] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] if8\oGqnfO{
phfu/ ub{} jQmJodf eGg' ePsf] 5– æb]zdf zflGt :yfkgf ug{] xf]Og, b]znfO{
ljb]zLx?sf] Ozf/fdf o'4df ws]Ng] if8\oGqsf] kbf{kmf; ePsf] 5 . cfd
hgtfnfO{ b]z / hgtfsf] lj?4 u2f/L u/fpg], ;'/fsL u/fpg] p;sf] leqL rfxgf klg
s;}af6 l5k]sf] 5}g . Tolt dfq xf]Og /f]huf/L gePsf cyjf lgDg cfo ePsfx?n]
s]xL sf]7f 3/ef8fdf lbP/ hLjgofkg ul//x]sf]af6 3/ef8fdf dfG5] /fv]sf] gfp“df
o'4sf] nflu wgLaf6 yk o'4 s/ p7fpg] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf] if8\oGq klg k'li6
ePsf] 5 . ;fy}, lgDg cfo ePsf t/ 3/ gePsf gful/snfO{ ;d]t sf7df8f}+
pkTosfaf6 lj:yflkt u/fO{ hg;d'bfosf Gofok"0f{ cfjfhnfO{ bafpg o'4 lkkf;'
k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qf if8\oGqdf nflu /x]sf] 5 .Æ
pxf“sf] yk egfO{ 5– æTo;}n] k|ltlqmofjfbL
;Qfsf] jftf{ ef“8\g], o'4df hgtfsf] g/;+xf/ ug{], o'4sf] nflu yk s/ p7fpg],
Gofok"0f{ cfjfh bafpg] if8\oGqsf lj?4 Gofo tyf zflGtk|]dL hgtfn] o;sf]
e08fkmf]/ ug{', kmfl;i6 cfb]zsf] cj1f ug{' clgjfo{ ePsf] 5 .Æ
qmflGt / k|ult g]jf/x?sf] rfxgf ePsfn]
k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf ;'/fsL u'08fbn, xTof/f bn kQf nufpg] / cfºgf] a:tLaf6
hgb'ZdgnfO{ nv]6\g' cfh ;a}sf] st{Jo ePsf] hgfp“b} df]rf{sf cWoIf >]i7n]
cufl8 eGg'ePsf] 5– æGofo tyf zflGtk|]dL hgtf hgtfsf] ;'/fsL ug{] /
k|ltlqmofjfbL kmfl;i6x?sf] gf]s/ aGg ;Sb}gg\ . a? b]z / hgtfsf kx/]bf/ /
/Ifs x'G5g\ . ljz]iftM pkTosfleqsf ;f]emfl;wf kLl8t g]jf/x?nfO{ b]z /
hgtfsf lj?4 ;'/fsL u/L u2f/ agfpg] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf] s'lgot :ki6
b]lvG5 . g]jf/ hflt Gofok|]dL / zflGtk|]dL hflt xf] . qmflGt / k|ult
g]jf/x?sf] rfxgf xf] . Gofo, ;dfgtf / k|hftGq g]jf/ hfltsf] hLjg k2lt
xf] . To;}n] g]jf/ hflt nufot Gofok|]dL hgtf ;'/fsL / u2f/ aGg
;Sb}gg\ . a? o;sf] ljk/Lt k|ltlqmofjfbL ;Qfsf ;'/fsL, u'08fbn, xTof/f bnx?
kQf nufpg] / cfºgf] a:tLaf6 pgLx?nfO{ nv]6\g' cfh ;a}sf] st{Jo ePsf] 5 .Æ
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] pQm /j}ofk|lt s8f zAbdf
lj/f]w hgfp“b} g]jf M /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{n] pQm lg0f{o lkmtf{ glnP lg0fF{os
cfGbf]ngdf plqg] hgfPsf] 5 . /, k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] pbL{nfO{ dfg]/ b'Mv lbg]
3/wgLsf] af/]df cfºgf] ;Dks{ gDa/ ;d]t lbO{ jQmJosf] cGTodf df]rf{sf cWoIfn]
eGg'ePsf] 5– ækmfl;i6x?sf] cfb]z dfg]/ hgtfnfO{ b'Mv lbg] lgotsf ;fy hah{:tL
kmf]6f] dfUg], ljj/0f dfUg] sfd b]z / hgtfk|lt u2f/L xf] . o;/L hah{:tL
kmf]6f] / ljj/0f dfUg] u2f/x?nfO{ s8feGbf s8f sfjf{xL ug{'sf] ljsNk /xg
;Sb}g . To;}n] hah{:tL kmf]6f] / ljj/0f dfUg] 3/wgLx?sf af/]df xfdLnfO{
hfgsf/L lbg x'g ;a} kLl8tx?nfO{ k]h/ g++= (^!@)%$!! df 3/ wgLsf] gfp, 7]ufgf /
kmf]g g+= pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u ug{ cg'/f]w ub{5f}+ . ;fy} pk/f]Qm hglj/f]wL
lg0f{o t'?Gt lkmtf{ lng k'/fgf] ;Qf;“u hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}+ . cGoyf o;sf
lj?4 g]jfM /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{, g]kfn lg0ff{os cfGbf]ngdf pqg afWo x'g]5 .Æ
To;}u/L hgtfsf] zflGtk|ltsf] rfxgfnfO{
cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgisif{ ;lxt ;dfwfg ug{'sf] ;§f jftf{sf] dGq hKb} ;fdGtL
;Qfwf/Lx? eLif0f ;}Go tof/Ldf h'l6/x]sf] s'/f cg]/f:jljo" -qmflGtsf/L_ sf
cWoIf n]vgfy Gof}kfg]n] Ps lj1lKt dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ug{' ePsf] 5 .
pxf“n] jQmJodf eGg' ePsf] 5– æt];|f] r/0fsf]
jftf{df a:g] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] k|lta4tfnfO{ Psflt/ :jfut ug{] t/ csf{]lt/
;]gfnfO{ Pn6{ ub{} ljBfyL{ / cfd hg;d'bfonfO{ cft+lst kfg{] sfo{df ;Qf cl3
a9]sf] 5 . o;}aLr b]z}el/ af9L klx/f] h:tf k|fs[lts k|sf]kaf6 cfqmfGt
hgtfnfO{ /fxt pknAw u/fpg'sf] ;§f cfºgf] wd{/fO;s]sf] ;QfnfO{ cem nDAofpg]
w[i6tfsf ;fy ;Dk"0f{ 8]/fdf a:g] ljBfyL{ / hg;d'bfosf] nfut / clen]v dfu
u/]/ k'/fgf] ;Qf pkTosfleq eLif0f g/;+xf/sf] tof/L ul//x]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . xfdL
o; k|sf/sf] lgs[i6 sbdsf] hf]8bf/ lj/f]w ub{5f}+ / ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{ /
ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ lj:yflkt u/]/ cfºgf] ;QfnfO{ l6sfpg] ;Qfsf]
if8\oGqk"0f{ lg0f{o t'?Gt lkmtf{ ug{ hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}+ .Æ
cGoyf o;sf lj?4 cg]/f:jljo"
-qmflGtsf/L_ lg0ff{os cfGbf]ngdf pqg afWo x'g]5 cWoIf Gof}kfg]sf] r]tfjgL
5 . ;fy} pxf“n] xfn} b]zsf ljleGg efudf af9L klx/f]sf] rk]6fdf k/L hgwg
u'dfpg afWo x'g'ePsf ;Dk"0f{ hgtfk|lt ;xfg'e"ltsf ;fy 36gfx?k|lt b'Mv
k|s6 ug{'ePsf] 5 .
cf7
ljBfyL{ ;+u7gn] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng ug{]
sf7df8f}+÷d'n'ssf cf7j6f ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n]
cgf}krfl/s ?kdf ;+o'Qm j}7s a;L dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox? u/]sf 5g\ . clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_ sf] cfof]hgfdf a;]sf] pQm cgf}krfl/s a}7sn] zflGtjftf{ ;kmn kfg{
ljBfyL{n] bafj l;h{gf ug{], u[xdGqfnoåf/f hf/L ;"rgf lj?4 lqmofTds
cfGbf]ng ug{], ;+o'Qm ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng k|ltudg lj?4 x'g'kg{] s'/fdf s]lGb|t
/x]sf] lyof] .
pQm j}7skl5 clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo
cWoIf n]vgfy Gof}kfg]n] hgfb]z;“u eGg'eof]– d'n'ssf ;Dk"0f{ ljBfyL{
;+u7gx?sf] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngn] k|ltufdL tTjx?nfO{ ;r]t kfg{] ePsf] 5, ;dod}
r]t]gg\ eg] cfGbf]ngn] a9fg{] u/L ;+o'Qm 5nkmn cufl8 a9fPsf 5f}+ .
cu|ufdL kl/jt{g clgjfo{ 5M s= k|sfz
sf7df8f}+÷
…b]zdf ljBdfg uDeL/ ;+s6sf]
;dfwfgsf] lglDt cu|ufdL kl/jt{g clgjfo{ 5 eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . cfhsf]
cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;efn] g} To:tf] cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5, h;n]
;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf x:tfGt/0f u/L )$^ ;fndf cw'/f] / ck"/f] /x]sf]
k"“hLjfbL k|hftGqnfO{ -sd;]sd cf}krfl/s ¿kdf_ k"0f{tf k|bfg
ug]{5 . To;}n] ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t\ ;fj{ef}d;Qf hgtfdf x:tfGt/0f u/L cu|ufdL
gof“ ;+ljwfglgdf{0f ug'{ g} cfhsf] ;+s6sf] lgsf; xf] .’ pk/f]Qm s'/f
g]=s=kf=-Pstf s]Gb|–d;fn_ sf ;xdxfdGqL s= k|sfzn] lxhf] hgfb]znfO{ lbg'ePsf]
ljz]if cGtjf{tf{df atfpg'ePsf] xf] .
