lu/km\tf/L / a]kQfsf] qmd hf/L
sf7df8f}+÷
o'4lj/fd / cfrf/;+lxtfsf] 7f8f] pNnª\3g x'g]u/L ljleGg 7fp“df ;]gf / k|x/Lsf
ultljlwx? hf/L /x]sf ;dfrf/x? xfdLnfO{ k|fKt ePsf 5g\ .
o;/L
cfrf/;+lxtfsf] dd{ljk/Lt h]7 !^ ut] sf7df8f}+ uf}zfnfaf6 lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf dlxnf
/ dhb'/ sfo{stf{x? piff b]jsf]6f, lji0f' yfkf, ;/f]h a'9fyf]sL / lktfDa/
lu/LnfO{ sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntn] lxhf] ;f]daf/ lx/f;tdf /fVg yk & lbgsf]
Dofb lbPsf] 5 . cfkm\gf] ;f+u7lgs sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf lx+l8/x]sf tL
sfo{stf{nfO{ rGbf P]gcGtu{t d'2f nufOPsf] 5 .
Onfdaf6
k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ ljBfyL{sf] !^ cf}+ /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] tof/Lsf] qmddf nfu]sf
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ lhNnf ;x–;lrj rGb| ;fksf]6fnfO{ h]7 @$ ut] lu/km\tf/ u/L
a]kQf kfl/Psf] 5 .
;fksf]6fnfO{
sf]na'ªsf] s'xL8f“8f eGg] ufp“af6 u:tLdf cfPsf] ;]gfn] sAhfdf lnPkZrft\ af]/fdf
xfnL nu]sf] :yfgLo jfl;Gbfn] atfPsf 5g\ . ;fksf]6fsf kl/jf/hgn] pxf“sf]
vf]hLgLlt / l/xfOsf lgldQ kxn ul/lbg dfgjclwsf/sdL{, ;~rf/dfWod, /]8qm; Pjd\
gful/s ;dfh;“u cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ .
ptf
/f}tx6af6 k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ s?lgofdf ;+u7gsf] sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf uPsf d/fd'df],
g]kfnsf lhNnf ;b:o e'h'/L cfnd, /fd;f]u/y /fo, cgj/, ;ln tyf clgn
d'NnfnfO{k|x/L sfof{no u?8f / lzjgu/af6 cfPsf] @ Eofg k|x/Ln] lu/km\tf/ u/L
nu]sf 5g\ .. /fd;f]uf/y /fo, cgj/, ;nLdnfO{ ;f]xL lbg l/xf ul/P klg d'h'/L
cfnfd / clgtf d'tnfnfO{ a]kQf agfOPsf] pxf“x?sf kl/jf/n] atfPsf 5g\ .
o;cl3 O6xl/of ahf/af6 lu/km\tf/ ul/Psf /fh]Gb| dxtf]nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L clxn];Dd
l/xf ul/Psf] 5}g .
;fj{hlgs ul/Pg
nfdf]
;dob]lv /0f zfb"{n u0f, /fdgu/, a'6jndf aGbL agfOPsL k8\;/L–@ ?kGb]xL
lgjf;L ;'gufef kf]v|]nnfO{ cem};Dd ;fj{hlgs gul/Psf] ;'gufefsL cfdf dfwjL
kf]v/]nn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .
ut h]7 %
ut] cGt/f{li6«o /]8qm; ;ldltn] /0f zfb"{n u0fdf ;'gufefnfO{ e]6L ))$!%$
g+= sf] kl/rokq lbPsf] lyof] . ;f]xL kl/rokqsf cfwf/df ut h]7 !@ ut] cfdf
dfwjLkf]v/]nn] k'g/fj]bg cbfnt a'6jn;dIf aGbL k|ToIfLs/0fsf] l/6 bfo/ ug'{ePsf]
lyof] .. t/ u0fn] ;'gufef kf]v/]n cfkm\gf] lgoGq0fdf gePsf] atfPsf] dfwjL
kf]v/]nn] atfpg'eof] .
To:t}
k'g/fj]bg cbfntn] )%* ;fn df3b]lv u}/sfg'gL y'gfdf /fv]sf huGgfy kf]v/]n;lxt !*
hgfnfO{ sf/fuf/ d'Qm ug{ cfb]z lbPsf] 5 .
g]kfnu~haf6
k|fKt csf]{ ;dfrf/df dx/fh bhL{ nufotsf dflg;x?nfO{ k|of]u u/L :yfgLo
Jofkf/LnfO{ kqmfpg] / lghx?af6 xhf/f}+ /sd c;'n ug]{ sfddf zfxL ;]gf ;lqmo
/x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . :yfgLo Jofkf/Lx? cfkm"n] 3/ tyf ;'gsf uxgf laqmL
u/L @@ nfeGbf a9L /sd u'Ndsf clws[t /d]z :jf“/nfO{ a'emfPsf] atfp“5g\ .
:yfgLo Jofkf/L k|df]b hnfgn] cfkm"nfO{ kqm]/ oftgf lb+b} k};f vfP/ l/xf
ul/Psf] atfP . To:t} ;]gfn] eG;f/ r]lsªsf gfddf lsgd]n u/]/ kms]{sf ;fdfGo
JolQmx?nfO{ klg cgfjZos b'Mv lbg] u/]sf] 5 .
hgcfGbf]ng Jojl:yt ug{ /fli6«o ;ldlt lgdf{0f
klZrd g]kfnsf k|d'v zx/ / /fhdfu{df a[xt\ ;fª\n]h'n'z
cfof]hgf ul/g]
sf7df8f}+÷
zflGtjftf{ ef“8\g ljb]zL ;fd|fHojfbL / b/afl/of if8\oGq a9\b} hf“bf ca hgtfn]
zflGtjftf{ ;kmn agfpg ;8s ;+3if{dfkm{t\ Jofks bafj lbg] ePsf 5g\ . o;sf
nflu o;} xKtf /fhwfgLdf a;]sf] ljleGg df]rf{ / hgjuL{o ;+u7gx?sf] Ps a}7sn] /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt, g]kfn lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ff
cfOtaf/ /fhwfgLdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdfkm{t\ ul/of] .
;f]daf/
;f“em hgfb]z;“u s'/f ub}{ /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltsf ;+of]hs lrqaxfb'/
>]i7n] clxn] cfkm"x? hgcfGbf]ngsf] cfGtl/s u[xsfo{df h'l6/xsf]
atfpg'eof] . …o;sf nflu xfdL hgcfGbf]ngsf kIfw/ ;d"x / JolQmx?;“u
5nkmn / cGt/lqmofdf h'l6/x]sf 5f}+Ú ;+of]hs >]i7n] cufl8 eGg'eof] .
a[xt\ 5nkmn / cGtlqm{ofkl5 ;se/ hgcfGbf]ngsf ;femf sfo{qmdx? to u/]/ ;fj{hlgs
ul/g] klg pxf“n] atfpg'eof] .
b/af/sf
jt{dfg lqmofsnfkx?n] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] cfjZostf emg\ a9\b} uPsf] klg pxf“n]
atfpg'eof] . b]zL, ljb]zL zlQmx?n] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf dflg;nfO{ v]nfP/
zflGtjftf{ ef“8\g] if8\oGq ul//x]sfn] Tof] if8\oGq c;kmn agfpg zflGtk"0f{
;8s cfGbf]ng ckl/xfo{ ePsf] 5– ;+of]hs >]i7n] cufl8 eGg'eof] .
jt{dfg
kl/l:yltdf :jfefljs ?kdf hgcfGbf]ngsf] s]Gb|ljGb' /fhwfgL ePsf] / kl5
cfjZostfcg';f/ clw/fHoel/ lj:tf/ x'g] ;f] ;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . …hgcfGbf]ng
k"0f{tM zflGtk"0f{ x'g]5 t/ k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] an k|of]u u/]df To;sf]
?k km]l/g klg ;S5 .. To;sf] lhDd]jf/L k'/fgf] ;Qfn] lng'k5{Ú– ;+of]hs
lrqaxfb'/ >]i7n] r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .
/fli6«o
hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltåf/f cfOtaf/ /fhwfgLdf cfof]lht kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf cWoIf lrqaxfb'/
>]i7 / ;lrj b]j]Gb| k/fh'nLn] kqsf/x?sf lh1f;fx?sf] hjfkm lbg'ePsf]
lyof] . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ljtl/t jQmJodf elgPsf] 5– …jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;ª\s6sf]
lgsf; gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fåf/f /fhg}lts ;+/rgfdf kl/jt{g u/L hgtfnfO{
k"0f{ k|hftflGqs clwsf/ / ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg u/]/ dfq lg:sg ;Dej 5 .Ú
k|ultzLn
/fhgLlts lgsf;;lxtsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgdf k'Ug jftf{nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{;Dd
k'¥ofpg h?/L ePsf] :ki6 kfb}{ o;sf] 7f]; ;femf k|:tfj ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfWodaf6
gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{ g} x'G5– jQmJodf elgPsf] 5 .
;QfkIf /
;+;bLo zlQmn] To; k|:tfjsf] ;§fdf csf]{ To:tf] ;jf]{Qd ljsNk lbg g;s]sfn]
oyfl:ylt k|ltudgsf lj?4 h'Wb} gof“ k|ultzLn ;dfwfgsf] vf]hL cfjZos ePsf] klg
jQmJodf :ki6 kfl/Psf] 5 . /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldlt Gofo / zflGtsf kIfw/
tdfd hg;d'bfonfO{ uf]naGb ub}{ k"0f{ k|hftflGqs lgsf;sf nflu uf]nd]r
;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfu k"/f u/fpg ;+3if{df ;fd]n x'g]5
tyf ;se/ ;+o'Qm ;+3if{sf] kxndf h'6\g] klg pQm jQmJodf atfOPsf] 5 .
o;}u/L
g]kfnsf] k"jL{ / klZrdL If]qx?df klg zflGtk"0f{ hgcfGbf]ngsf sfdx?
