;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng ckl/xfo{ 5

l lrqaxfb'/ >]i7, ;+of]hs, /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt

/fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt u7g ug'{sf] p2]Zo s] xf]nf <

     – cu|ufdL /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf nflu k'/fgf] ;Qf tof/ ePsf] b]lvPg . if8\oGq, 5n5fdaf6 cfkm\gf] zf;g Joj:yfnfO{ cs06s hf/L /Vg] / c? k|ltufdL sbdnfO{ tLa|tf lbg] sfddf pm pBt\ 5 . /fli6«otf, hgtGq / hghLjLsfsf ;jfnnfO{ p7fP/ ljut & jif{b]lv g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;z:q ;ª\3if{ ul//x]sf] 5 / clxn] pQm kf6L{ bf];|f] k6s o'4lj/fd u/]/ jftf{–k|lqmofdf ;fd]n ePsf] 5 . ljutsf] jftf{df h:t} k'/fgf] ;Qfn] k'/fg} ;f]rdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cfTd;dk{0f u/fpg] of]hgf agfO/x]sf] b]lv+b}5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] of] /j}of x]bf{ b]z k'gM u[xo'4df hfg] vt/f a9]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ /f]Sg / cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf; lgsfNg] ljrf/sf ;fy xfdL h'emf? hgcfGbf]ngdf pq]sf 5f}+ . oxL dfg]df o; ;ldltsf] u7gsf] d'Vo p2]Zo /x]sf] 5 .

zflGt jftf{–k|lqmofdf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] xb};Ddsf] nrstfsf cufl8 ;/sf/sf] jftf{k|ltsf] rf;f] / rrf{nfO{ s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <

     – dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] jftf{ / ;xdltåf/f d'n'ssf] /fli6«o ;ª\s6nfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ zflGtk"0f{ 9¨n] OdfGbfl/tf h;/L b]vfPsf] 5, oxf“;Dd cfp“bf k'/fgf] ;Qf cToGt} a]OdfgLk"0f{ 9+un] jftf{df ;xdlt eO;s]sf s'/f ;d]t v'n]cfd cj1f ub}{5 . b]zsf] o:tf] cj:yfdf jftf{df a;]sf b'a} kIfdWo] s'g} Ps kIfsf] OdfGbfl/tfn] dfq of] ;dfwfg x'g] ljifo xf]Og . km]l/ åGåsf] l:yltaf6 cufl8 a9\g] ;Defjgfx? b]vfkl//x]sf 5g\ .. PsfPs k'/fgf] rGb ;/sf/sf] lj36g u/L ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] ;/sf/ ag]sf] 5 . of] s';L{df a:g] gf]s/sf] cbnabnn] g} zflGt jftf{ ef“8\g] if8\oGq eO/x]sf] 5 . /, k|sfzrGb| nf]xgL / sdn yfkfsf] @ ;b:oLo ;/sf/L gof“ jftf{ 6f]nLsf] hf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] 5, Tof] 6f]nLn] cfh;Dd k'/fgf] ;/sf/;“u jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf ePsf ;xdlt sfof{Gjog gu/fpg'n] Tof] jftf{ 6f]nL lhDd]jf/k"0f{ b]lv+b}g .

k'/fgf] ;Qfn] zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf; lbg] ;Defjgf slQsf] 5 <

     – olb of] b]zsf lhDd]jf/ kf6L{x?, b]zeQm / qmflGtsf/L zlQmx?, jfdkGyL a'l4hLjLx? / cfd Gofok|]dL hg;d'bfox? Psl9Ssf eP/ of] cGt/f{li6«o if8\oGqsf] lj?4 ;dod} cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL eP eg] ;a} ;d:ofsf] xn zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] x'g ;Sg] ;Defjgf 5 . t/ hgtffly ljZjf; gug]{x?n] zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ga'lemlbg] u/]sf b':;fx; klg xfdLn] a'em\g}k5{ . /, Oltxf; lgdf{0fstf{ hgtf ePsfn] cfzf u/f}+, hgtfsf] zflGtsf] rfxgfdf g]kfnL zf;sx?n] s'7f/f3ft ug{ ;Sg] 5}gg\ .

cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;sf nflu clxn] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj s]Gb|Lo ljifo ag]sf] 5 . 5l/Psf cledt / cfGbf]ng 5l/Ps} 5 t/ o;nfO{ ;ª\ul7t u/fpg ;s]sf] b]lvPg lg <