‘hgo'4;lxt
cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf] lglDt g]kfnL ;dfhn] ul//x]sf] ;ª\3if{nfO{ ;xL 9+un] ;dfwfg
ug'{sf] ;§f oyfl:yltjfb sfod ug{ vf]Hg] ;+;bLo ;/sf/ / ;+;bLo kf6L{x?sf] gLlt
tyf lqmofsnfkn] ubf{ /fhg}lts If]qsf] ;ª\s6 emg\ tLa| ag]/ uPsf]’ pNn]v ub}{ s=
k|sfzn] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf s= k|r08n] hf/L ug'{ePsf] kQmJon]
‘jftf{’dfkm{t\ ‘u[xo'4’nfO{ zflGtk"0f{ 9+uaf6 ;dfwfg ug{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_
Odfgbf/ Pjd\ uDeL/ 5 / To;sf] lglDt cfjZos nrstf k|bz{g ug{ klg tTk/ 5 .
s= k|r08n] /fhg}lts Ph]08f g} d'Vo x'g] s'/fdf hf]8 lbP/ s] s'/fdf ;a}sf]
Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg vf]Hg'ePsf] 5 eg] cGttM ‘jftf{’ ;kmn x'g] / gx'g] eGg] s'/f
Go"gtd cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgsf;df ;xdlt sfod x'G5 ls x'“b}g eGg] s'/fdf
lge{/ /xG5 . To;}n] ‘jftf{’ ;kmn kfg{ rfxg] ;a}n] /fhg}lts Ph]08fnfO{
s]Gb|df /fVb} cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgsf;df ;xdlt sfod ug{ rf}tkmL{ bafa lbg'kb{5’
eGg'ePsf] 5 .
g]skf -Pstf s]Gb|–d;fn_sf dxfdGqL
df]xgljqmd l;+xn] ‘dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;Qfdf hfg xtfl/Psf] elg/xg'ePsf] 5 lg eGg]
hgfb]zsf] k|Zgdf s= k|sfzn] ‘Tof] lgisif{ oyfy{df cfwfl/t geP/ dgf]ut /
k"jf{u|x k|]l/t’ ePsf] hjfkm lbg'eof] . -s= k|sfz;“usf] cGtjf{tf{sf]
k"0f{ c+z cGtj{ftf{ lzif{sdf x]g'{xf];\ ._
cfrf/;+lxtf pNnª\3gsf 36gf tLa|
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ;/sf/aLr t];|f] r/0fsf]
jftf{sf nflu ;xdlt eP klg ;/sf/L lqmofsnfkn] jftf{ x'g] gx'g] z+sf pTkGg ePsf]
5 . b]ze/ zfxL ;]gfn] cfrf/;+lxtfsf uDeL/ pNn+3gsf 36gf 36fO/x]sf]
5 . s]xL ;do klxn] :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] lgx'“df ufp“ k;]sf] ;]gfn] klxn] v'Nnf
?kdf ufp“df u:tL ug{], 5fkf dfg{] ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ s'6lk6 ug{], dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/ºtf/ ug{] sfo{ tLj| ?kdf a9fPsf] lyof] . 7fp“ 7fp“df r]lsª
vfgtnf;L u/]/ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ cft+lst kf/]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gfsf] oxL xs{t
sfod} /x]df jftf{ x'g g;Sg] s'/f /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx? atfp“5g\ .
oxLaLrdf u[xdGqfnon] sf7df8f}+df 8]/f u/L
a:g] ;Dk"0f{sf] gfdfjnL ljj/0f ;+sng ug{] pbL{ hf/L u/]/ cfd hgtfnfO{ emg\
cft+lst kf/]sf] 5 . jftf{s} aLrdf To:tf] pbL{ hf/L ug{'n] ;/sf/sf]
jftf{k|ltsf] /j}of 5n{ª ePsf] 5 . hgfb]znfO{ ;/sf/n] cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g
u/]sf ljleGg ;dfrf/x? k|fKt ePsf 5g\ .
vf]6fªaf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ lhNnfsf ljleGg
If]qdf Jofks ?kdf ;]gf k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm u:tL kl/rfng ul/Psf] 5 . ;]gf /
k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm u:tLn] z'qmaf/ dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ bLk]znfO{ lu/ºtf/ u/L a]kQf
kf/]sf] 5 . ;f] If]qdf xfn ;]gf k|x/Lsf] 7"nf] ;+Vofn] k|To]s 3/3/df
vfgtnf;L u/L hgtfnfO{ lk6\g] / dfcf]jfbL ;dy{s Pj+ sfo{stf{ e]6] lu/ºtf/ ug{]
u/]sf] 5 . u:tLn] z'qmaf/ dfq rf:dL6f/ * sf]lknf e~Hofª Onfsfaf6 dfcf]jfbL
3/df yGSofPsf /fzg, n'uf sk8f, l;lnlkª Jofu, 8s'd]G6x? n'6]/ cfuf] nufO{
hnfOlbPsf] 5 .
To;}u/L tfKn]h'ª xfªb]jfaf6 ;]gf k|x/Lsf]
u:tLn] xfªb]jf lgjf;L @ hgfnfO{ lu/ºtf/ u/L a]kQf kf/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf]
hgtf df=lj= df zxLb u]6 pb\3f6g sfo{qmd eO/x]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 ;b/d'sfdaf6 ;]gf
k|x/Lsf] u:tL uPsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd ;dfKt ePkl5 k'u]sf] ;]gfn] :yfgLo
lzIfs b'uf{ kt]jfnfO{ d/0ff;Gg x'g]u/L s'6lk6 u/]/ 5f]8]sf] lyof] eg] lzIfs 5q
>]i7 / :yfgLo /fdaxfb'/ g]kfnLnfO{ r/d oftgf lb+b} ckx/0f u/L nu]sf]
lyof] . hgtfnfO{ ufnL unf}h ub{} dfcf]jfbL cfpg]ljlQs} va/ ug{ wDsL klg
lbOPsf] :yfgLo hgtfn] xfd|f ;+jfbbftfnfO{ atfP . u:tLn] Toxf“ agfOPsf]
zxLb u]6nfO{ eTsfP/ cfuf] nufPsf] 5 eg] jl/kl/sf Jofg/, kf]i6/ klg Roft]/ hnfPsf]
5 .
ljzfn
v8\sf v} <
kf“rjif{sf] h]n kZrft\ c;f/ @& ut] l/xf
ePsf bf]nvfsf ljzfn v8\sfnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] >fj0f ^ ut] k'gM lu/ºtf/ u/]kl5
pxf“sf cfkmGtx? lrlGtt ePsf 5g . v8\sfnfO{ ut ^ ut] ;f]n'g]rfaf6 zfxL
;]gfsf] u:tLn] ckx/0f u/L a]kQf kf/]sf] lyof] . lu/ºtf/ kZrft pxf“sL cfdf
lrGtfn] If0f If0fdf a]xf];\ x'g] u/]sf] xfd|f
;+jfbbftfn]
atfPsf 5g\ . pxf“sf cGo b'O 5f]/fnfO{ ;]gf k|x/Ln] xTof ul/;s]sf] 5 .
kf“r jif{kl5 5f]/f e]6\g] cfzf u/]sL pxf“sL cfdf / cfkmGtx?n] v8\sfsf]
hLjg/Iffsf] lglDt pxf“sf] cj:yfaf/] vf]h u/Llbg dfgjclwsf/jfbL, a'l4hLjL
;a}nfO{ cg'/f]w ug{'ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L k|fKt csf]{ Ps ;dfrf/ cg';f/ klZrdsf]
s0ff{nL lr;fkfgL If]qdf ;+u7gfTds sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf lgMz:q lx+l8/x]s]f cj:yfdf
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf Ps lhDd]jf/ g]tfnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] lxhf]dfq lu/km\tf/ u/L
a]kQf agfPsf] va/ klg k|fKt ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L c5fddf c;f/ !& ut] zfxL ;]gfn]
a:tL ufh;sf] 9sf/Ldf uf]nL xfgL 3fOt] agfPsf jL/]Gb| lji6nfO{ sAhfdf lnPkl5
xTof u/]sf] 5 . ;]gfn] lji6nfO{ uf]nL xfgL 3fOt] agfPkl5 ufp“n]n] cfºgf]
sAhfdf lnPsf lyP t/ ;]gfn] 8/ wDsL b]vfP/ pkrf/ ug{] axfgf agfO{ x]lnsf]K6/df
/fvL g]kfnu~hlt/ nu]sf] lyof] . c5fd lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v z/b l;+xsf cg';f/
;]gfn] eg] x]lnsf]K6/df nuL h+undf df/]/ kmfn]sf] yfxf ePsf] atfpg' ePsf]
5 . ;]gfn] To:tf] lgs[i6 sfo{ u/]sf] ;'g]kl5 c5fdsf hgtf cfqmf]lzt eP/
k|lt/f]wdf pq]dfq cfºgf] /Iff x'g] atfpg yfn]sf 5g\ .
jftf{df ePsf ;xdltnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug{'eGbf
cfrf/;+lxtfsf] v'Nnf pNn+3g ub{} sfe|] lhNnfsf ljleGg 7fp“df zfxL ;]gf /
k|x/Ln] hgtfnfO{ cft+lst kf/]/ tLj| ?kdf u:tL a9fPsf] 5 . oxL >fj0f !@
ut] dfq k|x/L u:tLn] ;+v'kf/Lrf}/ ufh;sf] ;+v'km]bLaf6 s[i0fk|;fb l3ld/]nfO{
lu/ºtf/ u/]sf] 5 . ufp“df al;/x]sf l3ld/]nfO{ k|x/Ln] sAhf u/L r/d oftgf
lb+b} nu]sf] :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ . l3ld/]nfO{ xfn w'lnv]n lhk|sfdf
/flvPsf] / pxf“sf] cj:yf lrGtfhgs /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 .
r]lsª,
w/ks8, vfgtnf;L hf/L
;]gfn] /fhwfgLaf6 aflx/ hfg] ;Dk"0f{
uf8Lx?df k|To]s 7fp“ 7fp“df Jofks ?kdf vfgtnf;L u/L ofq'x?nfO{ cft+lst kfg{]
u/]sf] 5 . ;]gfn] ofq'x?nfO{ uf8Laf6 cf]/fnL 306f}+;Dd Ps 7fpdf s'/fP/ gfd
7]ufgf, hfg] 7fp“sf] ljj/0f lnO lhpe/L vfgtnf;L u/]/ cgfjZos b'Mv lbg] u/]sf]
hgfb]z sfof{nodf cfOk'u]sf Ps ofqL atfp“5g\ . pgn] jftf{sf] s'/f ;/sf/n]
u/]klg o'4sf] Jofks tof/L ul//x]sf] atfP . To:t} xfn sf7df8f}+sf k|To]s
uNnL uNnLdf ;z:q ;]gfx?nfO{ Pn6{ cj:yfdf /flvPsf] 5 eg] 7fp“ 7fp“df nf]sn
uf8Lx?df 58\s] hf“r ug{] ul/Psf] 5 .