;'? x'g] ePsf 5g\ . klZrd g]kfnaf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ cfufdL c;f/ * ut]
laxfg ( ah]b]lv !! ah];Dd ljleGg df]rf{x? / hgjuL{o ;+u7gx?n] a[xt\ ;fª\n]
h'n'zx? cfof]hgf ub}{5g\ . lrtjgsf] gf/fo0fu9b]lv s~rgk'/sf]
dx]Gb|gu/;Ddsf k|d'v zx/x? /
/fhdfu{ rf]sx?df cfof]hgf ul/g] tL ;fª\n]
h'n'zx?dfkm{t\ hgtfn] k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ jftf{ ;kmn kfg{ bafa lbg]5g\ .
;ldltåf/f
hf/L lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5M–
d'n's ;ftjif{sf] nfdf] u[xo'4 kf/ u/]/ b'O{;QfaLr
zlQm;Gt'ngsf] cj:yfdf k'u]kl5 clxn] o'4lj/fdsf] k|lqmofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 .
k'/fgf] / gof“ ;QfaLr zflGtk"0f{ /fhg}lts lgsf;sf nflu ePsf ;xdlts} sf/0f
b]zn] c:yfoL zflGt k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . b'a} kIf jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf a;] klg
cu|ufdL lgsf;sf af/]df cem} s'g} wf/0ff k'/fgf] ;Qfn] agfpg ;s]sf] 5}g .
jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] lgsf; gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fåf/f /fhg}lts ;+/rgfdf
kl/jt{g u/L hgtfnfO{ k"0f{
k|hftflGqs clwsf/ / ;fj{ef}d ;Qf ;DkGg u/]/ dfq lg:sg ;Dej 5 . ca hgtfaf6
;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f, cg'df]bg / sfof{Gjog tyf kl/dfh{g ug]{ k|lqmofsf] yfngL
geP;Dd hgtf ;fj{ef}d clwsf/ ;DkGg 5g\ eGg] s'/f Pp6f e|d / kfv08 afx]s s]xL x'g
;Sb}g . dfcf]jfbLx? k"0f{ k|hftGqsf] :yfkgfsf nflu k|lta4 eP/ :ki6 /fhg}lts
k|:tfj;lxt 6]a'ndf cfp“bf klg ;QfkIf hfnem]n / if8\oGqsf] af6f] klqm+b} cfn6fn
ug]{ / em'Sofpg] gLltdf cu|;/ eO/x]sf] ;j{q dx;'; eO/x]sf] 5 . ha ls l;¨f]
b]z zflGtk"0f{ af6f]af6 cu|ufdL kl/jt{gsf] dfudf b[9 eP/ plePsf] 5 .
hgtf u[xo'4 xf]Og zflGt vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ / zflGtsf] af6f]af6 cfkm\gf] eljio
lgdf{0f ug]{ tyf b]znfO{ ;d'Ggt / ljsl;t ug]{ rfxgf k|s6 ub}{5g\ t/ pgLx?
d"bf{ zflGt xf]Og /fhg}lts, ;fdflhs / ;f“:s[lts gof“ kl/jt{g;lxt k|ultzLn
af6f]af6 zflGtsf] rfxgf JoQm ul//x]sf 5g\ .. olb zflGtsf gfddf km]l/
hgtfnfO{ k'/fg} b'u{ltsf] ;fdGtL k|ltufdL bnbndf km;fP/ /fVg] rfxgf xf] eg]
hgtf To;nfO{ :jLsfg{ tof/ 5}g a? d]6\g / d]l6g tof/ 5 eGg] :ki6 b]lvG5 .
t;y{ k|ultzLn /fhg}lts lgsf;;lxtsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;dfwfgdf k'Ug jftf{nfO{
tfls{s lgisif{;Dd k'¥ofpg h?/L 5 h;sf] 7f]; ;femf k|:tfj ;+ljwfg ;efsf dfWodaf6
gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug'{ g} x'g;S5 . g ;QfkIf g ;+;bLo zlQmn] o;
k|:tfjsf] ;§fdf csf]{ s'g} To:tf] ;jf]{Qd ljsNk clxn] lbg ;s]sf 5g\ ..
oltv]/ ;+;bLo zlQmn] …;+;b k'g:yf{kgf, sfo{sfl/0fL clwsf/ lkmtf{, ;+ljwfg
;+zf]wgÚsf h'g s'/f u/]sf 5g\ Tof] eg] 6fn6'n] s'/f / e|dafx]s s]xL x'g]
b]lvGg . h'g oyfl:yltjfbL ;f]r dfq} xf] . oyfl:yltjfbL ;f]r /
lbUe|ldt cfGbf]ngn] ljBdfg ;ª\s6sf] lgsf; lbg;S5 eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfUb}g a?
oyfl:ylt / k|ltudgsf lj?4 h'4} gof“ k|ultzLn ;dfwfgsf] vf]hL cfjZos 5 .
j:t'tM ;+;bLo zlQmx?sf] pk/f]Qm dfuleq /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL ;f]r n's]sf]
b]lvG5 h;sf lj?4 b[9tfk"j{s j}rfl/s ;+3if{ ug'{ cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .
jftf{sf dfWodaf6 ;dfwfgsf s'/fx? clxn] cf]em]ndf kfl/Psf]
5 / ;QfkIfn] em'Sofpg] v]n v]Ng nfu]sf] b]lv+b} 5 . To;sf k5fl8
cd]l/sL, ef/tLo tyf cGo ;fd|fHojfbL zlQmx?sf] k|ToIf xft /x]sf] :ki6
x'G5 . h;df b]zleqs} b]zb|f]xL / jftf{lj/f]wL tŒj ;fd]n ePsf] 5 .
g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ljb]zL zlQmsf] of] k|ToIf x:tIf]k Oltxf;b]lv g} dgk/]g / dg dg{
klg ;Sb}g . Psd'7L /ut /x];Dd g]kfnLx? ;fd|fHojfbL o:tf] k|ToIf x:tIf]k /
bjfjlj?4 :jfledfgsf] kIfdf n8\g ;Ifd /x]sf] s'/f ljutn] b]vfO;s]sf] 5 .
o;/L g]kfnLx?sf] cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ ljb]zL x:tIf]kåf/f
lgif]w ug{ vf]lhPsf] 5 t/ g]kfnLx? cfkm\gf] efUo / eljiosf] lg0f{o ug{ cfkm}
;Ifd 5g\ egL b]vfOlbg' jt{gdfgsf] cfjZostf xf] . To;sf] nflu ;Dk"0f{
g]kfnLx? Pp6} d~rdf pleP/ ;+3if{df nfda4 x'g h?/L ePsf] 5 . Psflt/
/fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgdf b]zleq g} jftf{ / zflGtlj/f]wL tŒjx?sf] if8\oGq /
csf{tkm{ ljb]zL zlQms]Gb|x?sf] of] k|ToIf x:tIf]k / rnv]nn] jftf{nfO{ cufl8
a9\g, lgisif{df k'Ug tyf To;sf] sfof{Gjog x'g glbg] :ki6 ;+s]t b]vfk/]sf 5g\
eg] csf]{ r/0fsf] jftf{nfO{ g} klg zª\sf, cljZjf; / lje|dsf] e'“d/Ldf
kfl/lbPsf] 5 . To;sf k|ToIf pbfx/0f x'g\ ;QfkIfaf6 ePsf cfrf/;+lxtf
pNnª\3g, ;xdlt sfof{Gjogdf c:jLs[lt tyf ev{/ dfq rGb ;/sf/sf] lj36g / ljb]zL
zlQmsf] lgb]{zgdf ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] k|wfgdGqLdf lgo'lQm . oL s'/faf6
;QfkIf / ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|sf] ;f“7uf“7df jftf{nfO{ t'xfpg] / ef“8\g] k|lqmof ;'?
eO;s]sf] :ki6 x'G5 .
b]zsf] o:tf] ;+uLg l:yltdf hgtfsf clwsf/ k'g:yf{lkt ug{ /
hgtfnfO{ jf:tljs cy{df ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg t'Nofpg tyf b]zsf] k|ultzLn lgsf; /
lbuf] zflGt :yfkgf ug{ km]l/ hgtfn] csf]{ cfGbf]ngsf] cf“wLa]x/L l;h{gf
ug'{kg]{ l:ylt cufl8 cfPsf] 5 . oxL l:yltnfO{ dx;'; ub}{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ dfly
p7fpg] / hgbjfj l;h{gf ug]{ tyf jftf{nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg afWo kfg]{
p2]Zon] /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng ;ldltsf] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . /fli6«o hgcfGbf]ng
;ldlt tdfd Gofo / zflGtsf kIfw/ hg;d'bfonfO{ uf]naGb ub}{ k"0f{ k|hftflGqs
lgsf;sf nflu ;+ljwfg ;ef, uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng / cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] dfu k"/f u/fpg
;+3if{df ;fd]n x'g]5 / ;s];Dd ;+o'Qm ;+3if{sf] kxndf h'6\g]5 . s'g} klg
cu|ufdL lgsf;lagfsf cfGbf]ngn] jt{dfg ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 / /fhg}lts ;d:ofsf] xn
lgsfNg ;Sb}g . g t k|ltufdL g oyfl:yltjfbL sbdn] g} jt{dfg ;d:ofsf] xn
;Dej 5 . t;y{ cfTd;dk{0fjfbL k|j[lQsf lj?4 b[9tfk"j{s ;+3if{ ub}{
b]znfO{ o; ;ª\uLg df]8 / ljkQLsf] 38Laf6 kf/ lgsf:g cfGbf]ngdfq Pp6f ljsNk aGg
k'u]sf] 5 . cfGbf]ngaf6 dfq} ;QfkIfnfO{ bjfj l;h{gf ug{, zf;sx?nfO{
em'sfpg ;lsG5 eGg] xfdLn] 7fg]sf 5f}+ . t;y{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;+o'Qm
cfGbf]ngdf kl/jt{g ub}{ ;+3if{df cl3 a9\g xfdL ;Dk"0f{ kIf;“u cfx\jfg
ub{5f}+ . ;+o'Qm hg;+3if{df pq]/ g} jt{dfgsf] plrt lgsf;sf nflu bjfa
l;h{gf ug{ ;lsg]5 . To;n] dfq} k|ltudgsf/L zlQmnfO{ em'sfpg]5 .
cfGbf]ngsf] cf“wL p7fO{ jftf{nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg] bafj l;h{gf ug{
xfdL hg;d'bfo;dIf ckLn ub{5f}+ . wGojfb †Ú
o;}aLr
g]kfnL sf+u|]; -;'j0f{_n] ljb]zL zlQmsf] k|ToIf lgb]{zgdf /fhn] ;+:yfut
e|i6frf/sf gfOs] ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ k|=d+= agfPsf] hgfp“b} dfcf]jfbLn]
cufl8 ;f/]sf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfu hfoh ePsf] atfPsf] 5 .
