k|ydtM ;QfkIf g} jftf{sf] nflu OdfGbf/ b]lvPg . ;Qfsf k|d'v c+u ;]gf, k|x/L / dgf]lgt dGqLd08n g} pgLx?sf] cfºgf] !–;b:oLo aftf{ 6f]nLnfO{ c;xof]u ug]{ jf leqleq} c;kmn kfg]{df ;'?b]lv g} nfu]sf] kfOof] . xfd|f jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o / kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f / csf{ kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o bLgfgfy zdf{ v'nf ?kdf e]63f6 ug]{ qmddf /fhwfgL hfg] qmddf g} pgLx?sf] of] emu8f ;fdg] cfof] .. To;sf] lgldQ ;Qf kIfsf jftf{ 6f]nL k|d'v g} cfP/ jxf“x?nfO{ n}hfg' kg]{ lylt k}bf eof] . ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nL k|d'v rflx+ /fhaGbLx?nfO{ sf/fuf/x?df e]6]/ l/xfO{ ul/G5 eGg] jQmJo lb+b} lx+8g] t/ zfxL ;]gf / k|x/L rflx+ cbfntn] l/xfO{ ug]{ cfb]z lbP/ l/xf ePsf /fhaGbLnfO{ sf/fuf/sf u]6 u]6df uP/ k'gM lu/ºtf/ u/L a]kQf kfg]{ / lx/f;tdf /fvL oftgf lbg] sfd ;“u;“u} rln/x]sf] 5 . o;n] …======nfO{ eGbf b]Vg]nfO{ nfhÚ eGg] g]kfnL pvfgnfO{ /fd|f];+u rl/tfy{ ul//x]sf] 5 .. x'“bf x'“bf rLh oxf+;Dd k'lu ;s]sf] 5 ls o'4–lj/fdkl5 æhf] hxf“ 5, Tof] ToxL+ /xg]Æ ;j{dfGo cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf ljk/Lt s~rgk'/ lhNnfdf zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf sfo{/t xfd|f hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Pp6f 6's8LnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] lu/ºtf/ u/]/ xltof/ vf]:g] / lu/ºtf/ ug]{ sfd ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . hf] s;}n] klg a'‰g ;Sb5 ls of] jftf{ tf]8\g] / ljyf]Ng] of]hgfa4 if8\oGq xf] . o;af6 nf]s]Gb|axfb'/sf] 6f]nL, zfxL ;]gf / k|x/L g} jftf{sf] lj?4 nfu]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . o;af6 @ j6f ;+efjgf b]Vg ;lsG5M Pp6f b'j}y/Ln] leqleq} ldn]/ t}+n] of] e"ldsf v]n, d}n] of] e"ldsf v]N5' eGg] ;Nnfx u/]/ b'O{ ljk/Lt e"ldsfdf k|:t't x'g] / hgo'4, xfd|f] kf6L{ / g]kfnL hgtfsf lj?4 eLif0f if8\oGq ug]{ . bf]>f], pgLx?leqsf] cfk;L cGt/lj/f]w / slr+un . b/af/sf] e"ldsfnfO{ x]bf{ bf]>f] xf]Og, klxnf] ;Defjgf g} a9L b]lvG5 . h'g kIf jftf{sf] lgldQ jftfj/0f agfpg k|d'v ?kdf lhDd]jf/ x'g' kg]{ xf], Tof] kIfs} o; k|sf/sf] e"ldsf ePkl5 jftf{ k|s[of s;/L cl3 a9\g ;Snf t < xfd|f] kf6L{sf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08n] :ki6 zAbdf b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfdf o; cjlwdf bh{gf}+ /fhg}lts sfo{stf{x?nfO{ lu/ºtf/ ug'{ tyf s~rgk'/df o'4–lj/fdsf] kfngf ub}{ zflGtk"j{s