To;}u/L xfn nlntk'/sf] ljleGg 7fp“df ;]gfsf]
u:tL tLj| ?kdf a9]sf] 5 . xfn} ;]gfn] nlntk'/ dfemv08 uflj;sf] u'Dafdf
sl/a @)) hltsf] SofDk v8f u/L a;]sf] 5 . ;]gfn] Os'8f]n / dfemv08df Jofks
?kdf vfgtnf;L / 5fkf dfg{ yfn]kl5 :yfgLo hgtf Hofb} cft+lst / cfqmf]lzt ePsf
5g\ .
g'jfsf]6sf ljleGg efudf ;]gf k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm u:tLn] ufp“
ufp“df 5fkf df/L vfgtnf;L ug{] u/]sf] xfd|f ;+jfbbftfn] atfPsf 5g\ .
u:tLn] a'waf/ dfq k~rsGof uflj;sf] cfkx/ Onfsfdf vfgtnf;L u/L dfcf]jfbLsf /fzg,
k};f, 8]«;x?, n'ufsk8f / 8s'd]G6x? n'6]sf] 5 .
e"6fgL
z/0ffyL{af/] cGt/f{li6«o rf;f]
sf7df8f}+÷Ps bzseGbf cl3b]lv
dft[e"ldaf6 v]lbPsf e"6fgLx?sf] ;d:of emg} hl6n aGb} uPsf] 5 .
s]xL ;do cl3 e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;DaGwdf g]kfn / e"6fgL ;/sf/sf aLr ePsf]
elgPsf] ;Demf}tfkl5 of] ;d:ofn] csf{] df]8 lnPsf] xf] . vf;u/L
e"6fgLx?nfO{ g]kfnL gful/stfsf nflu l;kmfl/; ug{] clwsf/ lbg] eGg] cToGt}
ljjfbf:kb ;xdlt kl5 e"6fgL z/0ffyL{ ;d:ofsf af/]df cGt/f{li6«o rf;f]
a9]sf] atfOG5 .
z/0ffyL{ lkmtL{ ug{] ;DaGwdf /fi6«;+3Lo
pRrfof]usf] ;+nUgtfnfO{ e"6fgn] :jLsf/ gu/] p;nfO{ lbOb} cfPsf] ;xof]udf
Jofks s6f}tL ug{] bft[ /fi6«x?n] hgfPsf 5g\ . o;n] z/0ffyL{ lkmtL{
k|lqmofsf ;DaGwdf cfn6fn ub{} / x7 b]vfp“b} cfPsf] e"6fgL ;QfnfO{ uDeL/
;+s6df kf/]sf] 5 eg] z/0ffyL{x?nfO{ g}lts / ef}lts ?kdf ;d]t /fxt k'Ug]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .
1ft /xf];\,
c;xdlts} sf/0f g]kfnsf emfkf, df]/ª nufotsf k"jL{ lhNnfx?sf s}of}+
:yfgx?df nfvf}+ e"6fgLx? z/0ffyL{sf] hLjg latfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . s]xL
;do cl3b]lv cfºgf] d'lQmsf] nflu z/0ffyL{x? e"6fg sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfn]df_
sf] em08fd'lg uf]naGb aGb} klg hfg yfn]sf] ;dfrf/ k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] .
b]z af9L klx/f]n] cfqmfGtM ;/sf/ d'sbz{s
sf7df8f}+÷ljut
Ps xKtfsf] eLif0f jiff{;“u;“u} uPsf] af9L / k}/f]n] b]zJofkL ?kdf Jofks hgwgsf]
Iflt u/fPsf] 5 . t/ ptf ;/sf/ eg] kLl8tx?sf] p4f/ ug{ / /fxt lbg] cfºgf]
st{Jok|lt ;d]t ljd'v ePsf] 5 .
Ps xKtfb]lv
nuftf/ kl//x]sf] jiff{sf sf/0f uf]/vf, tgx'“, lrtjg, wflbª, dsjfgk'/, nlntk'/,
afh'/f, nufotsf lhNnfdf uPsf] k}x|f] / clwsf+z t/fO{sf lhNnfx?df cfPsf] af9Lsf
sf/0f clxn];Dd 8]9 ;o eGbf a];L hgfn] Hofg u'dfO;s]sf 5g\ . To:t} %)
hgfeGbf a];L cem} a]kQf 5g\ . ljut %÷^ jif{b]lv rrf{df cfPsf] wflbª
lhNnfdf /x]sf] s[i0feL/df k[YjL /fhdfu{df ljleGg 7fp“ / lqe'jg /fhkydf uPsf]
k}x|f]sf sf/0f sf7df8f}+ cfpg] ;Dk"0f{ ;jf/L ;fwgx? af6}df /f]lsPsf
5g\ . em08} !%)) ;jf/L ;fwgx? / xhf/f}+ ofq'x? af6}df cnkq k/]sf
5g\ . cem} Ps xKtf af6f] gv'Ng] ;Defjgf /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .
k|To]s jif{
uO/xg] s[i0feL/sf] klx/f]df ;/sf/n] uDeL/ pbf;Lgtf b]vfO/x]sf sf/0f of] jif{
klg nfvf}+ hgtfn] b'Mv kfPsf 5g\ . klx/f] hfg] lglZrt x'“bfx'“b} klg
To;k|lt k"j{ ;'/Iffsf] pkfo gckgfpg', nfvf}+ s/f]8f}+ /sd vr{ u/]/ w]/}
jif{ eO;Sbf klg l;+uf] /fi6«sf] Pp6f pNn]v ;d:of ag]sf] s[i0feL/ /f]Sg] sbd
grfNg' ;/sf/sf] uDeL/ c;kmntfsf] ;+s]t xf] .
/fhwfgLsf]
k|d'v k|j]zdfu{ aGb x'“bf b}lgs pkef]Uo j:t', k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ cflbsf] ;d:of
/fhwfgLdf 68\sf/f] kg{ uPsf] 5 . ljleGg If]qsf lj1x?n] /fhwfgL k|j]z
dfu{sf cGo ljsNkx? vf]Hg'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . w'lnv]n–l;Gw'nL
/fhdfu{, kmlk{ª–af/f sd{}of /fhdfu{, x]6f}8f–sf7df8f}+ ;'?ª dfu{ h:tf ljsNkx?
ckgfpg'kg{]df ;/sf/sf] a]jf:tf x'g' b'Mvsf] s'/f ag]sf] 5 .
af9Lsf sf/0f ;Ldf If]qsf g]kfnL e"ld 8'afgdf
xhf/f}+ hgtf a]3/af/
g]kfnL / ef/tLo zf;sx¿ a];/f]sf/
sf7df8f}+÷;w}+em}+ o;k6ssf] jiff{n]
ef/t;“usf] ;LdfIf]qsf s}of}+ a:tLx? 8'afgdf k/]sf 5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf
/ dfkb08sf] 7f8f] pNn+3g ub{} l5d]sL ef/tåf/f lgdF{0f ul/Psf] nId0fk'/ af“wsf
sf/0f clxn] xhf/f}+ g]kfnLsf] pl7af; nfu]sf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g cg';f/
b'j} b]zsf] ;xdlt ljgf ;Ldf If]qsf] * ls=dL= leq s'g} klg ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{
lgif]lwt 5 . t/ ef/tn] g]kfn;“usf] s]jn $ ls=dL= b"/Lsf] If]q
nId0fk'/df af“w v8f u/]sf] 5 . ;f] af“wsf sf/0f em08} @)) x]S6/ g]kfnL
e"ld 8'afgdf k/]sf] 5 eg] Toxf“ a;f]af; ug{] xhf/f}+ kl/jf/ a]3/af/ ePsf
5g\ . 8'afgs} sf/0f Toxf“ nufOPsf] afnL ;d]t k"0f{tM gi6 ePsf]
5 .
Psftkm{ o:tf]
l:ylt 5 eg] csf{tkm{ ev{/} dfq ef/tLo /fh"tfjf;sL k|yd ;lrj gudf dlnsn]
;f] af“w lgdf{0f ug{' ef/tsf] clwsf/ ePsf] bfjL u/]sL l5g\ . / 8'afgaf/]
cltzof]lQm / pQ]hgfTds k|rf/ u/]/ b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ;DaGwdf rL;f]kg cfPsf]
:jLsf/]sL 5g\ t/ pgn] o;sf] nflu g]kfnL k|]; lhDd]jf/ ePsf] xf:of:kb ts{ u/]sL
l5g\ . ptf :yfgLo hgtfn] eg] nId0fk'/ af“w t'?Gt eTsfpg' g} clxn]sf]
;a}eGbf pko'Qm ljsNk atfPsf 5g\ . ef/tLo ldrfxf Jojxf/n] cfhLt ag]sf
:yfgLo jfl;Gbfx? eGb}5g\– xfdL slxn];Dd ljb]zLsf] lyrf]ldrf] ;x]/ a:g] <
o;}aLr
k"j{ hn;|f]t ;lrj åfl/sfgfy 9'+u]nn] låkIfLo ;DaGwsf cf8df ef/tn] 8'afg
IF]qsf hgtfsf] eljiodfly v]njf8 ul//x]sf] hgfp“b} ;f] sfo{ tsfn aGb ug{'kg{]
atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
:d/0f/xf];\
ef/tn] g]kfnsf ^* eGbf a9L :yfgdf ;Ldf cltqmd0f u/]sf] 5 eg] dxnL;fu/, /l;ofjfn
v'b{nf]6g, nId0fk'/, sf]Onfaf; / /f}tx6 nufotsf :yfgdf PskIfLo 9ª\un] af“w
af“w]sf] 5 . lxp“bdf ;Dk"0f{ kfgL l;+rfOsf] nflu ef/tn] nu]sf] sf/0f
g]kfnL e"efu l;+rfOsf] cefjn] ;'Vvf x'g] / jiff{bdf eg] af“wsf ;a} 9f]sfx?
aGb u/]/ 8'jfgdf kfg{] u/]sf sf/0f ef/tsf] g]kfnk|ltsf] ldrfxf / k|e'TjjfbL
b[li6sf]0f klg :ki6 x'G5 . t/ g]kfnsf] pQ/bfloTjxLg ;/sf/nfO{ hgtfsf] of]
b'b{zfk|lt g s'g} rf;f] 5 g s'g} ;/f]sf/ . kLl8tx? of] HofbtLsf] cGTo
b]z3ftL ;/sf/af6 gx'g] wf/0ff JoQm ub{5g\ .
