dxfg\ zxLb l/taxfb'/ v8\sfk|lt ;–;Ddfg
>4f~hnL ck{0f u/f}+ † s
—s~rg
cfºgf] ljsf;qmddf qmflGtn] 7"n–7"nf km8\sf dfg{] ub{5 . ljrf/ / jlnbfgsf] pRr ;+of]hgn] qmflGt dxfg\
cu|ufdL 5nfª;lxt ljhodf k'Ub5 . o;/L g} cfh g]kfnL hgo'4 g]kfnL qmflGtsf]
nflu dfq xf]Og ljZj–qmflGts} nflu klg Pp6f sf];]9'¨fsf] ?kdf ljsf; ePsf] 5 .
;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfbdfly dfq xf]Og efjL k|ltqmflGtsf] vt/fdfly ;d]t ljhosf]
gof“ cfTdljZjf; kf6L{ k+lQm / cfd hg;d'bfodf k}bf ePsf] 5 . ev{/} ;DkGg
ePsf] g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn] dfn]dfsf]
k|of]uåf/f ;+Zn]lift k|r08kynfO{ csf{] p“rfOdf p7fp“b} ljZj–qmflGtsf]
lbzf–lgb{]z u/]sf] 5 . o;/L xfd|f] kf6L{nfO{ j}slNks w'|jsf] k|ltlglw /
gof“ ljZj Joj:yfsf] ;+jfxs aGg] dxfg\ P]ltxfl;s cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . of]
o'ufGtsf/L dxTjsf] cj;/ k|fKt x'g'sf] d'Vo >]o ;Dk"0f{ cd/ zxLbx?k|lt
hfG5 . To;}n] xfdL kf6L{ s]Gb|sf ;b:o s= /fdj[If ofbj, j}slNks
kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o s= ;'/]z jfUn] / s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sf nufotsf
;Dk"0f{ zxLbx?nfO{ xd];f ;DemL /xG5f}+ / lg/Gt/ phf{ k|fKt ul//xG5f}+ .
xfd|f] c;Lldt phf{sf] >f]t xfd|f] ;jf{]Qd l;4fGt, cfºgf] ju{k|ltsf] lgi7f /
dxfg\ zxLbx?sf] /ut g} xf] . To;}n] dfgj hfltsf] :jl0f{d eljio ;fDojfbsf]
Wo]osf lgldQ cfºgf] ;j{:j clk{t ug{] ;Dk"0f{ dxfg\ zxLbx?k|lt xflb{s
>4f~hln ck{0f ub{} k"jL{ cfsf;df pbfPsf Ps pHHjn gIfq s= l/taxfb'/
v8\sfn] zxfbt k|fKt u/]sf] 7Ls Ps jif{ k'u]sf] -:d[lt lbj;_ cj;/df oxf“
pxf“k|lt >4f;'dg :j?k s]xL zAbx? ck{0f ub{5' .
s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sfn] !% jif{sf] slnn} pd]/b]lv ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] dfWodaf6
cGofo / cTofrf/sf lj?4 n8\g z'? ug{' eof] . ljBfyL{ ;+u7gdf lqmofzLn
x'“bfb]lv g} pxf“ qmflGtsf/L o'jfx?sf dfem c;fWo} nf]slk|o x'g'x'GYof] .
tTsfnLg Pdfn]sf] eft[;+u7g clvnsf] lhNnf ;lrj ePkl5 pxf“df /fhgLlts
sfo{lbzfsf] af/]df a'‰g] lh1f;f tLj| eP/ cfof] . To;}n] pxf“n] Pdfn]
kf6L{leq j}rfl/s, /fhgLlts ax;, 5nkmn rnfpg z'? ug{' eof] . hlthlt 5nkmn,
ax; ub{} cufl8 a9\g' eof] pltplt Pdfn]k|lt ljslif{t x'g yfNg' eof] .
tTsfnLg Pstf s]Gb|k|lt cfslif{t x'g yfNg' eof] . o;}qmddf @)$& ;fndf
;f] ljBfyL{ ;+u7gaf6 ljb|f]x u/]/ qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngdf ;dflxt x'g'eof] .
qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngdf ;dflxt ePsf] nuQ}kl5 clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf] lhNnf ;lrj,
cf/
cf/
SofDk; OsfO cWoIf, bf]nvf lhNnf cWoIf x'“b} ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf] bf]nvf
lhNnf cWoIf x'“bf;Dd s= v8\sf Ps k|v/ jQmf / h'emf? JolQmTjsf] ?kdf :yflkt
e};Sg' ePsf] lyof] .. hgo'4 tof/Lsf] qmddf bf]nvf lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd
rl/sf]6af6 7"nf] dfqfdf s]k, ºo'h / lhn]l6g sAhf ug{] sf/jfxLdf lhNnf
;+u7g ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] x}l;otn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng' eof] .
hgo'4 z'? x'g' eGbf sl/a ! dlxgf cufl8 @)%@ ;fn df3 $ ut]b]lv g} e"ldut
x'g'eof] . o'4df]rf{df n8\b} cufl8 a9\g] qmddf @)%$ ;fn df3 ( ut] Pdfn]
sfo{stf{x?n] PSn} ePsf] df}sf kf/L 3]/f xfn]/ sAhf u/L b'ZdgnfO{ a'emfP .
t/ ;fx;L of]4fnfO{ kmnfd] af/x?n] w]/} lbg 5]Sg ;s]gg\ . pxf“ sflt{s !%
ut] /flt ! ah] gfssf] ck|]zg ug{ jL/ xl:k6ndf /x]sf] a]nf cfºgf] jl/kl/ kx/f
lbO/x]sf b'Zdgsf l;kfxLx?nfO{ 5SofP/ efUg ;kmn x'g'eof] . j}rfl/s,
/fhgLlts, ;f+:s[lts, kmf}hL x/]s If]qdf pxf“n] 5nfª dfg{ yfNg' eof] ..
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L, If]qLo Jo"/f]sf] ;b:o x'“b} # jif{sf] 5f]+6f] cjlwdf g}
@)%& ;fn kmfu'g dlxgfdf ePsf] P]ltxfl;s bf]>f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngaf6 s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] j}slNks ;b:odf lgjf{lrt x'g' eof] . @)%* ;fn >fj0f & ut]
k"jf{~rnsf] klxnf] lhNnf hg;/sf/ bf]nvfsf] k|d'v x'g'eof] . @)%( ;fn
h]7 dlxgfdf ePsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] k"0f{ a}7saf6 gof“ ;+/rgf cg';f/sf]
k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf] ;b:o, a6flnog sldzf/ Pj+ z}Go pkJo"/f]sf]
O~rfh{ x'g'ePsf] lyof] .
s= k|tfk s]xL ;do cfnf]s k|j[ltaf6 lbUd|ldt ePsf]df ulx/f] kZrftfk ug{'
x'GYof] . vf;u/L P]ltxfl;s bf]>f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngåf/f ;+in]lift
k|r08kynfO{ a'‰g] / Jojxf/df nfu" ug{] s'/fdf ;Dd]ngkl5 w]/} s'zntf
b]vfpg' eof] . To;} cjlwdf pxf“n] cfºgf] cWoog / n]vgnfO{ lgs} Jojl:yt
kfg{' eof] . pxf“ l;Sg] / l;sfpg] s'/fdf lgs} ;lqmo x'g'x'GYof] .
h:tf];'s} sl7g df]rf{df klg emDs]kmfn xfNg] pxf“sf] qmflGtsf/L l:kl/6 lyof] .
pxf“sf] oxL l:kl/6sf sf/0f kf6L{ / ;]gf b'j} kmf“6df c;fWo} nf]slk|o
x'g'x'GYof] .
kl5Nnf] r/0fdf cfP/ pxf“nfO{ ;}Go–lj1fgdf cfºgf] cWoognfO{ a9fpg'
k5{ eGg] af]w ePkl5 Totflt/ hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof] . o'4bz{g, o'4/fhgLlt,
kmf}hL /0fgLlt / sfo{gLltdf cfºgf] cWoog s]lGb|t ug{' ePsf] lyof] .