     – 7Ls xf], clxn];Dd ;+ljwfg ;efsf] kIfdf olt w]/} hgcledtx? x'“bfx'“b} klg PsLs[t 9+un] n}hfg ;lsPsf] 5}g . To;}n] oL cledtx?nfO{ Jojl:yt / ;+ul7t u/]/ cu|ufdL lgsf;sf nflu Pp6} :j/ / Pp6} efsf agfpg' k/]sf] 5 . o; cj;/df km]l/ /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt u7gsf] P]ltxfl;stfnfO{ hf]8 lb+b} eGg rfxG5'– kl/l:yltsf] oxL dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/L ldNg ;Sg]x?sf] aLrdf sfo{ut Pstf ub}{ cfGbf]ngdf cl3 a9\g] cfkm\gf] k|lta4tf hfx]/ u/]sf 5f}+ . /, cfufdL lgsf; vf]Hg] lsQfsf] g]t[Tj ub}{ ;+ul7t cEof; ug{ nflu/x]sf 5f}+ .

/fhfsf] k|ltufdL sbdsf lj?4 ;+;bjfbLx?n] cfGbf]ng rnfO/x]sf 5g\ / tkfO{+x? klg k|ltufdL / oyfl:yltsf lj?4 ;ª\3if{ ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . s] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf] p7fg x'g ;Qm}g <

     – xf], /fhf 1fg]Gb|n] k|To]s kfOnfdf k|ltufdL sbd rln/x]sf 5g\ . To;sf] lj/f]w of] jf Tof] gfddf eO/x]sf] t 5 t/ an k'Ug] u/L ;+ul7t cfjfh cyjf cfGbf]ng gx'g'sf] sf/0f ;d:ofnfO{ 7Ls 9+un] Ps} ;dodf klxrfg ug{ g;Sg' xf] .

     xfdL ;w}+ k/Dk/fut k|ltufdL if8\oGqsf lj?4 cfGbf]ng/t 5f}+ . ;+;bjfbL kf6L{x?df /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL lrGtg 5, Tof] lrGtgaf6 pgLx? dfly p7"g\ eGg] xfd|f] cfu|x xf] / clxn] xfd|f] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng gx'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f oxL xf] .. t/, xfdL ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf nflu gof“ cfwf/df gof“ Pstf ug{ tof/ 5f}+ . To;}n] xfdLn] ;a};“u 5nkmn ul//x]sf5f}+ .

s] ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ng p7\g] ;ª\s]t 5 t <

     – clxn] cfGtl/s 5nkmn / cGtlqm{ofn] ;sf/fTds lbzf klqm/x]sf] 5 . xfdLx? lgs6 eljiodf cfGbf]ngnfO{ d"t{ ?k lbg nflu/x]sf 5f}+ . oBlk of] d'n'sdf l56f]eGbf l56f] cfGbf]ngdf hfg'kg]{ ePsfn] /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltn] oxL cfiff9 ^ ut] ljzfn hgk|bz{g ug]{ ePsf] 5 . To;df cfd /fi6«jfbL hg;d'bfonfO{ ;+ljwfg ;efsf kIfdf cledt hfx]/ ug{ ;8s cfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g cfx\jfg ub{5' .

/fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltn] ;8s ;+3if{sf] 3f]if0ff s]–s] dfu /fv]/ ub}{5 <

     – k|ltudg / oyfl:yltjfbaf6 d'n'snfO{ zflGtk"0f{ 9+un] cu|ufdL lgsf;tkm{ 8f]¥ofpgsf nflu hgtfnfO{ jf:tljs cy{df ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ ;DkGg agfpg uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfu k"/f u/fpg xf] . gof“ / k'/fgf] ;QfaLr rln/x]sf] jftf{sf lj/f]wL s'tTjx?sf lqmofsnfknfO{ e08fkmf]/ ug{, zflGt jftf{nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofO{ lbuf] zflGtsf] kxnsf nflu hgbafj l;h{gf ug{ xf] . cem :ki6 zAbdf eGg] xf] eg] b]z / hgtfsf lj?4 eO/x]sf b]zL–ljb]zL rnv]n / x:tIf]klj?4 hgr]tgf hufpg xf] . :jfledfgL, ;d'Ggt g]kfn lgdf{0fsf vflt/ b]zelQmk"0f{ cfGbf]ngsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/ ub}{ juL{o, hftLo, If]qLo, ln¨Lo e]befj, kIfkft, zf]if0f / pTkL8gaf6 hgtfnfO{ d'Qm ug]{ kxnsf] ;'?jft xf] .