al;/x]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Pp6f ;fgf] 6's8LnfO{ 3]/f xfnL xltof/;lxt lu/ºtf/ ug'{n] ;QfkIfaf6 ePsf] o'4–lj/fdsf] uDeL/ pNn+3gnfO{ :ki6 ub{5 . xfdL ;QfkIf;+u o; k|sf/sf o'4–lj/fd e+u x'g] / jftf{ ljyf]lng] u}/–lhDd]jf/ ultljlwnfO{ clanDj /f]Sg tyf o'4lj/fdkl5 xltof/;lxt lu/ºtf/ ul/Psfx?nfO{ xltof/;lxt l/xf ug{ / cGo a]kQf cf:yfsf aGbLx?sf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ub}{ / l/xfOsf] k|lqmof yfn]/ jftf{sf] k|lqmofnfO{ u+eL/tfk"j{s cufl8 a9fpg hf]8\bf/ cfu|x ub{5f}+-hf]8 n]vssf]_ eGg] jQmJo hf/L ug'{ ePsf] !) lbg lalt;Sbf klg ;QfkIfn] oL k+lQm n]lv+bf;Dd s'g} ;'GfjfO{ ul//x]sf] 5}g . o;af6 of] jftf{ k|s[of ;xL 9+uaf6 cl3 a9\g ;+ej x'g] l:yltsf] cGTo x'+b} uPsf] ;xh} b]Vg ;lsG5 . ;+;bLo /fhg}lts bnx?sf] e"ldsf klg ;sf/fTds x'g ;s]g . vf;u/L g]=sf= / Pdfn] kl/jlt{t kl/l:yltsf] k|jfx;+u} cl3 a9]/ Pp6f dfly p7]sf] /fli6«o b[li6sf]0f c+ufn]/ cl3 a9\g'sf] ;§f ToxL l;l4Psf] ;+;bsf] k'g:yf{kgf / ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] /fu cnfKg d} ;Lldt /x] . b]z / hgtfsf] of] b'u{lt x'g'df ljut !@ jif{df cfkm"n] u/]sf uNtLx? s] s] lyP eg]/ ;dLIff u/L To; k|lt kZrftfk u/L ca /fd|f] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug]{ jrga4tf / lqmofsnfk b]vfP/ cfºgf] e"ldsf lgdf{0f ug'{sf] ;§f jftf{df cfºgf] e"ldsf / lx:;f slt kfOG5 eg]/ vf]Hg kl§ nfu] . k'/fg} gLlt / ToxL yf]qf] asjf; ub}{ lx+8\g] xf] eg] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf cfºgf] e"ldsf ;dfKt x'g ;Sg] s'/f pgLx?n] cem} a'‰g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . ;+s6sfn / To;kl5 zfxL ;]gf kl/rfngsf bf}/fg pgLx?sf] h'g z"Go jf gsf/fTds e"ldsf /x\of] To;n] pgLx?sf] cl:tTjdf k|Zg lrGx v8f u/]sf] s'/f pgLx?n] a'‰ g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . h'g ;+ljwfgsf] k|of]u jf b'?kof]uaf6 cfh b]z / hgtfsf] of] xfnt e}/x]sf] 5, cem} To;}sf] jsfnt u/]/ pgLx?n] cfkm"nfO{ oyf l:yltjfbL v]dfd} emfg]{ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ .. zflGtk"0f{ / jftf{sf] dfWodåf/f cu|ufdL lgsf; lgsfNg] clxn]sf] k|of;df gsf/fTds e"ldsf v]Ng] ;+;bLo kf6L{sf] k+lQmdf Pdfn] g]t[Tj u'6 ;a} eGbf cuffl8 b]lvG5 . s'g} ;dodf of] ;+ljwfgk|lt cfnf]rgfTds ;dy{g u/]sf] eGg] Pdfn] clxn] oxL ;+ljwfgnfO{ g} cfºgf] clGtd nIo / o;sf] ;f/tTjnfO{ ckl/jt{gLo dfGg]df k'u]sf] 5 . o;af6 Pdfn] sDo'lgi6 l;4fGtaf6 dfq Ro't ePsf] xf]Og ls o;sf] x}l;ot Pp6f k"“+hLjfbL kf6L{sf] hlQsf] klg g/x]sf] :ki6 x'G5 . 