;flxTodf pxf“ klxn]b]lv g} ulx/f] cle?lr /fVg'x'GYof] . ;fg} pd]/b]lv g}
;+:d/0fx? n]Vg] ug{' x'GYof] . kl5 syf ljwfdf cln a9L snd rnfPsf] b]lvG5 .
s]xL sljtf / uLtx? klg /rgf ug{' ePsf] 5 . ;du|df eGg'kbf{ s= l/taxfb'/
v8\sf bz{g, /fhgLlt zf:q, ;}Golj1fg, ;f}Gbo{ zf:q ;a} If]qdf ?lr /fVg'x'GYof] .
;flxTosf] If]qdf pxf“sf b'O{ bh{g eGbf a9L syf, sljtf / ;+:d/0fx? kqklqsfdf
k|sflzt e};s]sf 5g\ eg] sltko ck|sflzt cj:yfdf 5g\ .. ljrf/ / /fhgLlt
;DaGwL n]vx? klg pNn]Vo dfqfdf k|sflzt ePsf 5g\ . ;flxlTos /rgfx? rlDsnf]
tf/fsf] gfddf k|sflzt ePsf 5g\ eg] cGo n]vx? s= k|tfk / l/taxfb'/sf] gfddf
k|sflzt ePsf 5g\ .
pxf“ ;+zf]wgjfbL kf6L{af6 ljb|f]x u/]/ qmflGtsf/L kf6L{df ;dflxt x'g'
ePsfn] ;+zf]wgjfbLx?;“u ;b}j em8k e}/xGYof] . pxf“ Pdfn] g]t[Tj
d08nLsf] cfTd;dk{0fjfbL rl/qsf] tLj| 3[0ffsf ;fy e08fkmf]/ ug{' x'GYof] .
Pdfn]sf] rd]/] gLlt, b'O{lha|] s'/f, if8\oGq, 5n5fd / lts8dafhL ug{] k|j[lQk|lt
cGt/Xbob]lv g} 3[0ff / lt/:sf/ ug{' x'GYof] . ha Pdfn] g]t[Tj d08nLn] dxfg\
hgo'4sf lj?4 k|ltsf/ ug{] cfºgf sfo{stf{nfO{ aNv' b/af/af6 lgb{]zg hf/L u¥of]
ta pxf“n] cfºgf] wf/0ff o;/L k|:t't ug{' ePsf] lyof]– æxfn;Ddsf] %@ jifL{o
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] Oltxf;df ;a}eGbf rsf{] / eLif0f n8fO“ blIf0fk+yL cj;/jfbsf
lj?4 g} x'“b} cfPsf] 5 . xfn;Dd blIf0fk+yL cj;/jfbsf] gfos eg]s} dgdf]xg,
/fodfemL / dbg e08f/L g} x'g\ . h'g k|j[lQ oltv]/ j}rfl/s ;+3if{sf] :t/df
dfq ;Lldt g/x]/ ef}lts ?kdf g} b]vf k/]sf] 5 . ha blIf0fkGyL cj;/jfb
cfTd;dk{0fjfb x'“b} k|lts[ofjfbdf ?kfGtl/t x'G5 To;n] ef}lts k|ltsf/df km8\sf]
dfg{' klg lgtfGt :jfefljs dflgG5 . Pdfn]åf/f ul7t slyt k|ltsf/ ;ldlt o;s}
kl/rfos xf] .