:d/0fLo
s] 5 eg] g]kfn / ef/taLr ePsf sf]zL, u08s, dxfsfnL h:tf b]z3ftL ;lGw–;Demf}tfn]
g]kfnsf] :jfledfgd} uDeL/ rf]6 k'¥ofPsf 5g\ eg] ;'uf}nL ;lGw nufot cGo
;'/Iff;DaGwL ;lGwx?n] g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfdfly g} cf}+nf] 78\ofO/x]sf 5g\
/jLGb| >]i7 l/xf
sf7df8f}+÷cfd
gful/s ;dfh, a'l4hLjLsf] Jofks bjfj kl5 jftf{sf] jftfj/0f ;xh agfpg ;/sf/n]
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf a}slNks kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o /jLGb| >]i7 / s]Gb|Lo
;b:o jfdb]j If]qLnfO{ oxL !# ut] l/xf u/]sf] 5 . g]tf >]i7nfO{ ut
;+s6sfnsf] klxnf] lbg / gof“ lbNnLdf lu/ºtf/ u/L ;'kb{uL ul/Psf If]qLnfO{
cft+ssf/L P]g cGtu{t s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/ / gVv' sf/fuf/df /flvPsf] lyof] .
k'/fgf]
a;kfs{af6 lu/ºtf/ ul/Psf ljBfyL{ g]tf 1fg]Gb| lqkf7LnfO{ xg'dfg 9f]sfaf6 l/xf
ul/Psf] 5 . t/ pxf“;“u} n'6]sf] k};f eg] lkmtf{ lbOPsf] 5}g . To;}u/L
d'df/fd vgfnnfO{ uf]/vfaf6 l/xf ul/Psf] 5 .
;z:q k|x/L zfxL ;]gfdf ufleg]
sf7df8f}+÷sl/a
^% xhf/sf] k/Dk/fut zfxL ;]gfn] ut jif{el/ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf hgd'lQm ;]gf
g]kfn;“usf] n8fOdf k/flht ePkl5 ;kf]6{ u|'kdf /x]sf ;z:q k|x/L annfO{ zfxL
;]gfdf ufEg] tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . sl/a !% xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf] ;z:q k|x/L
annfO{ zfxL ;]gflt/ ufEg /Iff ;lrj dbg cof{n / ;'/Iff kl/ifb\sf ;b:o
k|wfg;]gfklt Kof/fh+u yfkfsf] bf}8w'k rln/x]sf] s'/f pRr ;}lgs ;"qn]
hgfb]znfO{ atfPsf] 5 .
k'/fgf] ;Qfn]
;'/Iff lgsfodf rfn]sf] pQm sbdnfO{ o'4sf] tof/Lsf] ?kdf a'‰g'k5{ eg] /fhg}lts
a[Qdf Jofks ax; ePsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f Jojxf/df ;'/Iff lgsfoaf6 of] jf
Tof] gfddf jftf{ ef“8\g] xs{t b]vfp“b} o'4sf] tof/L eO/x]sf] k|i6 ?kdf a'‰g
;lsG5 . sl/a sl/a jftf{ e+u eO;s]sf] a]nf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf s=
k|r08sf] nlrnf] / tfls{s jQmJon] hf]luPsf] jftf{sf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf o:tf s'/f
;fj{hlgs x'g yfn]kl5 t];|f] jftf{df cf“r cfpg] t x}g eGg] cfz+sf hlGdPsf]
5 .
pRr ;}lgs
;"qn] atfP cg';f/ clxn] zfxL ;]gfnfO{ zlQmzfnL agfpg] qmddf ut Ps jif{leq
sl/a #) xhf/ yfg cTofw'lgs xltof/, ^÷& j6f x]lnsf]K6/ vl/b ul/Psf] 5 .
!& xhf/ ;}lgs hgzlQm ylkPsf] / Jof/]ssf] ;+Vof klg a9fOPsf] 5 . o;
qmddf ;z:q k|x/L annfO{ zfxL ;]gfdf ufleof] eg] nueu ! nfv ;+Vofdf ;}Goan
zlQmzfnL aGg ;Sg]5 eGg] ljZjf;n] of] k|of; ul/b}5 . o; cl3 ;]gfs} sdf08df
rn]sf] ;z:q k|x/L an cw{;}lgssf] ?kdf kl/rflnt lyof] . ;z:q k|x/Lsf]
;'ljwf / tflnd ;]gfs} dfkb08 cg';f/ /x]sfn] xfn clws[tb]lv hjfg;Dd u/L !%
xhf/sf] ;z:q ansf] ;+VofnfO{ @% xhf/ k'¥ofP/ zfxL ;]gfdf ufEg] of]hgf ag]sf]
5 . oBlk pQm ;"qsf] egfO{ 5– b]zsf] eofjx l:yltn] ubf{ ;+VofTds a[l4
ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g .
/, rGb ;/sf/sf] kfnfdf zfxL ;]gfsf] ultljlw Jof/]ssf]
% ls=dL= leq /xg] eGg] s'/fsf] bf];|f] jftf{sf] ;xdltn] ubf{ of] ljifo emg\
hl6n aGb} uPsf] 5 .
jftf{sf]
jftfj/0f ljufb{} hfg] k'/fgf] ;QFn] oltv]/ ;+;bjfbLx?sf] c;xof]usf] gLltnfO{
b]vfP/ jftf{ jftf{ eGb} o'4sf] tof/L ug{] ;do lslg/x]sf] cfef; ;r]t g]kfnLx?n]
ul//x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnaf/] ljb]zL 5fkfsf] rf;f]
g]kfndf cd]l/sL x:tIf]kn] p;s} ;d:ofx¿ >[hgf ug{
;S5
zflGt
jftf{nfO{ k'gM u|x0f ug{ jf 5 dlxg] o'4 lj/fdnfO{ cGTo ug{ g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL
ljb|f]xLn] ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf] % lbg] clN6d]6dn] ;+3if{sf] kbf{df b]lvPsf] cd]l/sL
pkl:yltsf] vt/fnfO{ Psk6s km]l/ /]vflÍt u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf dfux? dWo
zflGt k|lqmofdf cj/f]w k}bf ug]{ ;a} cd]l/sL ;}Go ;Nnfxsf/x?nfO{ /fhf 1fg]Gb|n]
b]z lgsfnf ug'{ k5{ eGg] dfu ;a}eGbf cf}lrTok"0f{ /x]sf] 5 . cfZro{sf]
s'/f s] 5 eg] w]/} dlxgf cl3b]lv g]kfndf a9\bf] cd]l/sL pkl:yltsf af/]df df}g
/x]sf dfcf]jfbLx?n] clxn] cfP/ cfkm"x?nfO{ cd]l/sf lj/f]wLsf] ?kdf k|:t't
u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf w]/} h;f] dfux? ;/sf/n] c:jLsf/ u/]sf] tLg lbg kl5
of] clN6d]6d k7fOPsf] 5, t/ zflGt jftf{nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg] b[9tfnfO{ eg] :jLsf/
ul/Psf] 5 . b'O{ r/0fsf] jftf{ kl5 ut d] dlxgfdf zflGt jftf{ k"0f{tof
aGbsf] l:yltdf k'u]sf] lyof] . ;/sf/l;tsf] jftf{nfO{ k'gM cl3 a9fpg
cfOk/]sf s7Lg l:yltx?nfO{ kf/ ub}{ /x“bf ut xKtf dfcf]jfbL jftf{sf/x?n]
sf7df8f}+sf] jftf{ sfof{no aGb u/]/ e"ldut ePsf lyP . cj jftf{sf]
k|lqmofdf kms{gsf] nflu cfºgf k|:tfjx?df dfcf]jfbLx?n] /fhf;+u} k|ToIf jftf{
ug]{ / zfxL ;]gf tyf cd]l/sfsf] jftf{ lj/f]wL e"ldsfnfO{ /f]s nufpg s8f
sbd rfNg kg]{ atfP . oBlk ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLsf % dWo @ dfux?nfO{ :jLsf/
ul/;s]sf] 5 tf klg k'gM 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] ;z:q ;+3if{sf] r'gf}tLsf] ts{;+ut cGTo
eg] eO;s]sf] 5}g .
g]kfndf ePsf
oL ljsf;x?n] ef/t nufot c?x?sf] cf“vf vf]lnlbg] sfd ePsf] x'g'k5{, h;n] cd]l/sL
x:tIF]knfO{ cfGtl/s ;z:q ljb|f]xb]lv =========== ;a} /f]ux? lgsf] kfg]{ /fdjf0f
(Panacea) 7fGb5g\ . gof“ lbNnLdf a:g]x?n] of] dx;'; ug'{ k5{ ls o:tf]
x:tIf]kn] cfºg} ;d:ofx? dfq k}bf ug{ ;Sb5 . oyfy{df, sf7df08f}+nfO{ sdfgdf
/fVbf, ;fpy Ans (South Block)
cfkm} g]kfndf cd]l/sL pkl:yltnfO{ a9fpg nflu
k/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL;+u jftf{sf] nflu 9f]sf v'Nnf ul/;Sbf;Dd klg cd]l/sf
-j]nfot / a]lNhod ;lxt_ n] zfxL ;]gfsf] n8\g] Ifdtfdf clej[l4 ug{ ef/L dfqfdf
xft xltof/x? k7fO/x]sf]df cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] lyof] . gj]{nLåf/f ;Ifdtfsf;fy
dWo:y ul/Ob} cfPsf] >Ln+sfsf] zflGt k|lqmof hf] Pp6f ;fgf] dfdnf xf], klg
cd]l/sLs} sf/0fn] 6f]lsof] bft[ b]zx?sf] e]nf eGbf klxn] g} jflz¨6g ;]ldgf/
nuQ} e¨ eof] . tL, h;n] cfºgf] b]z leqsf jf l5d]sLsf cfGtl/s ;d:ofx?
cd]l/sfdf nu]/ ;dfwfg ug]{ jsfnt u5{g\, ltgLx?n] cfTd;ft\ ug}{ k5{ ls
jflz¨6gsf] gLlt cd]l/sL /0fg}lts p2]Zoåf/f lgb]{lzt 5, h;n] ;xsfo{ ug{ rfxg] c?
b]zx?sf /fli6«o cyjf ;'/IffTds lxtx?sf] ;]jf ug'{ cfjZos 5}g .
b 6fOD; ckm Ol08of, nvgpm, cu:t !, sf] ;DkfbsLoaf6
e]s df]8]n lhNnfsf va/x?
b]zsf] ljs6
a:tLdf e]/L–s0ff{nLsf] df]8]n lhNnf 3f]if0ff ePsf] nuQ} df]8]n lhNnf
;'b[9Ls/0fdf nfu]sf] 5 . /, ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfo{df klg Jo:t /x]sf] ;dfrf/
5 .