g]kfnsf] kqsf/ hut o'4–lj/fdsf] :jfut ug]{ / lbkfjnL dgfpg] efjgf;Ddsf] hgtfdf k|rf/ ug{ t ;kmn /x\of] t/ cu|ufdL lgsf; lgsfNg] r]tgfdf eg] of] If]q klg lgtfGt k5fl8 g} /x\of] . lgs} cu|0fL 7flgPsf kqsf/x? klg k|ultzLn lgsf;sf] kIfdf pleg ;s]gg\ . afx\o If]qsf] ;d]t cg'ej k|fKt u/]sf] 7flgPsf kqsf/x? klg g]kfnsf] lk5l8Psf] cfly{s, /fhg}lts cj:yfaf6 pTkGg r]tgfs} 3]/faf6dfly p7\g ;s]gg\ . r]tgfsf] ljsf;df b]vf k/]sf] of] k5f}6]kgsf sf/0f cfºgf] lgwf{l/t ;Ldfaf6 km/s t/ pGgt vfnsf ljrf/nfO{ plrt :yfg lbg ;d]t pgLx? k5fl8 g} /x] . k"“+hLjfbL ;+rf/sf] If]qdf cem} klg cu|0fL :yfg /fVg] aL=aL=;L= sf] g]kfnL ;]jfsf s'g} lbgsf] g]kfn ;Gbe{ sfo{s|ddf oxL o'4–lj/fd / zflGt ePsf] a]nfsf] kmfObf p7fP/ jf df}sf 5f]k]/ :yfgLo jf ;+;bLo lgjf{rg u/fO xfNg' kg]{ vfnsf lgtfGt ck|f;+lus / gsf/fTds k|sf/sf cGtjf{tf{sf] k|rf/ u/]/ pgLx?n] oyfy{df jftf{sf] ;xh Pj+ cu|ufdL lgsf; lgsfNgdf xf]Og ls ;QfkIf / dfcf]jfbL kIfsf aLrdf rf8} eL8Gt lgDTofpg] vfnsf ;fdu|L ;d]tnfO{ :yfg lbPsf] kfOof] . vf;u/L )$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ng kZrft\ g]kfnL kqsfl/tfn] h'g :t/ xfl;n u/]sf] lyof], Tof] ;+s6sfn kl5 lgs} dfqfdf l7+u'l/Psf] h:tf] cg'e"lt ePsf] 5 . ;+s6sfnsf] a]nfdf uPsf] ;ftf]af6 ;a} kqsf/ stf stf /fd|f];“u af}/L g;s] h:tf] klg b]lvof] . o;sf] cy{ kqsfl/tf If]qn] o; k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg s'g} ;xof]u g} k'¥ofPgg\ eGg vf]h]sf] xf]Og . ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWoddf clxn];Dd klg ;+s6sfn g} xfjL ePsf] a]nf h]–hlt :jtGq kqsfl/tf If]qn] ;]jf k'¥ofPsf] 5 To;nfO{ wGojfb t lbg} kb{5 . s]xL klqsfn] o; kl/l:yltdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgnfO{ klg sb/ ug}{ k5{ . oxf“ kqsfl/tf If]q g]kfnL hgtfdf cu|ufdL r]tgf ;~rf/ ug{ cl3 a9f];\ eGg] ck]Iff ul/Psf] xf] . cfzf 5, g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]qn] )$^ ;fnsf] hg cfGbf]ngnfO{ p7fpg h'g dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] lyof], /fi6«nfO{ cu|ufdL lbzfdf cl3 a9fpg eljZodf klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng]5 . 

