;fdflos
n]v jftf{ / ;QfkIfsf] e"ldsfaf/]
— j;Gt
;QfkIfåf/f
nflbPsf] o'4 / g]skf –dfcf]jfbL_ åf/f ;+rflnt k|lt/f]w o'4aLrdf g]kfnsf] ljlzi6
e"–/fhg}lts w/fntdf ;ftjif{s} cjlwdf /0fg}lts zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] ljlzi6
cfjZostfn] l;h{gf u/]sf] o'4lj/fd b'j} kIfaLr cfrf/;+lxtf nfu" eO;s]/ klg
k'/fgf] ;QfkIfsf] l9nf;':tL / b]z tyf hgtfk|ltsf] u}/lhDd]jf/L efjgfn] jftf{?kL
:jR5 cfsfzdf z+sf / if8\oGqsf] sfnf] jfbn d8fl/g nfu]sf] k|tLt x'G5 .
xfd|f] kf6L{ / ;QfkIfaLr b'O{ r/0fdf jftf{ ;DkGg eO;s]sf x'g\ t/ ;QfkIf d'n'sdf
cu|ufdL kl/jt{gdfkm{t\ /fhg}lts lgsf; lgsfNg]tkm{ cem} cfn6fn ul//x]sf]
5 .
cu|ufdL /fhg}lts
lgsf;åf/f hgtfnfO{ clwsf/;DkGg t'NofO{ lbuf] zflGt :yfkgfy{ dfcf]jfbL nfu]sf]
s'/f pQm kf6L{sf b'O{ hgf :yfoL sld6L ;b:o / kL=aL=Pd=x? ;lxt uDeL/ lhDd]jf/L
af]wsf ;fy jftf{6f]nL u7g ug'{n] klg k'li6 ub{5 . k'/fgf] ;QfkIfåf/f xfd|f
lj?4 s~rgk'/, cf]vn9'+uf nufotsf :yfgdf k|ToIf ;}Go cfqmd0f u/fpg', ;"rgf
;~rf/df PskIfLo gf+uf] k|e'Tj hdfpg' tyf ef/tLo ;]gfWoIf af]nfP/ xltof/ /
k|ljlwsf] s'6g}lts wDsL lbg' Pjd\ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;Fusf] slyt cft+sjfblj?4
;xsfo{ of]hgfsf] 3f]if0ff /cfrf/;+lxtfsf] af/Daf/ pNn+3g ubf{ klg
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ n] xb};Ddsf] ;+odtf, OdfGbfl/tf, w}o{tf;lxt lg/Gt/ nfUg'n]
lubL, cfFvf, sfgn] 7Ls;Fu sfd ug]{
hf];'s}nfO{ klg 7Dofpg s'g} ufx|f] 5}g ls jftf{k|lt s;n] slt bfloTjaf]wsf ;fy
lg/Gt/ nflu k/]sf] 5 .
ljb|f]xLkIf
/0fd}bfgaf6 aGb"s la;fP/ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf k'u]/ cfkm\gf Ph]08f k|:t't ul/;Sbf klg ;QfkIf of] jf Tof]
axfgfdf jftf{–k|s[ofnfO{ l9nfO ub}{ k|ydr/0fsf] jftf{ g} # dlxgfkl5 k'¥ofpg'n]
;QfkIfsf] r/d ;+s6 / c;Ifdtf dfq k|dfl0ft ub}{g clkt' ;+;f/e/sf
k|ltlqmofjfbLx?n] qmflGtsf/Lx? lj?4 ug]{ 3[l0ft if8\oGqsf] cfefif klg
ldNb5 . o;} kl/j[Qdf k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] jftf{df l9nfO ug'{sf sf/0fx?nfO{
leqL?kdf lgDgfg';f/ lng ;lsG5 .
ljb|f]xL
kIfnfO{ gof“ ;Qfaf6 s6fpg] M
;ftjif{sf]
eLif0f o'4af6 cflh{t gofF ;Qfx? h'g s]Gb|Lo;Qf sAhf geO;s]sf] cj:yfdf Jojl:yt
?kn] ;+:yfut / :yfoL x'Fb}gg\ / o'4s} qmddf b'Zdgdflysf] /fhg}lts tyf kmf}hL
>]i7tfdfly -d'Vot_ e/ k/]/ sfod eO{ l6s]sf] / ljsf; eO/x]sf] x'G5, nfO{
nfdf] ;do;Dd jftf{ nDAofO{ ;Qfdflysf] clwgfosTjsf] kxnsbdLnfO{ sdhf]/ t'Nofpg]
/0fgLlt x'g ;S5 .
