xfdL
hgtflj?4 x'g;Sg] if8\oGqk|lt rgfvf] 5f}+
s'j]/, eL=;L=, d]rL–sf]zL
;ftf}+ la|u]8
) tkfO{ g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] k"jL{ sdf08 cGtu{t d]rL–sf]zL ;ftf}+ la|u]8sf] eL=;L= h:tf] kbdf /x]/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] ju{;+3if{nfo{ cfkm\gf] 7fp“af6 sdf08 ul//xg'ePsf] 5, xfd|f kf7snfO{ cfkm\gf] /fhgLlts kl/ro lbg'xf];\ g <
– dnfO{ ljBfyL{ hLjgsf] cg'e"lt g}
5}g . d ul/a ls;fgsf] 3/df hGd]sf] x'“ . a'af w]/} h;f] ef/t
a:g'x'GYof] . cfdfn] xfdLnfO{ k7fpg g;Sg] ePsf]n] ;fg}b]lv sfkL / snd
g;dfltsg x“l;of / sf]bfnf] ;dfTg] sfddf nfluof] . @)$@ ;fndf o'jf ;+u7g vf]Ng'
k5{ xfdLn] s'6f], sf]bfnf] dfq xf]Og b]zdf /fhgLlt klg ug{'k5{ / /fhg}lts r]tgf
ljgf c? sfdsf] Tolt dxTj 5}g eGg] h:tf 5nkmnn] sDo'lgi6 x'g'k5{ eGg];Dd
a'em]kl5 o'jf ;+u7gdf ;+ul7t eP/ sfd ub{} cufl8 a9]+ . @)$^ ;fndf ax'bn
cfPkl5 w]/}n] sDo'lgi6 eGg] . To;}n] s'g sDo'lgi6 7Ls xf] eGg] a'‰g Ps
b'O{ dlxgf nfUof] . kl5 dzfn x'g'k5{, ;a}eGbf 7Ls dzfn xf] eGg] nfUof] /
kl5 dzfndf ;+ul7t eOof] . sfd ub{} cfpg] qmddf kf6L{n] @)%! ;fnsf] r'gfj
alxisf/ u/]kl5 @)%! ;fndf g} n8fs' bnsf] sdf08/sf] lhDdf lbof] . o;/L
3/}df a;]/ sfd ub{} hf“bf @)%$ ;fn h]7af6 e"ldut eP/ sfd u/]+ . )%$
;fn ebf} @ af6 5fkfdf/ ;b:o eP/ sfd u/]+ . )%$ ;fn k'; ! af6 kf6L{n]
5fkfdf/ sdf08/sf] lhDdf lbof] . @)%^
df3 ! ut]b]lv Knf6'g g+= $ sf] eL=;L= eP/ sfd ul/of] . @)%& ;fn
;fpgb]lv Knf6'g g+= % sf] sdf08/df /xL sfd ul/of] . @)%* ;fn c;f]hb]lv 8L
sDkgLsf] sdf08/ eP/ sfd ul/of] . ;]gfsf] pRr kmd{]zg;“u} @)%( ;fn c;f/af6
ln:g] ufd t];|f] a6flnogsf] eL=;L= eP/ kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Ls/0f cleofgsf] l;nl;nfdf
k"jf{~rn sdf08df cfPkl5 ;f]n'–;Nn]/L 5}7f}+ a6flnogsf] eL=;L= eP/ sfd u/]+ .
)%( df3df d]rL–sf]zL ;ftf}+ a6flnog sdf08/ eP/ sfd u/+] . hgd'lQm ;]gfsf]
ljsf; k|lqmof;“u} kf6L{n] @)^) h]7df d]rLsf]zL ;ftf}+ la|u]8 eL=;L= sf] lhDdf
lbof] . Toxf“b]lv ;f]xL la|u]8 eL=;L=sf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNb} clxn] sfd
ub{}5' .
) o'4df ljz]if u/L ;]gfdf s'g tx / tKsfsf hgtfsf]
;xeflutf al9/x]sf] 5 <
– o'4df ;a}
tx / tKsfsf dfG5]x?sf] ;xeflutf b]lvG5 . t/ ljz]if u/L ls;fgaf6 g} a];L
5g\ . lsgeg] xfd|f] b]z s[lif k|wfg b]z xf] / oxf“ cf}Bf]lus ljsf;
5}g . hg;+Vof lbgk|ltlbg al9/x]sf] 5 . pTkfbgdf j}1flgs tl/sf geP/
vfgnfpg ;d:of 5 . ef/tsf] uNnL uNnLdf g]kfnLx? /f]huf/sf nflu
ef}tfl/O/x]sf 5g\ . dflg;sf] uf;, af;, skf; / :jtGqtfsf] nflu d'lQmo'4
clgjfo{ 5 . ha ;j{xf/fsf] ;Qf :yfkgf x'G5 ta dfq ;j{xf/f ju{sf] lbg cfp“5
eGg] ljZjf;sf ;fy w]/} ls;fg ju{sf dflg;x? ;]gfdf 5g\ .