o'4–lj/fd / jftf{sf] 3f]if0ff ;+u} ljb]zL zlQmx?sf] rn v]n lgs} a9]/ uof] . pgLx?n] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf] lxtdf eGbf klg cfºg} :jfy{ cg's"n of] l:yltnfO{ pkof]u ug{] sfd u/] . o'4–lj/fds} df}sf kf/]/ a]nfotn] @ j6f kmf}hL x]lnsf]K6/x? g]kfn k7fof] / ;Qf kIfn] clnslt klg g lxlRsrfOsg To;nfO{ leq\ofof] . O/fsdfly cfs|d0f ug]{ sfddf k'/} Jo:t /x]sf] a]nfdf klg cd]l/sfn] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]knfO{ lg/Gt/ a9fp“b} nlu/x]sf] 5 . g]kfnnfO{ s'g lbzf lbg] eGg] pkb]z jflz+u6gn] k|rf/ ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . oltv]/ n08gsf]] ljb]z / ;}lgs gLlt klg jflz+u6gaf6} to x'g] ePsf]n] s]xL ;do b]lv klZrdL x:tIf]k g]kfndf lgs} a9]sf] s'/f k|i6 5 . blIf0f Plzofsf] bfbf ef/tn] g]kfnaf6 k|fKt x'g] ;a} kmfObfdf cfºgf] lx:;f ;a} eGbf a9L x'g' kg]{ bfjL ug]{ ePsfn] p;n] klg cfºgf] x:tIf]knfO{ lgs} a9fPsf] 5 .. o; k|sf/ ;zQm afx\o x:tIf]kdf r]lkP/ g]kfnsf] jftf{ k|s[of cj?4 x'g] / g]kfnsf] /fli6«o :jtGqtf vt/fdf kg]{ :ki6 ;+s]t b]vf k/]sf] 5 . 

/utdfly v]njf8 gul/of];\ 

cfh b]zdf hgtfsf] gof“ hg;Qfsf] hGd, hgtfsf] cfºg} ;]gfsf] hGdsf] k[i7e"lddf o'4–lj/fd / jftf{sf] h'g l:ylt b]vf k/]sf] 5 / /fi6« zflGtk"0f{ k|lqmofåf/f cu|ufdL lgsf; lgsfNg cl3 al9/x]sf] 5, To;nfO{ g]kfnL w/tLdf au]sf] jL/– lj/fªugfx?sf] /utsf] kl/0ffd xf] egL Ps l5g klg la;{g' x'b}g . s;}n] of] o'4 lj/fdnfO{ oyfl:ylt sfod ug]{ dg;'jfsf] nflu k|of]u ug{ nflu/x]sf] ;Gbe{df of] ljifosf] uDeL/tf emg\ a9\g uPsf] 5 . cfh ;a}n] la;{g} gx'g] tYo s] xf] eg] olb lagf cu|ufdL lgsf; g} /fi6« cl3 a9\g ;Sg] l:ylt x'GYof] eg] g]kfndf of] eLif0f hgo'4sf] cfjZostf klg kg]{ lyPg / dxfg\ zxLbx?sf] /utn] g]kfnL w/tL /+lug] klg lyPg . o'4–lj/fd x'g'sf] cy{ h'g;'s} ;t{df klg l5g'{ jf cfºgf] nIonfO{ 5f8\g' sbflk xf]Og . o'4–lj/fdnfO{ xfd|f] kf6L{n] ;+3if{s} Pp6f ?k dfGb5 . To; cy{df o'4– lj/fd / zflGtk"0f{ lsl;dn] lgsf; lgsfNgsf nflu k|:tfj ul/Psf] jftf{ cfkm}+ o'4sf] csf]{ lsl;dsf] hf/L ?k xf] . of] o'4sf] kl/Tofu sbflk klg xf]Og . To;sf/0f s;}n] o;nfO{ o'4sf] kl/Tofu 7fg]sf] 5 eg] Tof] p;sf] 7'nf] e"n xf] . o;sf] cy{ xfdLn] o'4–lj/fd Pj+\ jftf{nfO{ dxTj lbPsf 5}gf} eGg] sbflk xf]Og . xfd|f] kf6L{sf cWoIf / ;jf]{Rr sdf08/sf] Pp6f jQmJosf cfwf/df ;a} aGb"s / adx? Rf'k nfUg' / b]z k"0f{ zflGtdf