pQm
kf6L{sf tkm{af6 cWoIf k|Nxfb x'dfufO{+n] h]7 @@ ut]sf] ldltdf hf/L u/]sf] k|];
lj1lKtdf bf;tfaf6 d'lQm kfpgsf nflu dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bjfbLx?n] rnfPsf]
cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;“u} n}hfg'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'ePsf] 5 .
cfufdL hg;efsf sfo{qmdx?
afun'ª h]7
@& jfbn
c3f{vf“rL h]7
@& b]j u'?ª
sflnsf]6 h]7
#! 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{
jL/u~h h]7 #! b]j u'?ª / dft[sf ofbj
l;Gw'nL h]7 #! jfbn
;+;bjfbLx?nfO{ s'l6n e|ddf gkg{
cfx\jfg
sf7df8f}+÷g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf s=
k|r08n] b]zdf tTsfn cu|ufdL / ;du|
/fhg}lts lgsf; clgjfo{ ePsf] cfhsf] ;Gbe{df j}b]lzs zlQms]Gb|x?sf] :jfy{ /
lgb]{zgdf k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] k|wfgdGqL abNg] gf6s d~rg u/]/, sfo{sf/L clwsf/sf]
sfg'gL s'ts{;lxt k|ltudgnfO{ …;'b[9Ú ug]{ / b]znfO{ clgi6sf/L åGå / d'7e]8lt/
ws]Ng] if8oGqsf] k|bz{g u/]sf] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . hg;d'bfosf] zflGt /
k|ultsf] cfsfª\Iffcg';f/ cufl8 cfPsf] o'4lj/fd / cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf ug]{ tyf
jftf{df ePsf ;xdltsf] sfof{Gjog ub}{ ;du| jftf{–k|lqmofnfO{ ;kmn kfg{ cfjZos
uDeL/tf / tbf?stfdf xf]Og, pN6} …km'6fpm / zf;g u/Ú sf] s'l6n v]ndf
g} cfkm"nfO{ s]lGb|t ul//x]sf] pNn]v ub}{ lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– æ;+ljwfg
;efsf] k|hftflGqs ljlwåf/f gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ug'{ P]ltxfl;s?kn] cfjZos
eO;s]sf] cfhsf] l:yltdf b]z / b'lgof“n] b]Vg] u/L cfkm}n] xTof u/]sf]
;+ljwfgsf] nfznfO{ k|ltudgsf] /Iff sjrsf ?kdf k|of]u ug]{ w[i6tfeGbf 7"nf]
cg}ltstf / lj8Dagf c? s] x'g ;S5 < lj3l6t ;+;bsf] k'g:yf{kgf / ;+ljwfgsf]
lqmofzLntfsf] s'/f u/]/ …uf]? Aofpg] cfzfdfÚ, gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf lgldQ
cfGbf]ng clgjfo{ gb]v]sf k|d'v ;+;bjfbL bnx?sf nflu of] kl/36gf Pp6f 7"nf]
gsf/fTds lzIff aGg uPsf] 5 . 36gfqmdn] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] xfd|f] Go"gtd
/fhg}lts k|:tfjsf] hgkIfLo cf}lrTo / dxŒjnfO{ ;zQm 9ª\un] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 .
xfdL cfhsf] ;Dj]bgzLn 38Ldf b]zsf k|d'v ;+;bjfbL Pjd\ ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm /
hgkIfLo zlQmx?;“u ;QfkIfsf] s'l6n v]nsf] e|ddf gk/L gof“ ;+ljwfgdfkm{t cu|ufdL
/fhg}lts lgsf;sf] Pp6} gf/fcGtu{t ;8s / jftf{sf] df]rf{df cfGbf]ngnfO{ cufl8
a9fpg hf]8bf/ cfu|x ub{5f}+ .Æ
lj1lKtsf] cGTodf– æxfdLn] klxn] g} :ki6
u/]sf 5f}+ ls ljBdfg l:yltdf b/af/n] hf]–s;}nfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf] 6Lsf nufP klg
tflŒjs?kn] To;sf] j}wflgs / g}lts x}l;ot nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf] eGbf km/s
x'g]5}g . jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf p;k|ltsf] xfd|f] gLlt klg klxn]sf] h:t} /xg]5 .
cGtdf k|wfgdGqL abn]/ g]kfnL hgtfsf] zflGt / k|ultsf] cfsfª\Iffdfly aGb]h
nufpg] ;kgf b]Vg aGb u/]/ cljnDa jftf{ ;kmn kfg]{ jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug{ xfdL
;QfkIf;“u ljz]if cfu|x ub{5f}+Æ elgPsf] 5 .
cfd;ef
====
uf]/vf
/ nfxfgaf6 lvnaxfb'/ e08f/L
uf]/vf÷k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGbsf]
/fhLgfdf / ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf gof“ k|wfgdGqL ag]kl5 klxnf]rf]l6 ;fj{hlgs
;df/f]xdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ :yfoL ;ldltsf ;b:o tyf dfcf]jfbL jftf{6f]nLsf
;+of]hs 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] …/fhfn] Tofu ug'{k5{ eg]sf] /fhu2L 5f]8\g'k5{
eg]sf] xf]Ú eGb} olb /fhfn] Tof] ug{ cf“6 u/]df pgnfO{ plrt ;Ddfg ug{ dfcf]jfbL
tof/ /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . cl:t cfOtaf/ pxf“s} u[xlhNnf uf]/vfsf]
x/d6f/Ll:yt v]ns'b d}bfgdf pkl:yt krf;f}+ xhf/ uf]/vfnL hgtfsf] cufl8 8f=
e§/fO{n] cfkm"x? jt{dfg /fhfnfO{ dfGg tof/ gePsf] ljrf/ JoQm ub}{
eGg'eof]– …pgL k'/fgf] ;Qfsf gfOs] x'g\ / Tof] klg aGb'ssf] e/df cfkm"nfO{
hah{:tL /fhf 3f]if0ff u/]sf x'g\ .Ú
8f= e§/fO{n] hf]8 lb+b} eGg'eof]– xfdLn]
;a} ;+;bLo kf6L{x?nfO{ e]6]/ uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng u¥of}+, Toxf“ a;]/ of] b]znfO{ s;/L
rnfpg] eGg]s'/fdf 5nkmn u/f}+ eg]/ af/Daf/ eg]sf 5f}+ .Ú t/, of] s'/fnfO{
;+;bLo kf6L{x?n] g;'g]sf] atfp“b} e§/fO{n] …olb xfdL ;a} sf+u|];, Pdfn] ldn]/
;+ljwfg ;efdf hfg] xf] eg] gAa] k|ltzt ef]6 NofP/ ljhoL x'G5f}+Ú
eGg'eof] . To;kl5 hgtfn] rfx]h:tf] cu|ufdL ;+ljwfg aGg ;S5– 8f= e§/fO{n]
hf]8 lbg'eof] . pxf“n] olb jftf{ c;kmn eof] eg] klg ca cfkm"x? h+un
gk:g] atfp“b} a? zx/df / dxndf a:g]x?nfO{ h¨n k7fpg] atfpg'eof] .
8f= e§/fO{n] clxn] zfxL ;]gfn] slyt
ljsf;sf] gfddf uf]/vfdf ^ 7fp“df Aof/]s /fv]sf] / k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] pb\ud:yn
uf]/vf 9Nof] eg] sf7df8f}+ klg 9Ng] ;f]r]/ g} uf]/vfnfO{ 3]/fdf kf/]sf]
atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] zfxL ;]gfn] clxn] ufp“–ufp“df :jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfng
u/]sf]k|lt k|Zg ub}{ eGg'eof]– …zfxL ;]gfx? /fi6«sf] /Iffsf] nflu ef/t / rLgsf]
;Ldfdf a:g] xf] ls 8fS6/ ag]/ u'Ktr/L ug{ l;6fdf]n af“8\b} lx+8\g] <Ú
To;}u/L ;f]xL ;efdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf
kf]ln6 Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf jftf{6f]nL ;b:o b]j u'?ªn] ljleGg ;efdf pkl:yt 8]9 s/f]8
g]kfnL hgtfn] jftf{df 3'“8f g6]Sg bafj lb+b} hgo'4nfO{ ;xof]u / ;dy{g ug]{
k|lta4tf JoQm u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] hf]8 lb+b} cufl8 eGg'eof]– …olb
ca jftf{ e¨ eof] eg] casf] xfd|f] n8fO“ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfblj?4 klg
x'g]5 .Ú pxf“n] bf];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{df k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ;xdlt ePsf s'/fnfO{
;d]t /ftf/ft pN6fpg k'u]sf] atfp“b} xfdLn] /fv]sf] zflGtjftf{sf] k|:tfj /
g]kfnL hgtfsf] zflGtsf] rfxgfdfly s'7f/f3ft ug]{ if8\oGq ;d]t eO/x]sf]
atfpg'eof] .
lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v cd/ td'sf] ;efkltTj /
k/z'/fd /Dt]nsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ;f] ljzfn ;efdf cg]ls;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf
s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf elQm nfld5fg], uf]/vf h]n a|]ssL ;xfos sdf08/ sdnf gxsL{
nufotn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] eg] cleofg ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n] /f]rs
;f“:s[lts sfo{qmd k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L h]7 @@ ut] l;/fxfsf] nfxfgdf g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ sf kf]ln6 Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf dfcf]jfbL jftf{6f]nLsf k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/
dx/fn] g]kfnL qmflGt of] p“rfOdf cfOk'Ug t/fOsf dw]zLx?sf] dxŒjk"0f{
e"ldsf /x]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] jftf{af6 klg Pp6f gof“ lgsf; lbg
;lsg], yf]/} kl/jt{g ug{ ;lsg], s]xL clwsf/x? k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] / b]zeQmx?sf]
Pp6f df]rf{ agfpg ;lsg] ljZjf;n] g} g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ jftf{df cfPsf]
atfpg'eof] .