cfkm\gf]
;Qfsf] pkl:yltsf] k|of; M
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf]
h/};d]t pv]n]/ kmflnPsf , km]b 9flnPsf jf xfFuflj+uf sfl6Psf xfd|f] ;'b[9 cfwf/Onfsf, cfwf/Onfsf / cfwf/Onfsf pGd'v
gofF ;Qfsf If]qdf p;n] NGO, INGO, cfkm\gf ljleGg
lgsfoaf6 lj:tf/} cfly{s, /fhg}lts, z}lIfs, :jf:Yo cflb dfWod x'Fb} ;}Go
pkl:yltsf] nflu /fhg}lts, z}lIfs, :jf:Yo cflb dfWod x'Fb} ;}Go pkl:yltsf] nflu
h/} kmflnPsf 7fpFdf lj?jf /f]Kg], km]b sfl6Psf] 7fpFdf gofF d'gf km]g{] /
xfFuflj+uf sfl6Psf 7fpFdf x/fe/f agfpg] rfn rln/x]sf] 5 .
;"rgf,
;+rf/ / hf;';Lsf] hfnf] km}nfpg] M
o'4sf]
eLif0ftf;Fu} cfkm\g} ;Lldt zxl/of s]Gb|x?df dfq v'lDr+b} uPsf] cj:yfdf k'/fgf]
;QfkIfsf] nflu ljb|f]xLx?sf] oyfy{ l:ylt, of]hgf / sfo{qmdaf/] va/ k|fKt ug]{
g]6js{ lgdf{0f tyf ;'b[9 ug'{kg]{ cfjZostfn] l9nf;':tLsf] rfnjfhL lgwf{l/t
u/]sf] x'g'k5{ .
hgd'lQm
;]gfsf] h'emf? ljrf/ / n8fs'kgdf lzlyntf Nofpg] M
1fg /
Jojxf/sf] åGåfTds ;DaGwcg';f/ eLif0f n8fOFsf k|lzIf0faf6 csf6\o 1fgx? k|fKt
ub}{ cfO/x]sf] hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ nfdf] ;do;Dd o'4lj/fdsf] gfddf cNemfO{ /xFbf
hgkl/rfng nufot cGo ;+u7gfTds sfdaf6 h'emf? lqmofzLntf k|fKt ug]{ nIo /flvP
tfklg ju{ b'Zdgk|ltsf] tLa| 3[0ff / abnfefjsf] u'0ffTdstf k|fKt ug{ klg plQs}
?kdf g;lsg] ;fy} kfl/jfl/s e]63f6, cf}ifwf]krf/ nufot cGo sfddf klg zflGtsfnLg
dfgl;stfsf] k|efjn] kfg]{ c;/åf/f hgd'lQm;]gfsf] h'emf? ljrf/ / n8fs"kgdf
lzlyntf Nofpg rfxG5g\ .
nfdf];do
o'4af6 cnUofP/ kf6L{nfO{ hgtfaf6 s6fpg] M
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf]
bdg / pTkL8gsf] lzsf/af6 k|tfl8t cfd hgtfsf] ljb|f]x af]Ng] Psdfq ;zQm dfWod
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4nfO{ o'4lj/fdåf/f lj>fd u/fOPkl5 -en} jftf{ klg o'4sf] csf]{ ?k lsg gxf];\_ Pp6f ;dofjlw;Dd
pT;flxt / cfzfjfbL /x]klg nfdf] ;do;Dd o;nfO{ a9fOlbg] / cfkm\gf] pTkL8g klg
lg/Gt/ hf/L /fVg], cem} o'4lj/fd / jftf{sf] se/df gofF 9+un] nfu" ugf{n]
-h:tf] k]6«f]lnod kbfy{sf] d"No a[l4_ dfcf]jfbL / hgtfsf] gª / df;' h:tf]
3lgi7 ;DaGwdf cfFr k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljZjf;sf ;fy k'/fgf] ;Qfn] jftf{–k|s[of l9nfO{ ul//x]sf] 5 .