k|j]z ug'{ o;sf] ;a} eGbf 7"nf] k|df0f xf] .. d'Vo ?kdf ;Qf kIfsfx?n] h;/L of] o'4–lj/fd / jftf{ k|s[ofsf] b'?kof]u ul//x]sf 5g\, pgLx?n] a'‰g' kg]{ s'/f s] xf] eg] h;/L Pp6f cfb]zn] ;f/f aGb's / adx? Rf'k nfu]sf 5g\ / /fi6«n] k"0f{ zflGtsf] cg'e"lt ul//x]sf] 5, To;}u/L csf]{ Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ cfb]zn] ;a} aGb's / adx?nfO{ Ps;fy k8\sfpg ;Sb5 / b]z klxn]sf] eGbf klg eLif0f u[x–o'4df k'gM k|j]z ug{ ;Sb5 . of] cg'e"lt cfd hg ;d'bfonfO{ dfq xf]Og, ;QfkIf / cGo /fhg}lts kf6L{x?nfO{ klg x'g' h?/L 5 . zfxL ;]gfn] h;/L c3f]lift ?kdf o'4–lj/fd e¨ x'g] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 / ;QfkIfn] jftf{sf] Go"gtd jftfj/0fsf] lgldQ dfgj clwsf/jfbLnufot tdfd /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ;+3–;+:yf ;d]tn] dfu u/]sf] cfrf/–;+lxtf ;d]tnfO{ k"0f{ ?k lbg / To;sf] kfngf k"0f{ ?kdf ug]{ tTk/tf rflx+ gb]vfpg], oyfl:yltnfO{ sfod ug]{ p2]Zon] df]ntf]n dfq ul//xg], t/ jftf{ kmnfgf] lbgb]lv x'“b}5 eg]/ xNnf drfpg] sfd ul//x]sf] 5, lglZrt 5 o;n] jftf{nfO{ ;xh?kdf cl3 a9fpg] hg;d'bfo / xfd|f] rfxgfnfO{ cf3ft k'¥ofPsf] 5 . To;sf/0f /ut;“u v]njf8 gug{ xfdL k'gM:d/0f u/fpg rfxG5f}+ . 

o'4 lj/fd / jftf{–k|lqmof eª\u eP lhDd]jf/ sf] x'g] < 

b]zL / ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|x?åf/f o'4 –lj/fd / jftf{k|lt e}/x]sf] b'Jo{jxf/ / if8\oGqsf sf/0f o'4–lj/fdsf] :yfloTj / jftf{ cl3 a9\g] ;+efjgfk|lt cfd g]kfnL hgtf / ljZj hgdtsf] cfz+sf a9\b} hfg yfn]sf] 5 . hgtf g} ;a}eGbf a9L kf/vL x'g] ePsfn] pgLx?n] l:yltsf] cf“sng ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ . To;sf/0f ;j{q of] k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 jftf{ e+u eof] eg] s] xf]nf < o;df xfdL Pp6f k|Zg yk ug{ rfxG5f}+M o'4–lj/fd / jftf{ e¨ x'g uPdf lhDd]jf/ sf] < o;sf] cy{ t'?Gt} o'4–lj/fd / jftf{ k|s[of e¨ e} xfN5 eGg] xf]Og, t/ To;sf] ;Defjgf k|jn aGb} hf“bf of] k|Zgaf/] clxn]b]lv g} 5nkmn rnfpg' eg] h?/L 5 . olb o'4–lj/fd / jftf{ e+u eof] eg]M ;j{k|yd t ;Qf kIf g} d'Vo ?kdf lhDd]jf/ x'g]5 h;n] c3f]lift ?kdf of] e¨ x'g] sfd ub}{ u}/x]sf] 5 / jftf{sf] jftfj/0f agfpg] xf]Og, laufg]{ sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . bf]>f], o;sf] lhDd]jf/L tL cGt/f{li6«o zlQm s]Gb|x?, vf;u/L cd]l/sf, a]nfot / ef/tn] lng' k5{ h;n] nuftf/ jfx\o