Onfsfel/sf
Pdfn] dfcf]jfbLdf k|j]z M df]8]n lhNnf cGtu{t Pdfn]sf] ;f+u7lgs ;+/rgf Onfsf
g+= ^ /x]sf] Pl/ofdf Pdfn] Onfsf ;lrj afx]s ;a}n] dfcf]jfbLdf k|j]z u/]sf
5g\ . pQm ;dfrf/ cg';f/ nfdf] ;dob]lv Pdfn] klg sDo'lgi6 xf] / ul/asf] lxt
ug{ ;S5 eGg] ;f]rsf ;fy /x] klg tL ;a} s'/f sf]/f sNkgf dfq ePsfn] Pdfn]
k|ltlqmofjfbdf ktg eO;s]sf], lgDg k"“hLjfbL lrGtgn] PsbdS} u|:t, u'6ut dfgl;stf,
r/d s';L{ / JolQmut :jfy{ / gLlt sfo{qmd k"“hLjfbL;“u gaf‰g] u/L lgdf{0f
u/]sf]n] kf6L{ kl/Tofu u/]sf] ;a}sf] k|ltlglwTj ub{} Onfsf OGrfh{ xl/axfb'/
yfkfn] Ps lj1lKt Ps sfo{qmddf afrg ug{' ePsf] lyof] . ;f]xL cj;/df ljb|f]x
ug{]x?df pk;lrj t'naxfb'/ l;+x, Onfsf ;b:ox? qmdzM k[YjLaxfb'/ l;+x, sfnLaxfb'/
l;+x, nfnaxfb'/ /f]sfo, sfnLaxfb'/ sfsL{, e"=k"= uflj; cWoIfx? chlj/
l;+x / eLDaxfb'/ l;+x tyf tTsfnLg ljBfyL{ ;lrj nf]s/fh l;+xn] ;fd"lxs ?kdf
k|lta4tf ;fy ;z:q ;+3if{sf] cfd sfo{lbzfnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug{] afrf u/L
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{df k|j]z ug{'ePsf] 5 . o;}aLr g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
Pl/of g+= $ sf tkm{af6 OGrfh{, ;]qm]6/L lj/fu h]=jL=n] ljb|f]x ug{] ;a}df
xflb{s wGojfb lng' ePsf] 5 . :d/0f/xf];\ df]8]ndf kg{] Onfsf g+= $ sf
;Dk"0f{ Pdfn] sfo{stf{x? of] eGbf cufl8 ;of}+ hgtfsf] aLr Ps sfo{qmd
cfof]hgf u/L k"0f{sfnLg aGg] afrf ul/;s]sf 5g\ .
ljBfyL{
;+u7gsf] sdfg k|lzIf0f ;DkGgM df]8]n lhNnf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ Pl/of g+= # / $
sf] ;+o'Qm k|lzIf0f ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;dfrf/ cg';f/ ljBfyL{ ;+u7g ;}lIfs
cfGbf]ng ul//x]s} a]nf ljBfyL{x?df jt{dfg kl/l:yltaf/]df oyfy{ lrq0f ug{sf]
nflu pQm k|lzIf0f cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . ;+rfns lhNnf ;ldlt sf]iffWoIf
;fljtf zfxL x'g'x'GYof] eg] ;efklt lhNnf pkfWoIf df]ltnfn v8\sf /xg' ePsf]
lyof] . k|d'v cltly ;+u7gsf s]=;=;= k"0f{axfb'/ l;+x, ljBfyL{
k|mofS;g OGrfh{ lj/fu h]=jL=, cWoIf gogaxfb'/ /fgf, kf6L{ 8L=;L=Pd= ;'zLn,
dlxnf lhNnf sld6L ;x;lrj kfj{tL yfkf x'g'x'GYof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{
Pl/of ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 Pl/of g+= # sf] tkm{af6 sfnLaxfb'/ lj=;L= / Pl/of g+= $
sf] tkm{af6 dx]Gb| l;+x cf–cfºgf] l/kf]6{ /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . bf];|f]
r/0fdf k|lzIf0f ljifoj:t' ljut cfGbf]ng / sfo{lbzfaf/]df gogaxfb'/ /fgfn],
df]8]n lgdf{0f / lzIfs ljBfyL{sf] e"ldsfaf/] lj/fu h]=jL=n] / jt{dfg
kl/l:ylt / ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng / ;d;fdlos ;jfnaf/]df s]=;=;= k"0f{axfb'/
l;+xn] /fVg' ePsf] lyof] .
hgs hgr]tgf
k':tsfno :yfkgfM df]8]n lhNnfsf] k|To]s ufh;df Ps k':tsfno /fVg] lg0f{o eP
cg';f/ gfosaf8fdf xfn} k':tsfno vf]lnPsf] 5 . o:t} ;a}lt/ k':tsfno pb\3f6g
sfo{ wdfwd eO/x]sf] 5 .
zfxL ;]gfl;t
uf]Ko ;f“7uf“7M zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] cfwf/If]qleq k|j]z u/L l/kf]6{ ;+sng ug{
:jf:Yo lzlj/sf] axfgf agfP/ e]/L–s0ff{nL If]qsf] df]8]n lhNnfdf k|j]z u/]sf]
lyof] . k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ gfosaf8f hfg] egL lx8]sf] zfxL ;]gf afWotfa;
/fdL8f“8fdf k'Uof] . lemgf] ?kn] pkrf/sf] sfd u/fof] . ToxL cj:yfdf
gfosaf8f ufh; /f]sfofufp“ lgjf;L /fk|kf sfo{stf{ tyf lzIfs 3d08 zfxsf ;kl/jf/n]
zfxL ;]gfl;t e]6]/ pkrf/ ug{] eGbf ljmqmL ug{] cf}ifwL NofP . ;f] s'/f
Toxf“sf ufp“n]x?n] hgfb]z k|ltlglw;“u atfPsf 5g\ .
k|yd
af]Tn] :d[lt ;ef
bf]nvf÷oxL >fj0f !* ut] sf6fs'6L ufh;sf]
af]Tn]df xTof ul/Psf !% hgf dxfg\ zxLbx?sf] ;Demgfdf :d[lt;ef eJo ?kdf ;DkGg
eof] . g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ ! g+=sf lhNnf ;+u7g ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf ePsf]
pQm sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6Jo"/f] ;b:o tyf
k"jf{~rn If]qLo Jo"/f] OGrfh{ sd/]8 af]Tn]sf] /utn] qmflGtnfO{ lg/Gt/
phf{ lbO/x]sf] / o:t} P]ltxfl;s 36gfx?af6 k|fKt ePsf] s]Gb|Ls[t phf{in] cfh
cfºgf] kf6L{nfO{ ljZj qmflGtsf] ;]jf ug{] dxfg\ cj;/ k|fKt ePsf]
atfpg'eof] . dxfg\ zxLb kl/jf/hgx?nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{] qmddf efjljef]/ x'“b}
pxf“n] eGg'eof]– af]Tn]df au]sf] /ut v]/ hfg lbg] 5}gf}+ a? Toxf“ au]sf] /utsf]
a'“ba'“bsf] d"No r'Qmf ug{]5f}+ .k|d'v cltlysf] cf;gaf6 sfo{qmdnfO{
;Daf]wg ub{} sd/]8 s~rgn] eGg'eof]– kf6L{n] cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] zflGtk|ltsf]
rfxgfsf] sb/ ub{} cu|ufdL lgsf;sf] lgldQ jftf{df uPsf] t/ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] o;nfO{
uDeL/tfk"j{s glnPsf] atfp“b} pxf“n] eGg'eof]– cl3Nnf] r/0fdf ePsf]
;dembf/LnfO{ kfngf ug{ cfºgf] kf6L{ nfluk/]sf] t/ zfxL ;]gf / k'/fgf] ;QfkIf
To;nfO{ pNn+3g ug{ lg/Gt/ nflu/x]sf] atfpg'eof] .
@)–#) ls=dL= 6f9f uP/ cfºgf] lgz:q sfo{stf{
lu/ºtf/ u/]sf] / bh{gf}+ sfo{stf{sf] xTof ePsf] tYo k|:t't ub{} pxf“n]
eGg'eof]– k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;+rfnsx?df clnslt klg ;'ema'em af“sL /x]sf] 5 eg] zfxL
;]gfsf ;a} x/stx?nfO{ cljnDa /f]sL jftf{sf] jftfj/0f cem} ;xh agfpg'kb{5 .