;f]xL ;df/f]xdf krf;f}+ xhf/ hgtfaLr af]Nb}
csf{ jQmf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf j}slNks kf]ln6 Ao'/f] ;b:o tyf jftf{6f]nLsf ;b:o
dft[sf ofbjn] …dw]zLx? sfo/ x'G5g\, 8/kf]s x'G5g\ eGg] s'/f em"7
xf] . dw]zLx? klg n8fs" x'G5g\ / dw]zLx?n] Tof] ;a l;ls;s]sf 5g\Ú
eGg'eof] . pxf“n] hf]8 lb+b} …kxf8sf ;b/d'sfdafx]s ufp“–ufp“df k|r08sf]
;Qf 5, 1fg]Gb|sf] xf]Og eGb} Tof] ;Qfsf] cEof; ca dw]zdf klg x'g]5Ú
eGg'eof] .
dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{ / yf?jfg d'lQm
df]rf{sf] cfof]hgfdf ;DkGg ;f] ;efsf] ;efkltTj dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf
cWoIf hos[i0f uf]Otn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . >L kz'klt df=lj= dl6cjf{sf]
k|fª\u0fdf b]jgf/fo0f ofbjsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ;f] ljzfn hg;efdf hgjfbL df]rf{sf
cWoIf /fd/fhfk|;fb l;+x, cg]d;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sL lhNnf cWoIf ;/:jtL rf}w/L
nufotn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
o;}aLr kfNkfaf6 k|fKt va/cg';f/ g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o tyf jftf{6f]nL ;b:o /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -jfbn_n] zfxL
;]gf ufp“af6 Aof/]s gkms]{ hg;]gf lj|u]8;lxt zx/ k:g] r]tfjgL lbg'ePsf]
5 .
slyt :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] ;~rfngug]{ gfddf
ufp“–ufp“df k;]/ zfxL ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLsf] lgu/fgL ug]{ sfd u/]sf] atfp“b}
pxf“n] eGg'eof]– …;]gf :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] gfddf ufp“df k;]/ dfcf]jfbLsf] lgu/fgL
u/]sf] 5, xfdL klg zx/sf] kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg ug{ hg;]gfsf] la|u]8;lxt zx/df
k:g] ls gk:g] <Ú
gful/s ;dfh kfNkfåf/f tfg;]gl:yt
atf;]8f“8fdf cfof]lht ljzfn hg;efnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf jfbnn] k|ltlqmofjfbL
k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfn] k6s–k6s @@ a'“b] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] pNnª\3g u/] klg cfkm"x?
zflGtjftf{df nlrnf] eP/ a;]sf] atfpg'eof] .
Pdfn], sf+u|]; kf6L{sf clwsf+z lx:;fn]
;+ljwfg ;ef :jLsf/ ul/;s]sf] atfp“b} pxf“n] /fhfn] clxn];Dd l:ylt :ki6 ug{
g;s]sf] wf/0ff JoQm ug'{eof] . jftf{sf] dfWodaf6 ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ cfPsf
dfcf]jfbL jftf{sf] 6]a'naf6 gefUg] hgfp“n] pxf“n] t/ k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] jftf{af6
efUg cg]sf}+ if8\oGq u/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] cufl8 eGg'eof]– …jftf{df
af]nfP/ efUg vf]Hg]x?nfO{ 3]/f xfn]/ efUg lbg'x'“b}g .Ú
;f] hg;efdf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
;Ltf kf}8]n, jfkGyL g]tf dgjL/ uj'{hf, gful/s ;dfh ?kGb]xLsf s0f{axfb'/ sfsL{,
kqsf/ dxf;+3 kfNkfsf emk]Gb| u}/], du/f“t d'lQm df]rf{sf j;Gt 3tL{ du/,
kbdk|;fb kfem} nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .. gful/s ;dfh kfNkfsf ;+of]hs
k[yaxfb'/ ;f]d}sf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf >Lgu/ ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf
snfsf/x?n] ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmdx? k|:t't u/]sf lyP . o;cl3 tfg;]gsf]
6'“l8v]naf6 ;'? ePsf] ljzfn ¥ofnL atf;]8f“8fdf k'uL hg;efdf kl/0ft ePsf]
lyof] .
o;}aLr g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o
tyf dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o b]j u'?ªn] cfkm\gf] kf6L{ cu|ufdL lgsf;sf]
kIfaf6 Ps O~r tn gcf]n{g] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7g tyf
df]rf{x?sf] cfof]hgfdf vf]6fªsf] P]+;]n'vs{df h]7 !& ut] cfof]lht ;efsf
k|d'v jQmf g]tf u'?ªn] ;f] s'/f atfpg'ePsf] xf] .
…hgtfnfO{ clwsf/ ;DkGg agfpgsf] nflu
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ h'g;'s} d"No r'sfpg klg tof/ 5 . xfdL k'/fgf] ;Qf;“u
xf/]/ jftf{df cfPsf xf]Ogf}+– o'4df Pskl5 csf]{ ;kmntf k|fKt u/]kl5 g} jftf{df
cfPsf xf}+Ú, g]tf u'?ªn] eGg'eof]– …k'/fgf] ;Qf;“u s'g} klg xfntdf cfTd;dk{0f
ub}{gf}+, hgtfsf ;]gf / xltof/ klg a'emfp“b}gf}+ .Ú
tL; xhf/eGbf a9L hgtfsf] ;xeflutf /x]sf]
;efdf pxf“n] hghfltx?nfO{ cfkm\gf] e"ldsf] cfkm} dflns aGg cfx\jfg ub}{
k'/fgf] ;Qfn] hghfltx?nfO{ cfkm\g} b]zleq cfGtl/s z/0ffyL{sf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofPsf]
tYo k|:t't ug'{eof] .
;f]n' hg;/sf/ k|d'v ofbj /fO{sf] ;efkltTjdf
;DkGg ;efdf zxLb kl/jf/ / a]kQf kfl/Psfx?sf cfkmGthgnfO{ clegGbg ul/Psf]
lyof] . ;efdf dlxnf g]t[ ;ldtf sfsL{, z]kf{ d'lQm df]rf{sf g]tf kf;fª
z]kf{, ls/fdf]sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o kbd /fO{n] klg hgo'4df hgtfn] u/]sf] Tofu /
alnbfgsf] rrf{ ug'{ePsf] lyof] . ;efdf /fOx?n] ls/f“tL emf“sL;lxtsf] uLt,
z]kf{ gfr / ;u/dfyf ;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] qmflGtsf/L uLt k|:t't u/]sf]
lyof] .
;ef ;'? x'g'cl3 ljzfn h'n'zn] ;+ljwfg
;efsf] kIfdf gf/f nufPsf] lyof] . h'n'zdf /fO{, z]kf{x?sf] ;a}eGbf a9L
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ /fd]5fksf]
cfof]hgfdf /fd]5fksf] bf]/Djfdf cfof]lht hg;efdf af]Nb} k|d'v cltly Pjd\
dfcf]jfbL jftf{6f]nLsf ;b:o s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] hgtfnfO{ clwsf/;DkGg agfpg
sf7df8f}+sf ;8s jf v'Nnf d~rdf alnbfg lbg tof/ /x]sf] t/ To;sf] nflu hgtfsf]
Jofks bafj cfjZos ePsf] :ki6 kfb}{ cfkm\gf] kIfaf6 jftf{ eª\u gul/g]
atfpg'eof] . jftf{ ljyf]Ng …zfxL–cd]l/sL ;]gfÚ / ljb]zL zlQmx? nfluk/]sf]
pNn]v ub}}{ pxf“n] jt{dfg ;Qf kl/jt{g klg ljb]zL rf;f]d} ePsf] :ki6
kfg'{eof] . pxf“n] ;]gfn] cfkm\gf kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / hgtfsf] xTof ul//xG5
eg] hgtfn] cf–cfkm\g} 7fp“af6 k|lt/f]w ug'{kg]{ atfp“b} cfkm"x? clGtd
;do;Dd jftf{sf] 6]a'nd} lgsfz lgsfNg al;/xg] atfpg'eof] .
;efdf af]Nb} dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf csf{
;b:o dft[sf ofbjn] …/fhfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ l;Wofpg] c;nL rDrf vf]Hg k|wfgdGqLsf]
6]08/ cfx\jfg ubf{ xfdkmfNb} 6]08/ xfNg] ;+;bjfbLx? s';L{sf] df]xdf cfGbf]ng
ul//x]sf 5g\Ú eGg'eof] .. ;efdf g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
afa'/fd uhd]/, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o o'j/fh rf}nfufO{+,
sDkgL sld;f/ s= clgn, k|ultzLn ;flxTosf/ vu]Gb| ;ª\u|f}nf cflbn] ;Daf]wg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
qmflGtsf/L
dlxnfsf] ;Dd]ng cfufdL c;f/df
sf7df8f}+÷ …;fdGtL /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfb /
;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 ;zQm cfGbf]ng, cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf; / dlxnf d'lQmsf] kIfdf
rf}yf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngÚ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ sf] rf}yf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng cfufdL c;f/ !% / !^ ut] x'g] ePsf]
5 .
pQm ;Dd]ngnfO{ eJotfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{
hok'/L 3tL{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf $! ;b:oLo rf}yf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt
lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} ;Dd]ng ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ rf/j6f ;ldltx?
u7g ul/Psf 5g\ . ljwfg k|ltj]bg d:of}bf ;ldltdf hok'/L 3tL{, ozf]bf ;'j]bL
/ k"0ff{ ;'j]bL x'g'x'G5 . To:t} k|rf/–k|;f/ ;ldltdf sNkgf wdnf,
zf]ef s§]n, dg' x'dfufO{+, sdnf /f]sf / nIdL d'8e/L x'g'x'G5 eg]
Joj:yfkg;ldltdf ;'zLnf l;+v8f, ozf]bf ;'j]bL, zf/bf >]i7, zf]ef s§]n /
hfg'sf kf}8]n x'g'x'G5 .
o;}u/L cfly{s ;ldltdf u+uf clwsf/L,
uf]/Lsnf lj=s=, tf/f 3tL{ / h'gs'df/L a'9f du/ x'g'x'G5 .