Pdfn]sf /fi6«3ftL hg3ftL / cfTd;dk{0fjfbL gLltsf] tLj| e08fkmf]/ u/]s}
sf/0fn] @)%$ ;fn df3 ( ut] Pdfn] sfo{stf{n] sAhf u/]/ b'idgnfO{ a'emfPsf lyP .
t/ 5f]6} cjlwdf b'idgsf] lsNnf tf]8]/ k|ltlqmofjfbL gjk|ltlqmofjfbL /
;+zf]wgjfbLx?sf lj?4 cfuf] cf]sNb} o'4df]rf{df 8l6/x]sf s= v8\sfk|lt Pdfn]
g]t[Tj d08nL k|ltzf]wn] wkSs an]sf] lyof] . o;} ;Gbe{ / k[i7e"lddf
@)%( ;fn h]7 dlxgfdf ePsf] s]Gb|Lo k"0f{ j}7s / s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf] a}7sdf efu
lnP/ gof“ lhDd]jf/Lsf] pRrtfaf]w ;lxt cfºgf] sfo{If]qdf uO/x]sf] a]nfdf
Pdfn]sf sfo{stf{x?n] ;'O“sf] kfO{ /f}tx6 lhNnfsf] lkk/f ahf/sf] glhs} nf}sfxf
eGg] 7fp“df -h'g lbg ;f]xL ahf/df Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfnsf] pkl:yltdf Ps
sfo{qmd ePsf] lyof]_ dfcf]jfbLx? dfwj g]kfnnfO{ dfg{ cfPsf 5g\ eGg] e|fds xNnf
lkm+hfO{ Pdfn]sf] of]hgfdf b'idgsf 8'n'jfx?n] % j6f df]6/;fOsndf cfO{ 3]/f
xfn]kl5 3]/f tf]8\g] qmddf uf]nL k|xf/ u/]/ pxf“sf] @)%( ;fn c;f/ @ ut] xTof
ul/of] . :d/0f /xf];\ g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_ k"jL{ s]Gb|Lo sdf08åf/f
c;f]h @! ut] k|sflzt krf{df æPdfn] ;d]tsf] if8\oGqdf b'idgn] 3]/fxfnL uf]nL
k|xf/ u/]/ nv]6L pxf“sf] xTof u¥of]Æ elgPsf] lyof] . t/, clxn] tYox?n]
yk k'li6 s] u/]sf 5g\ eg] xTofsf08sf] d'Vo of]hgf g} Pdfn]af6 ag]sf] lyof] .
o;/L s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sfn] klxn] ljZn]if0f ug{' ePsf] s'/fnfO{ Pdfn]sf] Jojxf/n]
k'li6 u/]sf] 5 .
s= l/taxfb'/ v8\sfsf] /f}tx6df xTof u/fO;s]kl5 bf]nvfdf cgu{n k|rf/ u/]/
e|d km}nfpg] b'ik|oTg u/] . @)%( ;fn >fj0f !* ut] cfkm\gf lk|o g]tfsf]
;Demgfdf dfuf b]p/fnL ahf/df >4f~hln ;ef u/]/ efjljJxn / zf]sdUg ePsf lhNnfsf
g]tf tyf sfo{stf{ u/L !% hgfsf] xTof sf6fs'6L uf=h=;=sf] af]4{df Pdfn]s}
sfo{stf{sf] ;'/fsLdf u/fOof] . o;/L s= k|tfksf] hLjg;+u ;DalGwt of]hgfa4 /
>[+vnfa4 36gfqmdx?n] dfq klg ;+zf]wgjfbLx? k|ltlqmofjfbdf ktg ePkl5 slt 3l6of
/ lgs[i6 vfnsf] if8\oGqdf pqg ;Sbf /x]5g\ eGg] s'/f 5n{¨ ePsf] 5 .
s= k|tfkn] 5f]+6} ;dodf w]/} u/]/ hfg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] xfdLnfO{
w]/} 7"nf] k|]/0ff lbP/ hfg' ePsf] 5 . dfly g} pNn]v e};s]sf] 5 ls
pxf“ ;a} If]qdf plQs} ?lr /fVg' x'GYof] . t/ ut;fnsf] a}7sdf cWoIf s=
k|r08sf] hgo'4sf] g]t[Tj ug{ ;}Go lj1fgsf] /fd|f] cWoog lagf c;Dej 5 eGg] lbzf
lgb{]zkl5 pxf“df klxn]b]lv ;}Go If]qdf k|ToIf ;+nUg eP/ sfd ug{] OR5f
k|:km'l6t ePsf] lyof] . Psk6s pxf“n] eGg' ePsf] lyof] ædnfO{
o'4df]rf{sf] clu|d k+lQmdf /x]/ n8\g] OR5f tLj| ?kdf hfu[t eO/x]sf] 5 .Æ
geGb} kf6L{sf] a}7s kl5 a6flnogsf] g]t[Tj ug{] lhDd]jf/L pxf“nfO{ g} k¥of] .