:d[lt;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} sd/]8 s~rgn] eGg'eof]– jftf{sf] df]rf{ 5f8]/ xfdL
o'4df kms{]sf 5}gf}+ t/ bf];|f] r/0fdf cfºg} ;/sf/n] u/]sf] ;xdltnfO{ tf]8]/
hgtfnfO{ cft+lst kfg{] zfxL ;]gf xfd|f] cfwf/If]qdf cfp“5 eg] hgd'lQm ;]gf xft
af“w]/ a:g] 5}g .
cf;gaf6 sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub{} ;}Go
Jo"/f] OGrfh{ s= k/jfgfn] eGg'eof]– af]Tn] alnbfgsf] Pp6f dxfg\ ufyf ePsf]
5 . af]Tn]n] lbPsf] ;Gb]z eg]sf] o'4nfO{ emg csf{] prfOdf p7fpg' g}
xf] . g]kfnL hgtfsf] zflGtk|ltsf] rfxgfnfO{ sb/ ub{} cu|udgsf] Ph]08f
k|:t't u/]sf] olt nfdf];do ljlt;Sbf klg k'/fgf] ;Qfn] To;dfly ;fdfGo 5nkmn ;d]t
gugf{n] pm jftf{ rfxb}g eGg] k|i6 ePsf] 5 . cfºgf] kf6L{ / dxfg\ hgd'lQm
;]gf ;+odtfk"j{s jftf{af6} cu|ufdL lgsf;sf] lgldQ k|og/t /x]sf] olt x'“bfx'“b}
klg k'/fgf] ;Qfn] jftf{ ljyf]Nof] eg] @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] k|r08kysf] ;}Go
/0fgLltsf] cl3 k|ltlqmofjfbL ;}Go /0fgLlt rf“8} tx;gx; x'g]5 . k/jfgfn]
eGg'eof] . To:t} cltlysf] cf;gaf6 af]Nb} g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
s= sdnn] af]Tn] qmflGtsf] bLklzvf hnfO/xg] P]ltxfl;s w/f]x/ ag]sf] atfp“b} b]z
/ hgtfnfO{ dfof gug{]x? jftf{ ljyf]Ng if8\oGqdf nflu/x]sf 5g\ eGg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf bf]nvf lhNnf OGrfh{ s= b]jzaGw'n] af]Tn] 36gf ;+zf]wgjfbLx?sf] lgs[i6
ljrf/sf] pkh /x]sf] atfp“b} af]Tn] xTofsf08sf vnkfqx?nfO{ cfkm"x?n]
lrg]sf] / s]xLnfO{ b08 lbO;s]sf] atfp“b} ck/fwLx?nfO{ ck/fw cg';f/sf] ;hfo
lbP/} 5f8\g] k|lta4tf JoQm ug{'eof] .
;f] sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng bf]nvf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
cl:dtfn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] ;efkltTj bf]nvf hg;/sf/ k|d'v z+s/ nfdfn]
ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;fy} sfo{qmddf snfsf/x?n] ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmd ;d]t k|:t't
u/]sf lyP . :d/0f/xf];\, ut jif{ ;fpg !% ut] o; lhNnfsf] sf6fs'6L ufh;sf]
af]Tn] eGg] 7fp“df !% hgfeGbf a9L dfcf]jfbL g]tf tyf sfo{stf{sf] ;'/Iff kmf}hn]
3]/f xfnL xTof u/]sf lyP .
clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_åf/f dfu kq k|:t't
uf]/vf÷clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ uf]/vfn] @!
;"qLo dfu /fvL cfGbf]ngdf pq]sf] atfPsf] 5 . cg]/f:jljo"
-qmflGtsf/L_ uf]/vfsf cWoIf k|bLk zfxåf/f x:tfIfl/t dfukq lzIff dGqfno, lhNnf
k|zf;g, lhlzsf, KofA;g, lq=lj=lj= / pRr df=lj= lzIff kl/ifb\df a'emfOPsf]
;dfrf/ 5 . pQm dfu kqdf jt{dfg /fhgLlts lgsf;, ljBfyL{x?n] kfpg'kg{] ;'ne
lzIffsf af/]df a9L hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .
;fpg !% ut] lhNnf lzIff sfof{no uf]/vfsf
lhNnf lzIff clwsf/LnfO{ a'emfOPsf] ;f] dfukqdf ut c;f/ @% ut] s]Gb|Lo ;+u7gn]
a'emfPsf dfux? k"/f ul/of];\ / z}lIfs ;+3 ;+:yfdf ul/Psf] ;/sf/L HofbtL
aGb ul/of];\ elgPsf] 5 . lhNnf ;ldlt uf]/vfn] s]Gb|Lo dfux?nfO{ k|fyldstf
lbP/ cfGbf]ngdf plqPsf] ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 .
;'v]{t
lhNnf hg;/sf/sf lg0f{ox?
lhNnf ;+o'Qm hg;ldlt ;'v]{tsf] bf]>F]
a}7sn] hg;'/Iff, Gofo, lzIff, :jf:Yo, ljsf; lgdf{0f cflb ljljw ljefux?nfO{
Jojl:yt / ;'rf? ?kn] rnfpg ljefuLo ;ldltx? u7g u/]sf] 5 . h; cg';f/
hg;'/Iff M anaxfb'/ v8\sf, Gofo–sdn yfkf, cfly{s–/fdaxfb'/ rkfO{+, lzIff,
:jf:Yo tyf ;+:s[lt –7Dd/ lji6, :yfgLo ljsf; lgdf{0f–eLdaxfb'/ dNn, jg tyf e'ld
Joj:yfkg– v8\saxfb'/ 3tL{, pBf]u, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L– jfz'b]j zdf{, k|sfzg tyf
;"rgf ;~rf/ jlsn– k|sfz zfxL, dlxnf jfn jflnsf tyf ;dfh sNof0f ljefudf
;Ltf g]kfnL /xg' ePsf] 5 .
Clif uf}tdsf] cWoIFtfdf ;DkGg pQm j}7sn]
lhNnfsf] du/f“t :jfoQ Onfsfdf Ps xft] du/f“t :jfoQOnfsf hfu/0f cleofg ;~rfng
ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . :d/0f/xf];\ ut h]i7 @* / @( ut] ;DkGg k|yd lhNnf
e]nfn] du/ft afx'Notf /x]sf ;f6fvfgL, g]6f, sNof0f, bz/yk'/, n]vkm;f{ /
u'dLnfO{ du/ft :jfoQOnfsf lgdf{0f u/]sf] lyof] .
o;/L g} klxnf] r/0fsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fcGtu{t
b'Oj6f k'n / Pp6f vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf o;} cfly{s jif{df ;GkGg ug]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf]
5 . hgtfsf] ;'/Iff / kl/jt{gsf] rfxgfnfO{ k'/f ug]{ k|d'v p2]Zo ;lxt
eLif0f n8fOsf] s7Lg kl/l:yltdf ;d]t hgtf;+u} hgtfs} ;xeflutfdf ljljw sfo{x?
ub}{ hfg] s'/f lhNnf hg;/sf/sf ;b:o ;d/axfb'/ lj=s=n] hgfb]znfO{
atfpg'eof] .
snfsf/x?
pTkfbg sfo{df h'6]
u'NdL÷clvn g]kfn hg;f“:s[lts ;+3 cGtu{t
/];'¨f hgd'lQm ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/ u'NdLsf snfsf/x? hgtf;“u >dsfo{ / ljsf;
lgdf{0fsfo{df ;l/s ePsf 5g\ . k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ h's]gf, Pskf6],
9'+u]kf6f, cf?kf6f, /ftfdf6f, 7"nfrf}/, Dofn w8]gL nufotsf :yfgx?df sf]bf]
/f]Kg], afnL uf]8\g] sfo{x? ;f] 6f]nLsf sld;f/ ljZjf;sf] g]t[Tjdf ;DkGg ePsf
5g\ . snfsf/x?n] u'NdLsf] bf]xf]nLdf s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚ :d[lt u]6sf]
lgdf{0f u/L ;f] u]6sf] pb\3f6g Ps hg;efsfaLr u/]sf 5g\ . pQm u]6sf]
pb\3f6g kl/jf/sf cWoIf czf]s yfkfn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] eg] c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_
lhNnf ;lrj l/Hh' >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf pb3f6g sfo{ qmd ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
sfo{qmddf dlxnf k|ltlglw ;kgf nufotsf jQmfx?n] dGtJo lbg'ePsf] lyof] eg]
t/fd'n] ;~rfng ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
cf:yfsf
aGbLx? cfGbf]lnt
s~rgk'/÷s]Gb|Lo sf/fuf/df /x]sf cf:yfsf
aGbLx?n] u/]sf] cfGbf]ngk|lt P]Soa4tf hgfp“b} cfGbf]ng z'? u/]sf s~rgk'/
sf/fuf/sf aGbLx?sf] dfuk|lt :yfgLo k|+zf;gn] s'g} ;'g'jfO gu/]kl5 aGbLx?n] yk
cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmdx? 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . bf];|f] r/0fsf cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf
Toxf“ /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ cf:yfsf aGbLx?n] >fj0f !) ut]b]lv ;f“em laxfgsf]
uGtL alxisf/ u/]sf 5g\ . >fj0f !@ ut]b]lv ^ hgf -b]jLnfn rf}w/L, jL/axfb'/
yfkf, v'zL/fd rf}w/L, /fh]z rf}w/L, s/dnfn rf}w/L, zLnf s'df/L rf}w/L_ cfd/0f
cg;gdf a:g' ePsf] 5 . To:t} >fj0f !^ ;Dd dfuk|lt ;'g'jfO gePdf !^
ut]b]lv clglZrt sfn;Ddsf] nflu sf/fuf/sf] d'nu]6 tfnfaGbL ug{] aGbLx?n] hgfPsf
5g\ . cf:yfsf aGbLx?n] b]jLnfn rf}w/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf Ps ;+3if{ ;ldlt klg
u7g u/]sf 5g\ .
bf]nvf
/ b}n]vdf hgk|lt/f]w
bf]nvf÷hg;]gf / zfxL ;]gfaLr bf]nvfsf] gfDb'
ufh;sf] a':tL eGg] :yfgdf cs:dft hDsfe]6 x'“bf bf]xf]/f] eL8Gt ePsf] 5 .
cfrf/;+lxtfsf] pNn+3g ub{} hgtfnfO{ cft+lst kf/]/ lxl8/x]sf] pQm ;}Go 6's8L
a':tL eGg] :yfgdf k'Ugf;fy hg;]gf;“u cfdg];fdg] ePsf lyP . dfcf]jfbL kf6L{
uDeL/tfk"j{s jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf al;/x]sf] a]nf lgMz:q cj:yfdf /x]sf
sfo{stf{nfO{ lu/ºtf/Lkl5 xTof ug{] pQm 6's8L hg;]gf;“u cfwf 306f klg l6Sg g;s]sf]
va/ :yfgLo jf;Ln] hgfb]znfO{ atfPsf 5g\ .
hg;]gf;“usf] jf:tljs n8fO“df k/L cfwf bh{g
hlt ;]gf uDeL/ 3fOt] ePkl5 cQflnP/ efu]sf] ;]gfn] gof“ k'n ahf/sf hgtfnfO{
cft+lst dfq kf/]g rl/sf]6l:yt ;}lgs u'Nd, lh/Ldf /x]sf] z]/h+u u0f / /fd]5fkdf
;}lgs Aof/]saf6 vl6Psf ;]gfx?n] c/lgsf] /fhdfu{sf ;a} ofq' / a6'jfx?nfO{
vfgtnf;Lsf] gfddf k"/} cft+lst kf/]sf 5g\ . t];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{ x'g
nfu]sf] cj:yfdf 36]sf] pQm 36gf ;]gfsf] HofbltnfO{ /f]Sg hg;]gfn] u/]sf] pQm
sfjf{xL plrt /x]sf] ljZn]ifsx?sf] 7x/ 5 .