cfkm\gf]
;]gfsf] ;kf]6{ ;KnfO{sf] plrt k|aGw ug]{ M
;Lldt hxfFlgof
/f0ff zfxx?sf] :jfy{g';f/ rNb} cfPsf] -/fli6«otf dflysf] ljb]zL x:tIf]kdf
slxNo} s'g} k|lts[of hgfPsf] 5 / <_ zfxL ;]gfn] hgd'lQm ;]gf;Fu n8\bf
b]lvPsf ;d:ofx?nfO{ ;di6Ls[t ubf{ xfd|f] Hit and Run, Mobile warfare /
Positional Warfare df p;n] agfPsf zf:qLo dfGotfsf k'/fgf ;kf]6{ / ;KnfO{sf tl/sf
/ nfOgx?df etfe'Ë / sfd gnfUg] l:ylt l;h{gf x'Fbf gofF ;Gbe{df cfkm\gf] ;kf]6{
;KnfO{sf tl/sf, ?6 / dfWod /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o ?kdf 7Ls 7Ls tl/sfn] ldnfO{
;dfof]hg ug]{ k|oTgdf klg of] l9nfOsf] ;DaGw 5 .
;}Go zlQmsf]
etL{, tflnd, :yfgfGt/0f / plrt ;+of]hg M
hgd'lQm
;]gfsf] eLif0f cfqmd0faf6 hlt knfog, tflnd ug{ gEofpg] cj:yf, Go"g etL{
cflb hl6ntfsf] e'Fd/Ldf km;]sf] zfxL ;]gfdf lxhf]sf] ;Gbe{df csf{sf] cg'ejsf]
cfwf/df tflndsf nflu tflnd egf{ cflb ul/P tfklg hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ah|d'Ssf
rflv;s]kl5 o;sf] cg'ej ;d]t ;d]6\b} o;nfO{ ;+:yfut ;d]t u/L cGo k|ltjfbLsf]
;d]t cg'ej cfbfg–k|bfgåf/f cem pRr:t/sf] etL{ / tflndsf] cfjZostf dxz";
u/]s} 5 . ;fy} e/] jf ef]ln cfqmd0fsf] clglZrttf / eon] Jojl:yt / ;'b[9
9+un] kmf];{sf] :yfgfGt/0f Joj:yfkgdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofx? klg xn ub}{ cfqmd0f /
/Iffsf] b]zJofkL tfnd]n ;lxt d'Vo ;fdl/s 7fpFx?sf] ;e]{;lxt To:tf 6\oflS6sn
7fpFx?df ;'b[9 /Iff / cfqmd0f zlQm / kª\lQm lgwf{/0f ug'{ / To;sf] plrt
ldnfksf] k|aGw klg ldnfpg rfxfG5 . To;s} nflu 7"nf] ;+Vofdf Kofl;lkms
sdf08af6 cd]l/sL ;]gf cfO{ tflnd lbg] / gofF–gofF ;fdl/s / /0fg}lts 7fpFdf gofF
Aof/]s Joj:yf ug]{ tof/Ldf nflu/x]sf] 5 .
cGt/f{li6«o
;xof]unfO{ ;+:yfut / lbuf] agfpg] M
k'/fgf]
;QfkIfn] cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]usf nflu ljeGg hfnf] agfpg] lg/Gt/ k|of; u/]tf klg
k|r08kysf] k|xf/n] To;nfO{ klg Pssf] b'O{df ljefhgsf] k||s[of tLa| agfOlbPsf]
5 . o;} kl/j]zdf xfd|f] kf6L{sf] ;du| Wofg / lrGtf jftf{df s]lGb|t u/L
;fd|fHojfb / lj:tf/jfbnfO{ ;fi6fË u/L h'g;'s} pkfoåf/f klg ;fd|fHojfbL nufot
cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]unfO{ ;+:yfut / lbuf] agfO{ c6'6 ?kdf ;|f]t k|fKt ub}{ ljb|f]x
s'Nrg] sNkgfn] klg jftf{ nDAofPsf] x'g ;S5 .
cGt/f{li6«o
/fhg}lts tyf kmf}hL bafj ;[hgf ug]{ M
xfdLnfO{ jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf em'nfO{ klg
/fVg] / d}dQ ;fF9] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbb]lv ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb;Dd ;a}n]
cfkm"nfO{ k"0f{ ;xof]u ul/x]sf] / ul//xg] ;fd|fHojfbL wDsLx? ;'gfP/
/fhg}lts / kmf}hL bafj ;[hgf u/L jftf{sf] kxnsbdL cfkm"n] lng] if8\oGqs}
pkh x'g\ ef/tLo ;]gfWoIf lgd{nrGb| / cd]l/sL b"t dflngf]A:sL;Fu ePsf] slyt
;xsfo{ ;Demf}tf .