) hg;]gfdf afn;}lgs k|of]u ePsf] 5 eg]/ ljleGg
;+rf/dfWodn] k|rf/ u/]sf 5g\ s] Tof] ;To xf] / <
– k'/fgf]
;Qfsf zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Ln] !) jif{b]lv *) jif{;Ddsf dflg;x?nfO{ uf]nL 7f]s]/
df/]sf 5g\ . hgo'4 z'? ePkl5 lsnf] z]/f 6', ;+s6sfn / c? w]/} ck/]zgdf
ufp“sf !)÷!@ jif{b]lv dflysf k'?ifx?nfO{ uf]nL xfGg], sf6]/ dfg{],
qm"/tfsf] gd"gf pgLx?n] v8f u/]sf 5g\ . !)÷!@ jif{b]lvsf slnnf
gfgLb]lv ^) jifL{of a[4f cfdfa'afnfO{ anfTsf/ u/]/ df/]sf 5g\ . w]/}
gfgLx? 6'x'/f ePsf 5g\ / kf6L{sf] ;+/If0fdf 5g\ . To;}n] !% jif{b]lv
dflysf efOalxgLx? klg 5g\ . pgLx? afn ;+u7g, ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?df 5g\ .
xfd|f] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf ;jf{]Rr sdf08/ cWoIf k|r08n] !* jif{d'lgsfx?nfO{ hgd'lQm
;]gfdf glng] atfpg'ePem}+ !* jif{d'lgsf efOalxgLx?nfO{ xfdLn] ;]gfdf ln+b}gf}+ .
o:tf slt efOalxgLx? 5g\ hf] ;]gfdf sfd ug{ gkfP/ u'gf;f] u5{g\ . t/ cfºgf]
k|lt/Iffsf nflu ;a} hgtf, a'9fa'9L, s]6fs]6L ;a}n] k|lt/f]w ug{'kg{]
x'G5 . zx/sf / ;/sf/L k|rf/n] lbUe|ldt dflg;x?nfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbLsf k|rf/n]
lgZro klg u|:t kfnf{ . s]xL kqsf/x?n] aRrfx?nfO{ xltof/ af]Sg nufP/
kmf]6f] lvRg] / k|rf/ ug{] sfd u/] of] aLrdf . afnaRrf, a'9fa'9L s;}nfO{
klg g5f]8\g] k|ltlqmofjfbL ;]gfsf lj?4 cflv/ ;a}n] n8\g'kg{] afWotf ePkl5 ;a}
ldn]/ n8\g}k¥of] .
) zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf kl/jf/nfO{ tkfO{x?n] lj:yflkt
u/]sf] eGg] klg k|rf/ 5 o;af/] atfOlbg';\ g <
– xfdL
ljZjel/sf ;j{xf/fju{sf] d'lQmsf] lglDt nl8/x]sf 5f}+ . xfdLn] eGg] u/]sf
5f}+ zfxL ;]gfsf / k|x/Lsf tNnf txsf bfh'efOx? xfd|f b'Zdg xf]Ogg\ . pgLx?
klg kl/jf/nfO{ kfNg yf]/} tnadf zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Ldf egf{ ePsf x'g\ . To;}n]
ToxL sf/0fn] xfdLn] zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf kl/jf/nfO{ b'Mv lbg'kg{] s'g} sf/0f
5}g . t/ s]xL To:tf kl/jf/x? xfd|f] kf6L{ / sfo{stf{sf lj?4 ;'/fsL ug{],
cfqmd0fdf pqg] h:tf lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg 5g\ . xfdLn] zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf
kl/jf/ dfkm{t\ tL bfh'efOx?nfO{ k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] ;]jf ug{] hflu/ 5f]8\g
;Demfp“5f}+ / k|f]T;fxg u5f{}+ . hgtfsf] lj?4 hfg] h'g;'s} tTj klg nv]l6G5
/ lj:yflkt x'g ;S5 . t/ d]/f] sfo{If]qdf To:tf] ;d:of sd 5 . lsGt'
zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf tNnf] txsf hgtfsf 5f]/fx? xfd|f] b'Zdg xf]Ogg\ . d of]
cfu|x ug{ rfxG5' .
) zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lx?k|lt tkfO{x?sf] hggLlt s] xf]
<
– kfgL
ljgfsf] df5f af“Rg g;s] h:tf] hgtfljgfsf] /fhgLlts kf6L{ ;kmn x'g ;Sb}g . To;}n]
hgtfk|lt / ul/a, zf]lift / kLl8t ju{k|lt slxNo} k"jf{u|x x'g'x'“b}g eGg]
xf] . n8fO xltof/;“u xf]Og ljrf/;“u xf] . /fHo;Qf aGb'ssf] gfndf
l6s]sf] x'G5 eGg] dxfg\ dfS;{jfbL dfGotfn] xfdLnfO{ l;sfPsf] s'/f aGb'ssf lj?4
aGb's gp7fP;Dd /fHo;Qf kl/jt{g x'“b}g eGg] g} xf] . ;Qf kl/jt{gsf nflu
k"/f ug{'kg{] dfkb08 ;xL ljrf/, ;xL ljrf/sf nflu, pgLx?sf] ;xL kl/rfng
x'g' xf] . To;}n] g/fd|f]nfO{ klg /fd|f] agfpg' xfd|f] k|of; x'G5 .
zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] sfd k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] sf“w yfKg' xf] . t;y{ /fHo;Qf
abNg] of] dxfg\ cleofgdf Tof] kmflzi6 /fHo;Qfsf] 9fn aGg] hf] sf]xL klg xfd|f]
cufl8 aRg ;Sb}g . xfdL ltgLx?nfO{ 5f8\b}gf}+ . xfdLn] pgLx?nfO{ c?
a]nfdf / o'4sf] a]nfdf klg of] s'/f af/Daf/ eg]sf 5f}+ . e'nj;, afWotfaz
nfu]sfx? o'4df cfTd;dk{0f u/]/ Hofg klg hf]ufp“5g\ . ul/a hgtfsf 5f]/fx?
zfxL ;]gf–k|x/Ldf hflu/ vfP/ hgtfsf ;]gflj?4 pqg] xs{t pgLx?n] TofUg'k5{ .
hflu/ 5f]8]/ 3/df a;]sf ;]gf–k|x/LnfO{ xfdL ;Ddfgsf ;fy cGo ;Dk"0f{
hgtf;/x lnPsf 5f}+ . pgLx?nfO{ xfd|+f] ;]gfdf nfUg'kg{] s'g} bjfj
5}g . t/ w]/} To:tf ;fyLx? x'g'x'G5 hf] zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Laf6 ljb|f]x u/]/
hg;]gfdf ;fd]n x'g'ePsf] 5 . d hg;]gfsf] lhDd]jf/ ;b:osf] x}l;otn] e|djz /
ljleGg sf/0fn] zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Ldf nfUg' ePsf bfh'efOnfO{ hg;]gfsf] of] gLlt
:ki6 ?kdf a'‰g cfu|x u5{' . xfdL k|ltlqmofjfbL jf To;sf s'g} klg :t/sf
dltof/ / sf“w xfNg]nfO{ 5f]8\b}gf}+ .
) hgtf
/ hg;]gfaLrsf] ;DaGw s:tf] 5 <
– hgtf kfgL x'g\ / xfdL df5f xf}+ .
hgtfn] xfdLnfO{ kfn]sf 5g\ / xfdL hgtfsf] ;]jf, ;'/Iff / k"0f{ :jtGqtfsf]
nflu k"0f{sfnLg ?kdf ;lqmo eP/ nfu]sf 5f}+ . xfdL hgtfsf] ;]gf
ePsf]n] xfdL pgLx? ljgf /xg ;Sb}gf}+ . xfd|f] kf6L{sf] dftxtdf kf6L{,
df]rf{ / ;]gfdf ljleGg lhDd]jf/L lnP/ PsLs[t ?kdf xfdL k|ltlqmofjfbLsf lj?4
n8]sf 5f}+ . hgtf klg k|ltlqmofjfbL ;]gfsf lj?4 hg;]gf;“u Psfsf/ eP/ n8]sf
5g\ . ljleGg df]rf{x?df hgtf;“u} xfdLn] ljho xfl;n u/]sf 5f}+ .
hgtfn] ;"rgf ;+rf/, Joj:yfkg / c? w]/} ;xof]u u/]/ xfdLnfO{ hf]ufpg' x'G5
/ n8\g ;Sg] agfpg'x'G5 . hg;]gfljgf hgtfsf] ;'/Iff / d'lQm ;Dej 5}g .
hgtfljgf hg;]gf Ps ldg]6 klg l6Sg ;Sb}g . hgtf / hg;]gfaLr gª / df;'sf]
;DaGw 5 .