;j{;fwf/0f hgtfnfO{ cft+lst kfb{} lx8]sf
zfxL ;]gf;“u cs:dft hDsfe]6 ePkl5 ;r{sf] gfddf hg;]gfnfO{ 3]/f xfNg], x/st
b]vfPkl5 afWo eP/ cfTd;'/Iffsf] nflu eL8Gt ug{' k/]sf] dfcf]jfbL ;"qn]
hgfPsf] 5 . bf];|f] r/0fdf ePsf] ;xdltnfO{ sfof{Gjog u/]/ ufp“ a:tLdf
hgtfnfO{ cft+lst kfg{] sfd aGb u/]df cfkm"x? eL8Gtsf] kIFdf g/x]sf] a?
oyf;Dej jftf{af6 cu|ufdL lgsf;sf] lgldQ k|oTgzLn /x]sf] hg;]gfn] atfPsf] s'/f
xfd|f ;+jfbbftfn] hgfPsf 5g\ .
b}n]vdf
Ps dlxnfsf] xTof, gf} lu/km\tf/
;'v{]t ;b/d'sfdaf6 @) sf]if pQ/ k"j{df kg{]
b}n]v nfnLsf“8f ufh;sf] w/dkf]v/fdf zfxL ;]gfn] cGwfw'Gw uf]nL xfgL Ps dlxnfsf]
xTof u/]sf 5g\ eg] ( hgfnfO{ cfOtaf/ /flt g} ckx/0f u/L b}n]vl:yt ;}lgs
Aof/]sdf r/d oftgf lbP/ /flvPsf] ;dfrf/ 5 .
hgfb]z ;+jfbbftfsf cg';f/ ut cfOtaf/ a]n'sL zfxL ;]gfåf/f
gSsnL eL8Gtsf] k|rf/ u/L lj/Kkg z}nldf 5fkf df/]/ ckx/0f ul/Psf] pQm 36gfdf
dfl/PsL dlxnfnfO{ 3]/f tf]8\g] qmddf uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/Psf] xf] . zfxL
;]gfåf/f xTof ul/PsL o'jtL lgnd gfd u/]sL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ x'g\ elgP klg
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] k'li6 u/]sf] 5}g . oBlk pQm 36gfaf6 cft+lst eP/ ;'v{]t
k'u]sf :yfgLo Ps ls;fgn] eGg'eof]– æzfxL ;]gfn] ufp“df ;nx eP/ n'6kf6 dRrfp“b}
5, o'jfo'jtL b]Vof] ls dfcf]jfbL eG5 aGb's t]:of{O xfN5 . d t jftf{ e+u
eP5 eg]/ Hofg hf]ufpg n'Sb} efUb} oxf“ -;'v{]t_ k'u]+ . gfd g5fKg] zt{df
ufp“sf] cj:yf atfpg] tL ls;fgn] atfPsf] cj:yfn] ufp“df zfxL ;]gfsf] ultljlwn]
jftf{ e+u eO;s]sf] cfefz ldNb5 .
sf:sL÷k|fs[lts Pj+ ko{6sLo dxTjsf] ;'Gb/ gu/L kf]v/fsf] Po/kf]6{ ;'/Iffsf nflu vl6Psf k|x/L lj6sf clws[t gn/fh kf7ssf] unt sfo{z}nLk|lt qm"4 ePsf kLl8tx?n] cfkm"x? Gofo vf]Hg hgcbfnt;Dd k'u]sf] atfPsf 5g\ .
kf7sn] ljdfg:ynleq cfly{s sf/f]af/ ug{] JolQmx? rf}lj;} 306f
ljgf /f]s6f]s k|j]z ug{] cg'dlt lbOPsf], b'u{d lhNnfdf ;fdfg k7fpg] Ph]06
dfkm{t\ sldzg vfg] u/]sf], sf7df8f}+, hf]d;f]d / dgfªsf l6s6 laqmLaf6 cfpg]
sldzg lng] u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] ;'/Iff hf“rsf] gfddf ofq'x?nfO{ k6sk6s zf/Ll/s
dfgl;s oftgf lbg] u/]sf], cfkm"nfO{ ;xof]u gug{] Ph]06x?nfO{ sfuf{] k7fpg
c;xof]u ug{] u/]sf], cfkm"nfO{ dg gkg{] ljdfg:ynsf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ o'lgkmd{
gnufPsf], skfn gsf6]sf] jxfgfdf Pc/kf]6{leq l5g{ glbg] u/]sf] , sfuf{]sf] k};f
Pc/nfOG;nfO{ glbg] u/]sf] Pj+ Jofkf/Lx?;“u lPsf] ;fk6 k};f gltg{] u/]sf] s'/f
kLl8tx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . ælg/LIfs gn/fh kf7ssf] x's'dL zf;gsf lj?4 Gofo
vf]Hg] ;a} af6f aGb ePkl5 hgcbfnt u'xfg{ cfkm"x? afWo ePsf 5f}+ .Æ
cfºgf] gfd ;fj{hlgs gug{] zt{df kLl8tx?n] hgfb]z ;Djfbbftf;“u atfP .
sf7df8f+}÷ut
jif{ k|x/L lx/f;tdf dfl/Psf slj Pj+ kqsf/ s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚnfO{ nf]s]Gb| zfx
;flxTo k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt ul/Psf] 5 . OR5's d/0ff]k/fGt o; cl3 s[i0fdl0f
;flxTo k'/:sf/, kfl/hft l;h{gzLn k'/:sf/af6 ;Ddflgt x'g' eO;s]sf] 5 . !)
xhf/ /fzLsf] pQm k'/:sf/ OR5's / ;'/]zh+u zfxnfO{ ;+o'Qm ?kdf k|bfg ul/Psf]
lyof] .
zlgaf/ a}+s;{ Sna yfkfynLdf cfof]lht Ps
sfo{qmddf nf]s]Gb| zfxsf lktf s]bf/h+u zfxn] k'/:s[t JolQmTjx?nfO{ k|ultzLn
k'/:sf/ / k|df0fkq ljt/0f ug{'ePsf] lyof] . ;]gn] g]kfnL ;flxTodf lbPsf]
of]ubfg / b]z / hgtfsf] d'lQmsf nflu gem'sL alnbfg lbPsf sf/0f pxf“sf] zxfbtkl5
;Ddfg:j?k d/0ff]k/fGt k'/:sf/ k|bfg ul/Psf] xf]] .
k'/:sf/ ljt/0f sfo{qmddf s[i0f ;]gsL wd{kTgL
tSdf s]=;L=n] ;]gsf ljrf/x? slxNo} gdg{] / ;]gn] lx8]sf] af6f] ;kmn x'g] atfpg'eof] .
kqsf/ k|]d s}bLn] ;]gnfO{ h'lno; ºo"lrs / r]v08f/fh';“u t'ngf ub}{ ;]g
To:t} dxfg\ zxLb ePsf] atfpg'eof] . ;fy} ;]gaf/] cfºgf] dGtJo /fVb}
a'l4hLjL tyf kqsf/ O{Zj/rGb| 1jfnLn] ;]g dfgjLo ;+j]bgfsf k|v/ slj / Gofo,
;dfgtf / d'lQmsf nflu n8\b} jL/ult kfPs]f of]4f ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly jfdb]j uf}tdn]
;d;fdlos /fhgLltaf/] cfºgf] wf/0ff /fVg'ePsf] lyof] . n]vs gf/fo0f 9sfnn]
:j= nf]s]Gb| zfxsf] af/]df rrf{ ug{'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmd nf]s]Gb| u'7Lsf]
cfof]hgfdf jl/i7 kqsf/ Pj+ hgfb]z ;fKtflxssf ;Nnfxsf/ zlQm nD;fnsf] ;efkltTjdf
;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ut jif{ ljljw sf/0fjz k|bfg ug{ g;lsPsf] ;f]
k'/:sf/ pkGof;sf/ gog/fh kf08]nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
a]lNhodjf;L
g]kfnLåf/f k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkg kq
sf7df8f}+÷dfcf]jfbLn]
/fhg}lts lgsf;sf nflu k|:t't u/]sf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ tyf
;+ljwfg;efsf] dfux? sfof{Gjog ug{'kg{] nufot & j6f dfux? ;lxt k|wfgdGqLnfO{
;fpg !$ ut] Ps 1fkg kq k]z u/]sf] 5 . a]lNhodsf] /fhwfgL a|;]N;l:yt g]kfnL
/fhb"tfjf;dfkm{t k7fOPsf] pQm 1fkgkqdf gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{
cljnDa z'? ug{ dfu ul/Psf] 5 .