xfn} g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf s= k|r08n] g]kfndf zfxL–cd]l/sg if8\oGqsf] rnv]n a9]sf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . tkfO{+n] klg ljb]zL if8\oGq / x:tIf]k a9]sf] atfpg'eof] . jf:tjdf of] zfxL–cd]l/sg if8\oGq eg]sf] s] xf] <

     – oltv]/ zfxL–cd]l/sg if8\oGq / x:tIf]k lsg elgPsf] xf] eg] g]kfnL zf;sx? cd]l/sg xltof/, k};f, tflnd / of]hgfdf cufl8 a9]sf 5g\ . o;n] /fli6«o rl/q g} u'dfPsf] cj:yf 5 . o;}n] To;f] elgPsf] xf] / /fli6«o zfxL ;]gf eGg' h?/L b]lvPg .

s] cd]l/sfn] rLg / ef/t h:tf ljzfn b]zsf aLrdf /x]sf] g]kfnnfO{ blIf0f Pl;ofdf 3]/f xfNg] c8\8f agfpg ;Dej 5 <

     – g]kfndfly x:tIf]k ug'{sf] d"n sf/0f cd]l/sfsf] g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] ;}Go c•f agfpg] leqL nIo /x]sf] b]lvG5, hf] blIf0f Pl;ofdf cfkm\gf] km0ff lkm+hfpg] p2]Zo ;lDdlnt 5 . To;}n] oltv]/ Totflt/ Wofg lbg'k5{ . of] ;Defljt b':;fx;nfO{ rsgfr"/ kfg{ /fi6«jfbL qmflGtsf/L zlQm / :jfledfgL hg;d'bfon] kxn ug{ h?/L 5 .

To;f] eP tkfO{+x?n] rnfpg vf]h]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] :j?k s:tf] x'G5 <

     – g]kfnL ;fj{ef}ddfly ljb]zL x:tIf]k c? al9/x]sf] 5 . cfh v'n]cfd g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfsf] :jfledfgdfly r'gf}lt lb+b} a9]sf] x:tIf]k /f]Sg hgtfsf] h'emf? ;+3if{ Ps dfq ljsNk ag]sf] 5 .. xfd|f] cfGbf]ngsf] yfngL zflGtk"0f{ x'g]5 . olb zflGtk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdfly bdgsf] efiff sxL+ st} d"v{tfk"0f{ 9+un] k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f eof] eg] ;+3if{sf] ?k ablng ;S5 cyf{t\ zflGtk"0f{ ;+3if{nfO{ cufl8 a9fO/x]sf] a]nf /fHoåf/f ul/g] Jojxf/n] xfd|f] cfGbf]ngsf] :j?k lgwf{/0f ug]{5 .

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] cfkm\gf] hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfnnfO{ /fli6«o ;]gf agfpg tof/ x'“bf klg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ /fli6«o ;]gfdf ;dflxt ug{ lsg k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] 6fpsf] b'vfOsf] ljifo eO/x]sf] 5 <

     – g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ hgtfsf] ljZjf; 5 t/ k'/fgf] ;Qf, h;sf] g]t[Tj /fhfn] u/]sf 5g\, nfO{ hgtfsf] ljZjf; 5}g . o;f] eGg'sf] dtnj dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ hgtf / d'n'sk|lt lhDd]jf/ / OdfGbf/ eO{ hgk|ltlglwsf] dftxtdf cfkm\gf hgd'lQm ;]gfnfO{ /fVg tof/ ePsf] 5 . t/ /fhfn] cfkm" l6Sg] a}zfvLsf ?kdf /x]sf zfxL ;]gfnfO{ hgtfsf hgk|ltlglwsf] dftxtdf /fv]df cfkm" hf]uL x'g] s'/fn] lk/f]n]sf] x'g ;S5 . To;}n] clxn]sf] jftf{ ef“8\g / cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] ?kdf cfPsf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfjsf af/]df cfn6fn eO/x]sf] 5 . To;sf] va/bf/L ug'{k5{ .

cGTodf, klxn] ul7t /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;+of]hg ;ldlt / clxn]sf] /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltaLrsf] cGt/ s] 5 <