…etfe'ª\u
b]zsf] nyflnª\u rfnfÚ eGg] pvfg cfhef]ln Hfn pTkGg k|sf]k ljefudf nfu"
eO/x]sf] 5 .. Psflt/ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u ljut afx« aif{sf]
cjlwdf k|hftGqsf] 7]s]bf/ eg]/ bfaL u/]/ gyfSg] e|i6x?sf] cj}w ;DklQsf] >f]t
5fglag ug]{ / clVtof/ b'?kof]u ePsf ph'/Lpk/ d'2f rnfpg] gf6s b]vfO/x]sf] 5 eg]
csf]{lt/ :jR5 5ljsf] ;/sf/df e|i6frf/Lx?sf] 5f8ftGq lgaf{w rln/x]sf] 5 . hn>f]t
dGqfnocGtu{t Ps jif{ cl3dfq :yfkgf ePsf] Hfn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f ljefudf
sfo{/t l;lgo/ l8ljhgn OlGhlgo/ ab|Luf]laGb /fhsl0f{sf/af6 ;/sf/L of]hgfdf JofKt
sldzgtGqdf klg k|fljlwsx?sf] aLrdf wf]sfafhL ug]{ Pp6f gofF clVtof/ b'?kof]u
sf08 yfxf ePsf] 5 .
rfn' cfly{s aif{ )%(.)^) df ;f] laefunfO{ laleGg sfo{s|dx?df
vr{ ug{ hDdf ? cf7 s/f]8 pgfgkrf; nfv kf+r xhf/ ljlgof]hg ePsf] 5 . l:js[t
sfo{s||d dWo l; g+ $ v df pNn]lvt e" Ifo lgoGq0f tyf gbL lgoGq0f sfo{
cGtu{t lu?jf/L vf]nf gjnk/f;Ldf ;faf] tyf gbL lgoGq0f gd"gf lgdf{0f
sfo{sf] nfludfq ? rf/ s/f]8 5'6\ofOPsf] 5. pQm sfo{s|ddf ;faf] gd"gf
lgdf{0fsf] sfo{sf] nflu ? Ps s/f]8 ;f7Lnfv /
gbL lgoGq0f gd"gf lgdf{0fsf] nflu ? b'O s/f]8 rfnL; nfv u/L 5'6\ofOPsf]
5 . ;faf] gd"gf lgdf{0fsf] sfo{sf] k|d''vdf l;lgo/
lhof]xfO8|\f]nlhi6/d]zdfg t'nfw/ x''g'' x''G5 eg] gbL lgoGq0f gd"gf
lgdf{0f k|d''vdf l;lgo/ l8ljhgn OlGhlgo/ ab|L uf]laGb /fhsl0f{sf/ x''g''
x''G5 .
xfn}dfq yfxf ePsf] tYo ;'rgf cg';f/ ab|L uf]laGb
/fhsl0f{sf/n] cfkm\gf] sfo{s|dsf] ah]6 ;a} vr{ u/L;s]/ /d]zdfg t'nfw/sf]
sfo{s|dsf] nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6 klg ;DalGwt k|d'vnfO{ yfxf glbO cfkmgf]
sfo{s|ddf vr{ u/]/ e|i6frf/ u/]sf] 5 .. k|rlnt cfly{s lgoddf Pp6f
sfo{s|ddf 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6 csf]{
sfo{s|ddf nufpg plrt sf/0f b]vfO dflyNNff] txaf6 /sdfGt/ ug]{ cg'dlt lng'kg]{
Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . t/ ab|L uf]laGb /fhsl0f{sf/n] cfly{s jif{ )%(.)^) sf]
kmfu'0f dlxgfdf g} /d]zdfg t'nfw/sf] sfo{s|d ;dodf ;DkGg gx'g] b]lvPsf]n] ah]6
NofK; gxf]; eg]/ axfgf agfO{ n]vf clws[t s]za afa' cof{n ;d]tnfO{ ldnfO{ cfkm\gf]]]]] sfo{s|ddf a9L vr{ u/]/
Ps}k6sdf s/La rf/ s/f]8 ?lkofFsf] lan 7]s]bf/nfO{ e'QfgL lbP/ 7'nf] /sd sldzg
k|fKt u/]sf] a'lemg cfPsf] 5 . csf]{lt/ pQm if8oGq af/] s]xL yfxf gkfO
/d]zdfg t'nfw/n] cfly{s jif{ )%(.)^) sf] sfo{s|d @)^) cfiff9 d;fGtdf ;DkGg ug{]
nIo ePsf] x''gfn] cfkm\gf] sfo{s||daf6 @)^) a}zfvdf ? c;L nfv a/fa/sf] /sd
e''QfgL ug{ aLn n]vf zfvfdf k]z u/]k5L dfq n]vf clws[t s]za afa' cof{nn] pQm
sfo{s|ddf 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6 klxNo] vr{ eO;s]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] yfxf ePsf]
5 .
;/sf/L sfof{noaf6
x'''g] cfly{s sf/f]af/df cfly{s lgod kfngf u/fO{ lglZrt sfo{s|ddf Joj:yf ePsf]
ah]6 ;DalGwt sfddf g} vr{ ug]{ / sfof{nosf] ;Dk'''0f{ ah]6 vr{df lgoldt ?kdf
cfly{s cg'zf;g leq /fv]/ Joj:yf ug]{ st{Jo n]vfzfvfdf sfo{/t ;a} sd{rf/Lsf]
x'''G5 . t/ o; k|s/0fdf n]vf clws[t s]za afa' cof{nn] cfkm\gf] st{Josf]
kfngf gu/L cfly{s cg'zf;g pNn+3g u/]/ ab|L uf]laGb /fhsl0f{sf/ ;+u ldn]dtf] u/L
df]6f] sldzgsf] nflu if8oGqdf hfgfhfg ;fd]n ePsf] b]lvG5 b''j} sfo{s|ddf
7]s]bf/ Pp6} ePsf]n] cfkm\gf] sfo{s|d tkm{af6 a9L sfd u/fO{ aLn e''QfgL ug{
ldNg] eGg] sfOt] ts{ ab|L uf]laGb /fhsl0f{sf/n] lbPsf] kfOG5 . o; if8oGqsf] af/]df bf]ifLnfO{ sfjf{xL
ug'''{ kg]{df pQm laefusf] sfd'' dxflgb]{zs gf/fo0f k|;fb uf}td cfkm} klg
sld;gdf c+lzof/ ePsfn] /d]zdfg t'nfw/sf] sfo{s|ddf ;+DkGg ePsf] sfdsf] aLnsf]
e''QmfgL cfufdL cfly{s jif{df ldnfpg] axfgf agfP/ cndNofO/x]sf] 5 . ab|L
uf]laGb /fhsl0f{sf/nfO{ pQm laefusf] k|jQmf ;d]t tf]lsPsf] 5 ..
Hfn pTkGg k|sf]k lgoGq0f laefudf gjnk/f;L lhNNff l:yt lu?af/L
vf]nfsf] lgoGq0fsf] gfddf tLg jlif{o of]hgf ut cfly{s jif{ b]lv ;+rfngdf /x]sf]
b]lvG5 . pQm of]hgfsf] nflu afx| s/f]8 ?lkof+ vr{ ug]{ ;Demf}tf hfkfg /
g]kfn ;/sf/ lar ePsf] 5 .. cfufdL cfly{s jif{ ;DkGg ug]{ nIo ePsf] lu?af/L
vf]nfsf] ;faf] sfo{s|dsf] Kofs]h eg] o;} ;fn k''/f ug]{ nIo /x]sf] 5 . o;
of]hgfdf vr{ ug{ cem 5 s/f]8 ?lkofF afsL /x]sf] b]lvG5 . o; laefudf
k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx?sf] nflu sldzgsf] b[i6Ln] ;a} eGbf cfsif{s /x]sf] Pp6f dfq
s]Gb :t/sf] pQm of]hgfdf ab|L uf]laGb
/fhsl0f{sf/sf] / p;sf lj:jf;kfq tLg hgfsf] dfq k]jf agfO/x]sf] / c? Ps bh{g k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ kIfkft u/L/x]sf]
sf/0fn] lta| c;Gtf]if JofKt ePsf] 5 .
e|i6 k|x/Lx?nfO{ sf/afxLsf] dfu
lghx?n] g]kfnu+hdf n'sfPsf] ;DklQsf]
hfgsf/L
g]kfnu~h÷k|x/L
dxflgl/Ifs kbdf sfo{/t /x+bf e'=k'= dxflgl/Ifs df]ltnfn af]x/f, cRo't s[i0f v/]n,
k|lbk zD;]/ h=a=/f= afFs]df sfo{/t P;=kL= xfn afxnjfnf x]d/fh axfb'/ dNn,
g]kfnu+hdf sfo{/t /x+bf e'=k'= O{G;k]S6/ lji0f' clwsf/L, xfn bfËdf sfo{/t ;=O{=
k|]d s]=;L= g]kfnu+h hd'gfxdf ;'/Iff k|x/L rf}sLdf sfo{/t ;= O{= kmg axfb'/
u'?Ë, afFs], sf]xnk'/ 6«flkms k|x/Ldf sfo{/t ;=O{= df]xg u}/], k|foM
3"d'jf k|x/Ldf sfo{/t /lx cfPsf ;= O{= ljho k|tfk zfx, xfn l8=cfO{=hL=
sfof{no g]kfnu+hdf sfo{/t k|x/L O{G;k]S6/ v8\s axfb'/ ;nfdL gf]s/L cjlw
3'd'jfdf ljtfO{ cfPsf ;=O{= xl/ axfb'/ s]=;L= g]kfnu+h tflnd s]Gb|df sfo{/t
/xb} cfPsf ;+ O{= vDj h+u zfx, g]kfnh+h /f+emf ljdfg ;yndf sfo{/t /xb} cfPsf
;=O{= rGb| axfb'/ yfkf, afFs]sf] n]vfkfndf /lx sfo{/t /x+b} cfPsf c=;=O{= s[i0f
a= yfkf gfd u/]sf k|x/Lx?n] cfˆgf] sfo{sfndf tNnf] tyf dflyNnf] txsf k|x/Lx?sf]
Ps cfk;sf] ldnf]dtf]df kbsf] b'?kof]u u/L cg]sf} gfhfoh s'–sfo{x? u/L e|i6frf/
u/L sdfPsf] ;DklQ g]kfnu+hsf ljleGg efux?df 3/ 38]/L hf]8L n'sfO{ cfPsf] x'gfn]
tt ;DalGw clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]u sf7df8f}+df sf/afxL ;hfosf] dfu
;lxtph'/ u/L lghx?n] g]kfnu+hsf ljleGg efux?df n'sfO{ /flv cfPsf] ;DklQsf]
ljj/0f hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ .
n'sfO{ /fvL cfPsf] ;DklQsf] ljj/0fdf e'=k'=k|=
dxflgl/Ifsx?sf] sf7df08f}, g]kfnu+h tyf cGo zx/x?df ;d]t s/f]8 eGbf dfyL /x]sf]
/ P;=kL= x]d/fhsf] g]kfnu+h wDaf]emLdf ! s/f]8 %) nfv sf] 3/ 38]/L /x]sf],
O{G;k]S6/ lji0f' clwsf/Lsf] sf/sfFbf]df $% nfvsf] 3/ 38]/L /x]sf], ;=O{=k|]d
s]=;L=sf] g]kfnu+h a; kfs{ b]vL !%) ld6/ blIf0fdf 3/ 38]/L ^) nfvsf] /x]sf,
;=O{= kmg axfb'/ u'?Ësf] &% nfv laleGg a}+sx?df gub tyf ;'g rfFbL
/x]sf] . ;+ O{= df]xg u}/]n]
g]kfnu+h k|x/L tflnd s]Gb|sf] l7s blIf0f tkm{ kg]{ leqL /f]8df &% nfv
a/fa/sf] 3/ 38]/L agfPsf], e'=k'= ;= O{= lht axfb'/ dNnn] afFs] kmQ]k'/
uf=lj=;=df @) la3fxf hldg vl/b u/L 3/ agfO{ gub %) nfv tyf ;'g rfFbL a}+sdf
/fv]sf] . ;= O{= ljho k|tfk zfxn] gu/ k|x/L glhs #% nfvsf] 3/ 38]/L /
sf7df08f}df ;d]t 3/ 38]/L agfPsf], O{G;k]S6/ v8\s axfb'/ ;nfdLn] k|x/L tflnd
s]Gb| blIf0f tkm{ &) nfv kg]{ 3/ 38]/L agfPsf] e'=k'= ;= O{= x/L axfb'/
s]=;L=n] g]kfnu+h /fdgu/df #% nfvsf] 3/ 38]/L agfpg' sf] ;fy} t:s/ / bnfnx? ;+u
xfn ;Dd klg dlxgfjf/L /sd c;'n ub}{ cfPsf] . ;=O{= vDa h+u zfxn]
l8=cfO{=hL= sfof{no b]vL pQ/ glhs #% nfv d'No kg]{ 3/, hUuf ;lxt gub !% nfv /
;'g rfFbL kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?sf gfddf /fv]sf] . ;=O{= rGb| a=yfkf n] &%
nfvsf] 3/ 38]/L / ljdfg :yndf aNofsdf l6s6 ljlqm ub}{ cfPsf], ;=O{= O{Gb| a=
;fpbn] k':knfn rf]s b]vL k'j{ a;kfs{sf] 5]pdf ^) nfvsf] 3/ 38]/L / cGgk'0f{
xf]6n ;d]t vf]nL cfPsf] . c=;=O{= s[i0f a= yfkfn] sf/sf+bf]df $% nfv
a/fa/sf] 3/ agfO{ cfPsf] .
pk/f]Qm e|i6frf/ u/L cfPsf k|x/Lx?sf lj?4 g]kfnu+hdf sfo{/t
lgDg alu{o tyf lgd'vf, lgDg :tl/o k|x/Lx?n] af]wfy{, u[x dGqfno, k|x/L k|wfg
sfof{no, ljz]if k|x/L ljefu, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sf7df08f}, eQmk'/, nlntk'/,
If]qLo k|sfzsLo clws[tsf] sfof{no g]kfnu+h, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, g]kfnu+h If]lqo
k|x/L sfof{no, g]kfnu+h, afFs] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no / alb{of lhNnf k|zf;g
sfof{nodf ;d]t af]wfy{ lbPsf] hfgsf/L u/fPsf 5g\ .
afFs]–alb{ofdf hg;'b[9Ls/0f
cleofg ;DkGg
g]=s=kf= dfcf]jfbL lhNnf ;+u7g sld6L afFs] + alb{ofaf6 hg
;DaGw ;'b[9 cleofg, afFs] / alb{of df a}zfv b]vL h]i7 sf] clGtd xKtf ;Dddf
;kmntfsf] ;fy ;DkGg ePsf] s'/f lhNnf ;+u7g afFs] + alb{of af6 hfgsf/L ePsf]
5 .
pSt cleofgdf ljsf; lgdf{0f, zlxb kl/jf/df ;d]t e]63f6 3/
b}nf] ;a} txsf ;+u7g lgdf{0f cleofgsf ;fy ul/g'sf] e]/L s0ff{nL sf] ;+ud
;f+:s[lts / laxfgL ;f+:s[lts kl/jf/ 4f/f ;f+:s[tLs sfo{qmdx? hgtfsf] pT;fxab{s
Jofks pkl:ytdf ul/Psf] lyof] .. pk/f]St cg';f/sf] lgdf{0f tyf ;+u7g, 3/
b}nf] / ;f+:s[tLs sfo{qmdf cj/f]w k'/ofpg] pb]Zon] k'/fgf] kIfn] z}Go k|b{zg
u/] tfklg ;f]sf afah'b hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf sld gcfO{ cleofg ;kmntfsf ;fy ;DkGg
ePsf] lyof] .
;Dd]ngsf] ldlt ;¥of]
cg]/f:jljo'
-qmflGtsf/L_ afFs] + alb{ofsf] !# cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ng ljljw sf/0f af6 klxnf
k|zfl/t ldlt af6 ;g{ uO{, cfiff9, #,$ / % ut] g]kfnu+h d=a= SofDk;df x'g] ePsf]
hfgsf/L ;f] ;+u7gn] u/fPsf] 5
klZrd g]kfnsf gd"gf hglzIffno / hgjfbL lzIffsf]
cEof;
–
bLk]Gb| /f]sfof
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] ljb|f]x u/]kl5 u|fdL0f
efudf :yflkt x'g k'u]sf klZrd g]kfnsf hg;/sf/x?n] …nfnÚ / …bIfÚ hgzlQm pTkfbg
ug{ hgjfbL ;“:s[lt / lzIff lbO/x]sf 5g\ . hgjfbL ;“:s[lt / lzIffsf] cEof;
s]Gb| gd"gf hglzIffnox?df lglZrt >ddf cfwfl/t kf7\oqmd / ;+zf]lwt
kf7\oqmdåf/f k9fO eO/x]sf] 5 . /, ;'lg+b}5– …lzz' sIffb]lv dfWolds
tx;Ddsf] gof“ kf7\oqmd 5gf}6 klg eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú cfd hg;d'bfodf b]zk|]d,
hgtfk|lt cfb/, lj1fgdf cf:yf, >dk|lt >4f / ;fd"lxs ;DklQk|lt
rf;f]sf] efj k}bf ug]{ hgjfbL lzIffsf] cEof; eO/x]sf] klZrd g]kfnn] ;a}sf] Wofg
lvr]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf
klxnf] gd"gf hglzIffnosf] :yfkgfM
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] ?s'd vn+ufdf
@)#)÷)#% b]lv k|fylds :s"nsf] dfu ub}{ cfPsf] / b'nL 5x/fsf hgtfn] cfh;Dd
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf]tkm{af6 Pp6f k|fylds ljBfno;Dd gkfPsf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf
atfp“5g\ . …k|fs[lts ?kn] ljs6 of] 7fp“df 1fgsf lx;fan] klg k'/fgf] ;/sf/
lgs6 g} /fVg rfx“bf]/x]5 .Ú of] k'/fgf] ;/sf/sf] lgolt 7DofPsf :yfgLojf;L
ljif{axfb'/ s];Lsf] a'emfO xf] .
k'/fgf] ;Qfåf/f pk]Iffsf] b[li6n]
x]l//x]sf] a]nf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_åf/f ?s'ddf g]kfnsf] klxnf] lhNnf hg;/sf/
3f]if0ff eof] . lhNnf hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ffsf] nuQ} :yfgLojf;Ln] lvdaxfb'/
s];Lsf] g]t[Tjdf lhNnf hg;/sf/nfO{ k|fylds ljBfnosf] dfu u/] .. ;f]xL
dfuadf]lhd gd"gf hglzIffnosf] /]s8{ cg';f/ )%^ ebf}af6 ejg lgdf{0fsf] nflu
@% xhf/ ah]6;lxtsf] lgb]{zg kfOPsf] lyof] . pQm lzIffno )%& r}taf6
;~rfngdf cfPsf] s'/f :s"n Joj:yfkg ;ldlt cWoIf lvdaxfb'/ s];Ln]
atfpg'eof] .