x:tIf]kåf/f o;nfO{ ljyf]Ng] e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ . t];|f], g]kfnsf tL ;+;bLo kf6L{n] klg lhDd]jf/L lng' k5{ h;n] of] k|s[ofnfO{ ;xof]u ug'{ kg]{df lagf df};dsf /fu cnfk]/ tyf /fli6«o ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{lt/ xf]Og, cfºg} If'b| :jfy{ k"/f ug{kl§ nfu]/ of] k|lqmofnfO{ ;xh ?kdf cl3 a9fpg xf]Og ls layf]Ng g} a9L of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . rf}yf], xfdL klg sdhf]/LeGbf dfly a:g] s'g} cb\e't k|f0fL xf]Ogf}+ / olb xfd|f s'g} sdhf]/L b]vf k/] eg] xfdL ;xif{ hgtfsf] ;fd' :jLsfg{ tof/ x'g]5f}+ . o;df ;~rf/hut\n] v]Ng] e"ldsfsf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf x'g] ePsfn] ;+rf/ hutn] cfºgf] e"ldsfaf/] k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{ klg h?/L 5 . cflv/ xfdL ;a} hg cbfnt / Oltxf;sf] s73/fdf pleg afWo 5f}+ . Oltxf;sf lgdf{tf hgtf x'g\ / xfd|f] ;a} cfr/0fsf] d"Nofª\sg / km};nf klg hgtfn] g} ug]{5g\ . 

b'O{ ;Defjgfx¿

dfly h'g s'/fx? pNn]v ul/Psf] 5, To;af6 s] s'/f :ki6 a'‰g ;lsG5 eg] g]kfnsf] /fhg}lts l:yltsf] cfufdL ;dodf s'g lbzfdf ljsf; x'g] xf] eGg] ljifodf b'O{ cGt/;DalGwt t/ ljk/Lt ;Defjgfx? 5g\ . cfd hgtf / ljZj hgdtsf] rfxgfdfly Wofg lb+b} cem} klg xfd|f] kf6L{ jftf{åf/f g} cu|ufdL lgsf; vf]Hg] k|oTgdf nfUg]5 . cfd hgtfsf] OR5fzlQm / bafjsf sf/0f ;QfkIf olb 7Ls;“u cfof] eg] cem} klg jftf{åf/f lgsf; lgsfNg] ;Defjgf ;dfKt e} ;s]sf] 5}g . lagf /Qmkft g} ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lgsfNg ;Sg' xfdL ;a}sf] a'l4dfgL 7xg]{5 . zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgsf] dxTjnfO{ xfdLn] /fd|f];+u a'em]sf 5f}+ / xfd|f] hf]8 To;}df x'g]5 . olb /fi6«, hgtf / qmflGtsf] lxtnfO{ s'7f/f3ft ug]{ s'g} sfd eof] eg] / xfdLnfO{ afWo t'NofOof] eg] jftf{ tf]8]/ o'4nfO{ lx+;fTds 9+un] cl3 a9fpg klg kf6L{ tof/ 5 / ;Dk"0f{ hgtf To;sf] lgldQ tof/ 5g\ . oL b'j} ;Defjgf Jofjxfl/s ?kd} ljBdfg 5g\ / xfdLn] b'j} ;Defjgfsf lgldQ tof/ /xg} k5{ . xfdL s] ljZjf;sf ;fy cufl8 a9]sf 5f}+ eg] b'O{dWo] h'g ;DefjgfnfO{ c+uLsf/ ug'{ k¥of] eg] klg xfdL Oltxf;sf] ultnfO{ cufl8 g} a9fpg ;kmn x'g]5f}+, Oltxf;sf] ultnfO{ kl5 kms{g lbg] 5}gf}+ .. xfd|f] hgo'4 /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngaf6 /0fg}lts k|Tofs|d0fs} lbzfdf cl3 a9\g]5 . 

@# kmfNu'0f, @)%(