/fhg}lts kf6L{
/ xfdLaLrdf v]Ng] M
jt{dfg ;Qfsf] :j?k
/ rl/q 7DofO;s]sf] dfcf]jfbLn] klxn]b]lv atfpFb} cfPsf] ;To ut c;f]h !* sf]
zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 3}+6fdf 3fd nfu] hlQs} 5n{Ë} ePkl5 kmfo/ ePsf /fhg}lts kf6L{x?
/ cfkm"x? aLr a9]sf] b"/Ln] rf}tkmL{ 3]/faGbLdf k/]sf] dx;";
ug]{ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] /fhg}lts kf6L{nfO{ cfkm\gf] lsQfdf Nofpg g;s] tfklg sDtLdf
klg dfcf]jfbL;Fu ;xsfo{ ug{ glbg] jf ljb|f]xLx? Pp6} k+lQmdf x'g glbg if8\oGq
ug]{ / cfkm" dha'b x'g] gLlt nfu" ug{sf nflu g t jftf{sf] lgsf; g t
;+;b k'g:yf{kgf jf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] lgsf; Û b'j}sf] nflu jftf{ nDAofpg] t/Lsf
ckgfpFb}5 .
abgfd / lj:yflkt /fhtGqnfO{ :yflkt
ug]{ k|of; M
Oltxf;n]
d"bf{3/df ;hfO;s]sf] cem g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df t h]7 !( ut]kl5 s'x]/
uGxfO;s]sf] /fhtGqnfO{ k"j{ / klZrd, pQ/ / blIf0f, d7 / dlGb/ 8'nfP/
…kljqÚ t'NofpFb} :yflkt ug]{, ;j{q /fhtGqdo agfpg] -/]l8of] g]kfnsf] d]rLsfnL
jf /fhelQm ehgb]lv k|fof]lht clegGbgx?_ of]hgfdf nfUg /fhtGqsf e"t /
dnfdLx?nfO{ ;do rflxg] x'gfn] klg jftf{ nDAofOFb}5 .
oL nufot cGo if8\oGqsf ;fy jftf{ l9nfO{ eO/x]5 . :ki6 5
k|ltlqmofjfbLx?n] cfkm\gf] v'§fdf ahfg{ cfkm}+ 9'+uf prfN5g\ . af/Daf/
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ g]t[Tjn] klg eGbf cfPsf] jf:tljstf s] xf] eg] o'4lj/fd g t
cfTd;dk{0fsf nflu xf] g t xf/]/ jf yfs]/ g} o'4lj/fd ul/Psf] xf] . olb
o;nfO{ ;QfkIfn] a'em]g / xfd|f] ;+odtf / w}o{tfnfO{ sdhf]/Lsf] ?kdf 7fGb} /xg]
/ zfxL ;]gfsf k|jQmf lbks u'?Ën] eg]h:tf] …dfcf]jfbLn] n'6]sf xltof/ lkmtf{
ug'{kg]{ jftf{sf] klxnf] P]h]08f x'g'kg]{Ú, h:tf] x?jf uf]?sf] 5]?jf bfpsf]
jsjf; hf/L /xg] xf] eg] jftf{ 6f]nL ;+of]hs tyf dfcf]jfbL g]tf s= afa'/fd
e§/fO{n] eg]h:t} h+un k:g'sf] ;§f bLks u'?Ën] af]Ng] dfOqmf]kmf]gdf af]Ng
hgd'lQm ;]gf h?/ cfOk'Ug]5g\ . cfzf Pjd\ ljZjf; klg u/f}+ o'4lj/fd / jftf{
e+u geO{ uf]nd]r, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t gofF /fli6«o ;]gfsf] lgdf{0f
xf];\ . cfk;L ljjfbnfO{
cfkm\g} ljlzi7tfdf 6'ª\Uofpg ;lsG5 t/ l5d]sL / hgtfsf lj?4 s'g} ljb]zLnfO{
cufl8 Nofpg] / p;sf] ;w}+ bf; aGg] sfd s'g} klg :jfledfgL dfG5]n] ub}{g / ug'{
x'“b}g . q