) ;+s6sfndf t tkfO{+x? l;l4Psf] k|rf/ v'a ul/Psf] lyof] . tkfO{+x? t emg\ 7"nf] kmd{]zgdf a9\b} hfg' ePsf] 5 . of] s;/L <
– k|ltlqmofjfbLsf] k|rf/ hgo'4 z'?jftb]lv g}
unt k|dfl0ft eO;s]sf] 5 . # dlxgf / ^ dlxgfsf] clN6d]6d km]n vfO;s]sf] 5 /
xfdL cf7f}+ jif{df 6]ls;s]sf 5f}+ . ;+s6sfndf klg /Iff dGqfno / u[xdGqfnon]
xfdL l;l4O;s]sf] k|rf/ uy{] . /Iff dGqfno b'O{ jif{ cufl8 xf]n]/L sf08df
s;/L lrlKnPsf] lyof] . ;f/f b]zjf;LnfO{ yfxf 5 . pgLx? k|To]s 36gfdf
lrlKnPsf lyP . ln:g]df %÷^ ;o dfcf]jfbL df¥of}+ eGy] . ptf 36gf:yndf
pgLx? sk8f vf]n]/ / xltof/ 5f]8]/ efUb} lyP . hgtfn] pgLx?sf] s'g} klg
k|rf/ pN6f] a'‰5g\ . xfdL / hgtf /]l8of] g]kfn, g]kfn 6]lnlehg / ltgLx?sf]
k|rf/ ;'g]/ xf:Yof}+ .
kf6L{sf] ;xL gLlt, hgtf;“usf] c6'6 ;DaGw /
k|ltlqmofjfbLsf x/]s cfqmd0fnfO{ lg:t]h kf/]/ xfdL emg\ lj:tfl/t eof}+
;+s6sfndf . pgLx? xfdL l;l4Psf] k|rf/ ub{} lyP . xfdL kmd{]zg a9fp“b}
lyof}+ . clxn] hgtfn] ufp“df cfºgf] ;Qf cfkm} rnfO/x]sf] 5 .
k|ltlqmofjfbLx? /fhwfgL, ;b/d'sfd / /fhdfu{df s]lGb|t x'g afWo 5g\ . lgZro
klg of] aLrdf zx/sf / b]z aflx/sf dflg;x?df s]xL e|d /x\of] xf]nf . xfdLn]
k|ltlqmofjfbLnfO{ k/f:t ub{} /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngdf cfP/ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf a;]sf
5f}+ . ;+s6sfndf xfdL emg\ w]/} hgtfsf] aLrdf uof}+ . b]zdf k|To]s
7fp“df ;Dks{, kf6L{ lgdf{0f, hg;]gf pTkfbg eO/x] . ;f/f hgtf g} hg;]gf
em}+ x'g yfn] . pgLx?n] ;f/f ufp“ g} 3]/faGbL u/]/ xTof ug{ yfn] kl5
;f/fsf ;f/f ufp“n]x? hg;]gf aGg afWo eP . k|ltlqmofjfbL ;]gfn] klg o;aLrdf
hg;]gfsf] lgdf{0fdf ck|ToIf e"ldsf v]Nof] .
) jftf{sf] ;dodf hg;]gf s] ul//x]sf] 5 <
– xfd|f]
kf6L{ zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf /fhg}lts lgsf; lg:Sof];\ eg]/ nfluk/]sf] 5 .
xfdL xfd|f] kf6L{sf] cfb]z adf]lhd zflGtk"0f{ hgkl/rfng, ljsf; lgdf{0f /
hgtf;“u k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ /fVg] lbgfg'lbgsf lqmofsnfkdf Jo:t 5f}+ . hgtf;“u}
>ddf ;xefuL aGg] u/]sf 5f}+ . ;fy} kf6L{sf / df]rf{sf sfo{qmdx?df
Joj:yfkg, ;'/Iff / cGo ;/;xof]udf klg nfluk/]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f cGo lgoldt
b}lgsL t 5“b}5g\ . xfdL xfd|f] kf6L{sf] gLlt cg';f/ rNg] hgtfsf ;]gf
xf}+ . kf6L{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf 8l6/x]sf] 5 / xfdL klg :yfgLo :t/df Psfsf/
eP/ nfu]sf 5f}+ . t/ xfdL hgtflj?4 x'g;Sg] s'g} if8\oGq / hfne]mnk|lt ;r]t
5f}+ / To;sf] k|ltsf/ ug{ ;Ifd 5f}+ .
) cGTodf s]xL 5 ls <
– xfdL
zflGtk"0f{ /fhg}lts lgsf; lgl:sof];\ eGg] rfxG5f}+ . To;sf nflu xfdL
hg;]gfsf k|To]s ;b:ox? k|oTg/t klg 5f}+ xfd|f] 7fp“ / txaf6 . ;fy} xfdL
hgtflj?4 x'g;Sg] if8\oGq lj?4 rgfvf] eP/ a;]sf 5f}+ . hgtfsf]
zflGtk"0f{ kl/jt{gsf] rfxgfdf t'iff/fkft ug{] s'g} klg tTj hgtfsf cufl8
l6Sg ;Sg] 5}g . wGojfb