…hgtfk|lt cfb/, lj1fgdf cf:yf, >dk|lt
>4f / ;fd"lxs ;DklQk|lt rf;f]sf] efj dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] lbPs} sf/0f
g]kfnsf] klxnf] gd"gf hglzIffno :yfkgf ug{ kfPsf 5f}+ .Ú cWoIf s];Ln]
atfpg'eof] . cWoIf s];Lsf] yk syg 5– …g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ kf6L{ hxf“ ljs6,
pk]lIft, zf]lift–kLl8t 5g\, ToxL+ gd"gf agfpg] lx;fan] ldx]gt u5{ .Ú
clxn] ?s'dsf] b'nL– @ 5x/f ufp“ / b'nL– (
xf“;' ufp“df v'n]sf] gd"gf hglzIffnodf klxnf] k':tfn] k9\g kfO/x]sf]
5 . To;f] t To; cEofl;s cg'ejn] ubf{ cfly{s jif{df ?s'd lhNnf hg;/sf/n] %
j6f gd"gf lzIffno vf]Ng] ah]6;lxtsf] of]hgf th'{df u/]sf] s'/f lhNnf
hg;/sf/ k|d'v z?0f af“7f du/ atfpg'x'G5 .
o;}u/L ljz]if lhNnfsf] yjfª hgd'lQm
;]gfx?n] jf;' :d[lt gd"gf :s"n agfpg nflu/x]sf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLåf/f agfOPsf] gof“ ;+/rgfcg';f/ ljz]if lhNnfsf !$ j6} ufh;sf ufh;:t/Lo
cyf{t\ lgdflj :t/sf] gd"gf :s"n lgdf{0f ug{ / k7gkf7g ug{ nflu/x]sf]
s'/f lzIff ljefusf s= cfwf/ atfpg'x'G5 . To;f] t s= cfwf/sf] cg';f/ k|To]s
ufp“df !÷! k|fylds gd"gf hglzIffno agfpg] of]hgf ut jif{b]lv g}
sfof{Gjogdf 5 . o:t} /f]Nkf, ;Nofg, hfh/sf]6, sflnsf]6, h'Dnf–x'Dnfdf klg
gd"gf hglzIffnosf] Jofks ljsf; / lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .
klZrd
g]kfnsf hgtf g} hgjfbL lzIffsf k|lzIfsM
kf7sj[Gb † s]xL jif{ cl3;Dd hgjfbL lzIff s]
xf] / lsg dfu eO/x]sf] xf]nf < egL sNkgf;Dd ug{ g;Sg] klZrd g]kfnsf u|fdL0f
e]usf hgtf oltv]/ zxl/of hg;d'bfosf] dfq geO{ hglzIffnox?sf ;d]t k|lzIfs ag]sf
5g\ .
clvn g]kfn hg;f“:s[lts ;+3 ?s'dsf lhNnf
O~rfh{ s= n]sfnL v8\sf hgtfsf] ;“:s[lt / hgtfs} b'Mv–;'vsf] lzIff hglzIffnox?df
bIf hgtfn] g} k9fO/x]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . …hglzIff hg>ddf cfwfl/t lzIff
xf], h;sf] u'? hgtf g} x'g'k5{ .. ToxL dfGotfsf ;fy hgtf g} hglzIffnosf
u'? ag]sf 5g\ .Ú pxf“sf] yk k'li6 lyof] .
k|s[lt lj1fg, ;dfh lj1fg / ljb]zL
efiffafx]ssf u'? bIf hgtf g} x'g] s'/fsf] k'li6 ub}{ s[lif ljz]if1n] s=
k|efs/0f eGg'x'G5– …xfdL s[lifk|wfg b]zsf hgtfsf 5f]/f5f]/L k9]/ rf}tkmL{ sfddf
nfUg] agfpg s[lif, :jf:Yo, v]ns'b, pBf]u, Joj;fosf af/]df bIf hgtfåf/f k|lzIf0f
lbnfPsf 5f}+ . To;}n] bIf hgtfåf/f hglzIffnox?df k9fO eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú
…Ifdtf / bIftfnfO{ zLk;“u bf“Hg x'G5,
cfjZostfn] k"lt{ u5{ t/ sfuhL ;l6{lkms]6;“u bf“Hg x'“b}gÚ eGg] 3f]lift
dfGotfcg';f/ ul7t hg;/sf/sf] 3f]lift gLlt tyf sfo{qmdn] a'h'{jf dfgl;stfdfly
ultnf] emfk8 lbPsf] 5 .
bIf hgtfsf] tkm{af6 yjfªsf ho;'/ a'9f sl/a
$) e]8f–afv|fsf Ujfnf lzIfs 5g\ . …e]8fafv|f / kfngÚ ;DaGwL zLif{sdf
Jofjxfl/s sIff cfkm"n] hglzIffno / >d lzlj/df k7fOPsfx?nfO{ k7fpg]
u/]sf] s'/f Ujfnf ho;'/ a'9f atfpg'x'G5 .. a'9f cfkm"nfO{ ;dfhn]
nf6f] eg]/ x]nf“ u5{g\ ls egL ;f]r]sf] a]nf …e]8f–afv|f ljz]if1Ú / …lzIfsÚ egL
;Ddfg kfpg] jftfj/0f dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] ldnfPsf]df wGo ;DemG5g\ / eG5g\– …o:t}
;a} k]zfsf dfG5] jf:tljs cy{df lzIfs x'g]/x]5g\ . ;Ddfg kfOg]/x]5 .Ú
gd"gf
hglzIffnosf] kf7\oqmd – >dsf] kf7\oqmdM
…g]kfnL hgtfsf 5f]/f5f]/L ef]ln cfkm\gf]
eljio agfpg] cfTdlge{/ af6f] b]vfpg] lzIffsf] kf7\oqmd >dsf] kf7\oqmd
xf] .Ú lzlIfsf k|fGtf s]=;L=;“u kf7\oqmdaf/] ;f]Wbf atfpg'eof] .
pxf“n] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] a]/f]huf/ pTkfbg ug]{ lzIffn] Jofjxfl/s / k|fljlws ?kdf
cGwf] agfO/x]sf] rrf{ ub}{ eGg'eof]– …s;}n] lj1fgsf] cfljisf/åf/f 6]ls;s]sf] rGb|dfnfO{
eujfg ;Demg] agfPsf] 5, of] a'h{jf cGwf]kg xf] .Ú
clxn] s]xL gof“ dfS;{jfbL kf7\oqmd / s]xL
k'/fgf] ;+zf]lwt kf7\oqmdnfO{ k9fO/x]sf] atfpg'x'G5 lzlIfsf k|fGtf
s]=;L= . pxf“sf] ljZjf;;lxtsf] cg'dfg 5– …lzz' sIffb]lv xfO:s"n;Ddsf]
dft[efiff, Jofj;flos ljifox?sf] kf7\oqmd 5gf}6 eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú
hgjfbL lzIffsf] gf/f lbO{ cfGbf]ngdf
lx+8]kl5sf] cg'ej ;'gfp“b} clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrjfno ;b:o Pjd\ zxLb
hgd a/fn -s= ;+u|fd_ n] Psk6s eGg'ePsf] lyof]– …k'/fgf] cj}1flgs / :t'ltjfbL
lzIffsf] alxisf/ ub}{ k'“hLjfbL lzIffsf] e08fkmf]/ ug{ ;'?–;'?df ;d;fdlos 3'DtL
:s"n ;~rfng u¥of}+ . /, xfd|f] kf7\oqmd dfgj ljsf;sf] Oltxf;,
zf;sx?åf/f pTkL8gsf] if8\oGq;DaGwL k|Zg p7fp“b} Jofjxfl/s ?kdf x'GYof] eg] ca
;}4flGts/0f ub}{ hg;Qfsf] cEof;df 5f}+ .Ú
zxLb s= hgd a/fnsf] h:t} cEof;df /x]sf
klZrd g]kfnsf af“r]sf ;r]t hgtf, ljBfyL{ / lzIfsx? hg;/sf/sf] ;Nnfxdf If]q,
pd]/, sIffnfO{ Wofg lbO{ kf7\oqmd lgwf{/0f ul//x]sf] s'/f e]/L–s0ff{nL d'lQm
df]rf{sf ;+of]hs v8\saxfb'/ lj=s= atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“sf] egfO 5– …xfdL If]q,
pd]/, sIffsf] cfwf/df >d / zLkdf hgz}nL ckgfO{ Jofjxfl/s ?k -kf7\oqmd_
lbG5f}+ .Ú
:d/0f/xf];\, x'Dnfsf lzIfs, ljBfyL{ /
hgtfsf] Ps e]nfn] P]lR5s ljifosf] ?kdf …x'DnL efiffÚnfO{ kf7\oqmd agfO{ k9fpg]
ePsf 5g\ . h;sf] kxn clvn g]kfn lzIfs ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_n] ub}{5 ..
To;f] t x'Dnf l;+hfsf hgtfn] efiff / k'/fgf] /fhwfgL pTvgg\sf] nflu lhNnf
hg;/sf/nfO{ 3r\3RofO/x]sf 5g\ .
gd"gf
hglzIffnosf] Joj:yf / lgod M
…gd"gf hglzIffnosf lzIfs–lzlIfsf
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] em}+ tnjL dfgl;stfsf 5}gg\ . oL ;a} :jod\;]js lzIfs–lzlIfsf
x'g\Ú eGg'x'G5 If]qLo Ao'/f] ;b:o s= /lZd . kf6L{sf] sfo{stf{s} hLjgz}nL
/x]sf lzIfs–lzlIfsfn] ;[hgzLn eP/ 7fp“cg';f/sf] cfkm\g} Joj:yf / lgod agfPsf]
b]lvG5 .
k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] em}+ jflif{s ljbfsf] ?l6g
geP klg jif{uf“7sf] pknIodf !% lbg, hf8f] ljbf !% lbg, udL{ ljbf !% lbg, k/LIff
;~rfng cl3 cWoog ljbf !% lbg lbg] rng a;]sf] 5 . o;}u/L cfGbf]ngdf ljz]if
?kn] ;Demg} kg]{ lbgx? dfcf] holGt, n]lgg holGt, zxLb lbj;, >lds lbj;,
k|lt/f]w ;f“:s[lts lbj;, * dfr{ h:tf dxŒjk"0f{ lbgx?df ljbf:j?k sfo{qmd
;~rfng x'g] ub{5 . o:t} lzIfs–lzlIfsfsf] nflu jflif{s @) lbg 3/ ljbf lbg]
Joj:yf ?s'd 5x/fsf] Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] u/]sf] 5 .
;a}eGbf ;fj{hlgs ljbfsf] lbgsf] af/]df rrf{
x'g yfn]sf] s'/f cfwf/OnfsLo hg;Qfe/ 5 . k|foM ;a}lt/af6 d+unaf/nfO{
;fj{hlgs ljbf lbg] rng a;fNg yfn]sf] s'/f cfwf/ Onfsfsf hgtf atfp“5g\ .
pgLx?sf] k'li6;lxtsf] ts{ 5– …xfdLn] kmfu'g ! nfO{ jif{uf“7 dgfP em}+ kmfu'g !
ut] d+unaf/nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ljbf lbg] rng a;fNg'k5{ .Ú
…>d / l;4fGtÚ sf] kf7\oqmddf sfof{no
;~rfngsf nflu k|=c= / lj1fg tyf ljb]zL Pjd\ :jb]zL efiff afx]ssf ljifo lzIfsx?