1fkgkqdf k|hftflGqs ljlwåf/f gof“ ;+ljwfg
lgdf{0f ug{'kg{] P]ltxfl;s clgjfo{tf / ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtfsf] pTs6 rfxgf
xf] eGb} cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgsf; cfhsf] cfjZostf ePsf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
g]kfn hgk|ultzLn d~r a]lNhodsf cWoIf s[i0f vltj8fn] a]lNhodjf;L g]kfnLsf]
tkm{af6 a'emfpg' ePsf] kqdf o'4lj/fdsf] cfrf/;+lxtf kfngf ug{, b'j} r/0fsf
jftf{sf ;xdlt nfu" ug{ / lglZrGt eP/ jftf{sf] jftfj/0f agfpg ;d]t dfu
ul/Psf] 5 . kqdf ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf] k|hftflGqs ljlwåf/f k"0f{
k|hftflGqs Pj+ ;dtfd"ns ;+/rgfdf cfwfl/t gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] clgjfo{
P]ltxfl;s cfjZostfnfO{ ljgfzt{ :jLsf/L cljnDa k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg g]kfnL
/fHo;Qf;“u xfdL a]lNhodjf;L g]kfnLx? hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}+ elgPsf] 5 .
kfNkfdf
;j{kIfLo cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg
kfNkf÷oxL
>fj0f !* df g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ kfNkf lhNnf ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf
æ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{df gful/s ;dfh / ;+;bLo kf6L{x?sf] e"ldsfÆ ljifos
ljrf/uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] . pQm ljrf/uf]i7L kf6L{ k|ltlglw tyf
sfo{qmdsf k|d'v cltly gjLg zdf{n] jt{dfgdf b]vfk/]sf] /fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg
gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0faf6 dfq x'g ;Sg] atfpg'eof] . clxn] b]vf k/]sf]
;+s6 s'g} cfsl:ds jf cflZjg !* kl5 dfq b]vf k/]sf] ge} o;sf h/fx? ))&
;fnb]lv ljBdfg /x]sf lyP eGb} pxf“n] b]zdf ePsf 7"nf 7"nf @ j6f
hgljb|f]xx? ))& ;fn / )$^ ;fnn] /fHo;Qfsf] d"n d]?b08sf ?kdf /x]sf]
;z:q an k'/fgf] ;Qf;+u} 5f8L k|hftGq k|flKtsf] ljZn]if0f ug{] sfd eof] h;sf]
sf/0fn] ubf{ g} b]zdf k6s k6s k|ltudgsf/L 36gfx? bf]xf]l/Psf] atfpg'eof] .
pxf“n] ;+;bLo kf6L{x?sf] bf]xf]/f] rl/qsf] ljZn]if0f ub{} pxf“x? Psftkm{
;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{ ;kmn x'g'kb{5 eGg'x'G5 csf{]tkm{ jt{dfg ;/sf/;“usf] jftf{
kl/0ffd'vL x'b}g eGg'x'G5, pxf“x?n] slxn] jftf{nfO{ xfdL x/;Dej ;xof]u ub{5f}+
eGg'x'G5 clg slxn] xfdL jftf{df ;xefuL x'“b}gf}+ eGg'x'G5 of] s:tf]vfnsf]
ljZn]if0f xf] hgtfnfO{ a'‰g s7Lg ePsf] 5 eGg'eof] . pxf“n] eGg'eof]–
olta]nf Oltxf;n] ;a}sf] k/LIff lnO/x]sf] 5 of] ;+j]bgzLn 38Ldf j:t'l:yltn] dfu
u/] cg'?ksf] r]tgf :jLsfg{ ;lsPg eg] ;a}sf] cl:tTj gfd]6 x'g]5 . Oltxf;df
b]lvPsf 7"nf7"nf kf6L{x? klg ;docg's"nsf] sfo{lbzf lgwf{/0f ug{
g;Sbf gi6 eP/ uPsf 5g\ . o;y{ bDe / cx+sf/nfO{ Tofu ub{} /fi6« lgdf{0fsf]
lbzfdf cufl8 a9\g' g} ;dosf] dfu /x]sf] 5 . cGTodf pxf“n] kf6L{ jftf{df
clGtd ;do;Dd al;/xg] / clxn] jftf{ e+u eof] eg] Tof] kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 xf]Og ls
k'/fgf] ;QfkIfsf] tkm{af6 x'g] atfpg'eof] .
ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf ;+ho
k|wfgn] jftf{ e+u x'g gx'g] / jftf{ kl/0ffdd'vL x'g'kg{]df hf]8 lbg'eof] .
gful/s ;dfhsf] tkm{af6 pdfgfy cfq]on] tLgkIfaLrsf] ;dembf/L gx'“bf;Dd jftf{ kl/0ffdd'vL
gx'g] atfpg'eof] . l/kf]6;{ Snasf cWoIf k|sfz vgfnn] ;a} ldn]/ jftf{nfO{
kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . PDg]i6L kfNkfsf k|ltlglw
dfwj g]kfnn] gful/s ;dfhsf] OR5f / rfxgf zflGt ePsf] / To;sf] lgldQ b'j}kIf
uDeL/ eP/ nfUg'kg{] atfpg'eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ sf lhNnf
cWoIf uDeL/h+u sfsL{n] ))& ;fndf /fhf lqe'jgn] ;d]t :jLsf/ u/]sf]
;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;+;bLo kf6L{x?n] c:jLsfg{' a'‰g g;lsg] s'/f ePsf]
atfpg'eof] .
OG;]ssf k|ltlglw s[i0f a:ofnn] dfcf]jfbLn]
jftf{af6} lgsf; vf]lh/x]sf] t/ ;+;bLo kf6L{ To;k|lt uDeL/ / ;sf/fTds gePsf]
pNn]v ub{} jftf{nfO{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg'kg{] s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] . b]p/fnL
klqsfsf ;Dkfbs tyf kqsf/ dxf;+3sf e"=k"= pkfWoIf d]3/fh zdf{n]
jftf{sf] lglDt jftfj/0f agfpg h?/L 5, clxn] jftfj/0f alg;s]sf] 5}g .
;+;bLo kf6L{x?n] jftf{df a:g] eGg] t/ cfkm"x? ;xefuL gx'g] of] /fd|f]
ePg . kqsf/ dxf;+3sf lhNnf ;efklt emk]Gb| u}/]n] jftf{ kl/0ffdd'vL agfpg
cfkm"x? h:tf];'s} e"ldsf v]Ng klg tof/ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pQm
uf]i7Ldf /f=k|=kf=sf lhNnf cWoIf 8'naxfb'/ s'“j/, g]=/f=lz=;+3sf s]Gb|Lo
pkfWoIf dLgaxfb'/ s]=;L= nufotn] cfºgf ljrf/ /fVg'ePsf] lyof] .
;+;bLo kf6L{x?nfO{ cfdGq0f ul/Psf] t/
kfNkfdf c:tJo:t ltg} kf6L{x? cg'kl:yt /x]sf]df sfo{qmddf ;xefuL ;a} jQmfx?n]
cfnf]rgf ug{'ePsf] lyof] . t]haxfb'/ kf08]sf] ;efkltTjdf ;+rflnt pQm
uf]i7Lsf] ;+rfng ;Ltf kf}8]nn] ug{'ePsf] lyof] .
@! cf}+
ztfAbLsf] hgjfbaf/] cGt/lqmof
>fj0f
!& df g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf] cfof]hgfdf kfNkf lhNnfsf] /fdk'/df @! cf}+
ztfAbLsf] hgjfbaf/] ;j{kIfLo cGt/lqmof sfo{qmd ;DkGg eof] . gjLg zdf{sf]
k|d'v cfltYodf ;+rflnt pQm cGt/lqmofdf g]=sf=,Pdfn] nufotsf ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfsf
k|ltlglwx?n] cf–cfºgf ljrf/ /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . ch{'gsf] ;efkltTj / sdnsf]
;+rfngdf sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof] .
sfe|]
lhNnf hg;/sf/sf] ah]6 ;fj{hlgs
sfe|]÷;QfkIfnfO{
cj}wflgs 3f]if0ff u/L :yfkgf ePsf] gof“ ;Qfn] clxn] ljleGg lhNnfdf cfºgf]
ah]6x? ;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5g\ . o;}qmddf ;+o'Qm lhNnf hg;ldlt sfe|]sf] xfn}
a;]sf] a}7sn] ljleGg lg0f{ox? ub{} ! s/f]8sf] ah]6 ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . pQm
/sd lhNnfsf] ;'/Iff, :jf:Yo, lzIff, lgdf{0f, s[lif, c;xfo / af9L kLl8tsf nflu
ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] s'/f j}7skl5 Ps k|]; lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v
nfnWjhn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] lj1lKtdf k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfn] p7fp“b} cfPsf]
s'g} klg s/ dx;'n gltg{ hgtfnfO{ cfx\jfg ub{} cfjZosLo :yfgx?df gof“ ;Qfn] s/
dx;'n lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;fy} Ps 3/ Ps s/];faf/L
agfpg], lrofsf] a]gf{ nufpg], Ps ufp“ Ps ;fd"lxs pTkfbg, Ps ufp“ Ps
;fd"lxs j[Iff/f]k0f If]q cflb lg0f{o ul/Psf] s'/f klg hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf]
5 . lj1lKtdf cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] pGgfO; nfv lqxQ/ xhf/
^ ;o 5};¶L ?k}of ljsf; lgdf{0f, k'n k'n];fx?, zxLb u]6, :tDe, :jf:Yo lzIff,
af9L klx/f], cfuhgL cflbdf nufgL ePsf] klg hgfOPsf] 5 .
;f] lj1lKtdf ;/sf/n] jftf{s} qmddf ufp“ ufp“df k;]/ hgtfnfO{
cft+lst kfg{], xTof, lu/ºtf/ ug{] u/]sf] / bf];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{df ePsf ;xdltx?
sfof{Gjog gu/]sf] pNn]v ub{{} ;/sf/n] o:t} /j}of b]vfO/x]df cfºgf] ;'/Iff cfkm}
ug{ cfd hgtfnfO{ hgljb|f]xdf plqg cfx\jfg klg ul/Psf] 5 .
e|i6sf] wDsL
afun'ª÷Pstf s]Gb| d;fnsf] sfo{stf{ x'“, hgcbfntn] hgtfsf] ph'/L eg]/ e|i6 eg]/ lrgfpg] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ k|ltsf/ u5{' eGb} afun'ª ljgfdf/] uflj; cWoIf uf]kfn zd{n] wDsL lbg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;dfrf/ cg';f/ :yfgLo hgtfn] pgn] uflj; cWoIf x'“bf () xhf/ ?k}of lxgfldgf u/L vfPsf lyP . o:t} Ps csf{] ;dfrf/ cg';f/ e'jg lj=s=, lzjxl/ kf}8\ofn / r'8fdl0f g]kfnLn] hf“8 vfP/ hgtfnfO{ dfcf]jfbL eg]/ cft+lst kf/]sf 5g\ .