To;kl5 pxf“ ;f“Rr}s} v';L x'g'eof] / ce"tk"j{ ?kdf ;lqmo x'g
yfNg'eof] .
s= k|tfkaf6 xfdLn] l;Sg' kg{] s'/f w]/} 5g\ . To;dWo] ;a}eGbf
dxTjk"0f{ s'/fx? a'“bfut ?kdf pNn]v ug{' pko'Qm x'g] 7fGb5' .
!
l;4fGtnfO{ ulx/f] u/L cfTd;ft\ ug{] / bx|f] c8fg lng] Jojxf/df nfu" ug{
;b}j tTk/ /xg] .
@_
/fhgLlts ?kn] tLI0f cToGt r+v / rt'/ .
#_
cGt/lj/f]wx?sf] l56f] klxrfg ug{ ;Sg], 5nkmn, ax;sf] dfWodåf/f xn ug{ zL3|
k|oTg ug{] .
$_
;d:of cfOkbf{ l56f] lg0f{o lng ;Sg], kxnsbdL cfºgf] xftdf lng l;kfn' .
%_
;+w}el/ qmflGtsf/L cfzfjfbn] cf]tk|f]t eO/xg], lg/fz gx'g] x/]s sl7gfOx?df
k"0f{ cfTdljZjf;sf ;fy cufl8 a9\g] .
^_
k|lts"n l:yltdf klg ;lqmo /lx/xg ;Sg] / cfºgf] 6LdnfO{ plrt 9+un] kl/rfng
ug{] Ifdtf .
&_
b'O{ nfOg /fhgLlts ;+3if{df ;b}j ;xL ljrf/sf] kIfdf b[9tfk"j{s v8f x'g],
kIfw/tfsf] l;4fGtnfO{ bx|f];+u cfTd;ft\ ug{], 5nkmn, ax;sf nflu ;b}j tTk/ /xg],
v'nf, ;Lwf / :ki6;+u s'/f /fVg ;Sg], sfddf ;+w}el/ emDs]kmfn xfNg] cflb u'0fx?
pxf“sf] hLjgaf6 xfdLn] l;Sg ;Sb5f}+ .
j}b]lzs ;fd|fHojfbåf/f k|ToIf ?kdf lgb{]lzt ;fdGtL lg/+s'ztfjfbsf x/]s
bdg / if8\oGqnfO{ lrg{ / gof“ lg0f{ox?sf] sfof{Gjogsf qmddf s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf]
tkm{af6 /utsf] sf]6f r'Qmf ug{ cfjZos k5{ eg] klg tof/ eP/ o'4df]rf{df hfg' kb{5
eGg] cWoIf s= k|r08sf] egfOnfO{ b[9tfk"j{s cfTd;ft\ ub{} s= k|tfkn] xfdL
;a}nfO{ pl5g]/ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] tkm{af6 /utsf] sf]6f r'Qmf ug{' eof] .
k"jf{~rnsf] s'/f ubf{ pxf“ h:tf] xf]gxf/ qmflGtsf/L g]tfsf] zxfbtn]
7"nf] wSsf nfu]sf] 5 . t/ kf6L{, ;]gf / df]rf{sf] gof“ ;+/rgf
pxf“sf] /utsf] hudf dha"t ePsf] 5 . kf6L{ PstfnfO{ gof“ p“rfOdf
p7fPsf] 5 . t;y{ xfdLn] pxf“sf] ;u/dfyf em}+ pRr ;xfbtk|lt uj{ ug{' kb{5
/ ;b}j pxf“n] b]vfPsf] af6f]df cufl8 a9\g] ;+sNk ug{' kb{5 .