-Joj;flos bIf hgtf_n] ;do ldnfP/ k7fpg] ub{5g\ . ljBfnosf] ;[hgzLn
jftfj/0f tof/ ug]{ lzIfs–ljBfyL{ / cleefjssf] lgoldt 5nkmn, cGtlqm{of
x'g]u5{ .
hgjfbL
lzIffsf] dfu / cEof; M
…la|l6z / ef/tLo n]vsx?åf/f lgwf{/0f u/]sf]
kf7\oqmd k9]sf 7"nf] o'jf hdft a]/f]huf/ pTkfbg sIfaf6 lg:s] em}+ a]sfd]
ePsf] 5 . lj=;+= @))^ ;fndf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ :yfkgfb]lv hgjfbL lzIffsf]
cd"t{ gf/fnfO{ klZrd g]kfnsf …dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kyÚ sf] j}rfl/s w/ftnn]
hglzIffno lgdf{0f u/fPsf] 5 eGg'x'G5 If]qLo Ao"/f] ;b:o s= s'zn .
…lgs} nfdf] ;dob]lv hgjfbL lzIffsf] dfu
ub}{ ;+3if{/t ljBfyL{x?n] klZrd g]kfn x]/]/ cfzf / ljZj; ug]{ 7fp“ /x]sf] 5Ú–
s]Gb|Lo hgkl/ifbsf ;b:o s= ;Gtf]if a'9f du/ atfpg'x'G5 . To;f] t g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ klZrd sdf08n] lzIffnfO{ ;j{;'ne, lgMz'Ns / clgjfo{ u/fpg …lg/If/
/xg' ck/fw xf]Ú eGg] cleofg yfn]sf] s'/f e]/L–s0ff{nL If]qLo Ao"/f] O~rfh{
;'/]z l;+x atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“sf] :ki6 JofVof 5– …k'/fgf] ;Qfsf sf/0f sd
;fIf/ ePsf] 7fp“ ePsfn] of] cleofg rnfPsf 5f}+, >d / l;4fGtsf /fqL sIffx?
k|f}9 cj:yfsf hgtfnfO{ k9fO/x]sf 5f}+ .Ú
o;/L x]g]{ xf] eg] klZrd g]kfndf :yfkgf
ePsf hglzIffnox? s'g} lbg ;j{xf/fju{sf] dxfljZjljBfno aGg ;Sg]5 .
lzz'
:ofxf/ s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf M
o'4df ;xefuL sfo{stf{, zxLb kl/jf/ / ufp“df
k|x/L, zfxL ;]gfåf/f a:g} g;Sg] hgtfsf 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ /s'd lhNnf hg;/sf/n] jfn
;+/If0f s]Gb| :yfkgf u/L k7gkf7g u/fO/x]sf] 5 .. lhNnfsf] df]8]n Pl/ofdf
;~rflnt pQm s]Gb|sf] x]/rfx s= cf:yf, qmflGt / ljxfgLn] ul//xg'ePsf] 5 .
…a'af ;'v]{tsf] cjnlr¨df zxLb x'g'ef], cfdf
e"ldut ePkl5 dnfO{ d'?sf] 3/df zfxL ;]gfn] a:g lbPg . oxf“ k9\5',
lbbL hgtfs} 3/df a;]/ k9\l5g\Ú– ( jifL{o zlQm 3tL{ ;a} s'/f Ps}rf]l6
arfp“5g\ .
a'af–cfdf cfGbf]ngdf /x]sf]n] cfkm"x?
;“u} hfg g;Sg] ePsf] atfp“5g\– ljkgf cf]nL, ;Ltf cf]nL / s]z/ cf]nL .
pgLx?sf] ljrf/df …of] k9\g] ;do xf] . /, b'Zdgaf6 klg aRg
l;ls/fVg'k5{ .Ú
?s'd u/fOnf rf}v]sf s0f{axfb'/ lj=s= / b'gL
lj=s= lsnf] z]/f 6'df k|x/Låf/f cGwfw'Gb uf]nL a;ff{O{ 3/d} xTof ul/Pkl5 %
efO–alxgLsf] ljrNnL kg'{ k¥of] . lhNnf hg;/sf/ ?s'dn] b]jLnfn lj=s= /
;'zLnf lj=s=nfO{ xfn ;+/If0f s]Gb|df /fvL k9fO/x]sf] 5 . To:t} 3/df x]/rfx
ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf ePsfn] k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{sf 5f]/f5f]/L lvdf af“7f, hgs
af“7f / cd/ cf]nL klg ToxL+ kl9/x]sf 5g\ . oL afnaflnsfx?sf] afn ;+u7g klg
5 .
gd"gf
lzIffM hgtfsf] k|ltlqmof M
…;'?–;'?df gd"gf lzIffnosf] k|rf/
x'“bf u'l/Nnf 6«]lg¨ -tflnd_ lbg] x'g\ ;a}nfO{ dfcf]jfbL agfO{ oxf“ bdg
lgDTofpg] xf] <Ú eGg] k|Zg /fVg] cfzdfnL s]=;L= clxn] cfkm"n] ga'em]sf]
/ k|ltlqmofjfbL lrGtgdf ef/taf6 cfp“bf ;f]w]sf] s'/f ;lDemlG5g\ . ;fob
gd"gf lzIffnosf] ;'?tfsf …dfcf]jfbLn] xfDnfO{ x]/]sf xf]Og, bdg lgDTofpg
:s"n vf]Ng] of]hgf lbPsf x'g\Ú eGg]x?sf] d'vdf clxn] tfNrf nfu]sf]
5 . pgLx? eG5g\– …ljs6sf clzlIft dfG5]nfO{ km6fxfx? -hf] lj:yflkt eP/
lhNnf a;]sf 5g\_ n] eg]sf] xNnfdf nfu]/ uNtL ug{ k'Uof}+ .Ú
clxn] k|To]s hgtf cfkm\gf] bIftf k|bz{g ug{
:s"ndf k9fpg] u5{g\ . c?sf] sIffdf klg cg'udg / /rgfTds
;'emfj–;Nnfxn] lj1fgsf] o'udf k|j]z ug]{ s'/fdf a9L rrf{ ug{ rfxG5g\ . /,
b]z–ljb]zsf 36gfqmd;“u a9L hfgsf/ x'g rfxG5g\ .. cfwf/Onfsf:t/Lo hgtfsf] Pp6}
syg 5– …xfdLnfO{ dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kyn] h:tf] cf/f]ksf] klg v08g ub}{ k|lzIf0f
lbof], h;n] dfG5] x'g l;sfO/x]5 .Ú
lzIff If]qsf] sfd
!= k'/fgf]
cj}1flgs, :t'ltjfbL / k'“hLjfbL lzIff k|0ffnLsf] Jofks e08fkmf]/ ug]{ / j}1flgs
hgjfbL lzIffsf] k|rf/ ug]{ .
@= hgtfnfO{
Jofks ;fIf/tf lbnfpg k|f}9 sIffx? ;~rfng ug]{ .
#= 3'DtL tyf
;d;fdlos lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug]{ .
$= ;a}
ljBfnox?df …;“:s[t lzIffÚ / slyt /fli6«o ufg alxisf/ ug]{ .
%= a]nfa]nfdf
lzIfs tyf ljBfyL{x?sf] ljz]if 6f]nL lgdf{0f u/L hgtfdf cfwf/e"t lzIff
k|bfgsf] sfo{qmd agfpg] .
^= Jofj;flos
tyf k|ljlwd"n lzIffx?df ljz]if ?kn] hf]8 lbg] .
&= a]nfa]nfdf
dfS;{jfbL lzIffsf] kf7\oqmd agfO{ lzIfs, ljBfyL{ tyf hgtfdf ;d]t
cWoog–cWofkgsf] sfo{qmd rnfpg] .
*= hgtfsf]
cfkm\g} kxndf v'Ng] ljBfnox?df gof“ kf7\oqmd, kf7\ok':ts, lzIfs tyf cGo ef}lts
;'ljwfsf] nflu cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
(= k|fylds txdf
dft[efiffdf cWoog–cWofkgsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
;fef/ M ;+o'Qm hg;ldltsf] sfo{lgb]{lzsf– @)%& sf]
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ klZrdf~rn If]qLo Ao"/f]af6 .
cfkm\gf] xs / clwsf/af/] afnaflnsfnfO{ n8\g l;sfp“5'
–
b]jaxfb'/ u'?ª, cWoIf, afn ;+u7g
…b]zdf
o'4 rln/x]sf] 5 . of] a]nf xfdL afnaflnsfx? To;sf] rk]6fdf cjZo
k5f}{+ . To;}n] xfdLx? a]n}df ;r]t x'g'k5{ . afnaflnsfsf] xs / lxtsf]
lglDt afn ;+u7gsf] cfjZostf 5 . b'Zdgn] hltv]/ klg xTof ug{ ;S5 .. To;sf/0f
xfdL afnsx?n] klg clxn]b]lv g} n8\g] snf l;Sg'k5{ . cfhb]lv g} ljrf/df
kl/kSj x'“b} uP ef]ln b]zn] dfu]sf] dfG5] x'g ;S5f}+ . ef]lnsf] b]z rnfpg]
xfdL afnaflnsf g} xf}+ .Ú
?s'd
d]nu}/L, h'g 7fp“df hgo'4 ;'? ePsf] !% lbgkl5 ^ hgf zxLb hGd] jf /fHon] ;f]
7fp“df ^ hgfsf] ;fd"lxs xTof u/]sf] lyof], df cfheGbf !) jif{ cufl8 hGd]sf
afn g]tf b]j u'?ª log} kª\lQmx? hlta]nf af]Nb} lyP of] kª\lQmsf/nfO{ rlDsnf]
/ftf] tf/fsf gfos kfqsf] ;Demgf eO/x]sf] lyof] . hf] gfosn] zxLbsf] /utn]
l;+lrPsf] ?s'd cfh o'4do ag]sf] 5 . hxf“sf hgtfnfO{ o'4afx]s csf]{ ljsNk
5}g . s'g} ;do lyof], ;/sf/L l;kfxLx? dfcf]jfbL vf]Hb} ufp“ufp“ k;]sf lyP,
h+unh+undf k;]sf lyP, e]6]hltsf] xTof ub}{ ufp“df s'g} a'afsf] a;f]af; ug{
lbPsf lyPgg\ . ljBfno k9\g] ljBfyL{x? pgLx?sf d'Vo lgzfgf, hGdhft zq'
x'g'kb{Yof] .
3/sf cf“ug,
v]tsf u¥xfx?, ljBfno, uf]7x?, vf]N;fx?df /utsf] e]n aUYof] . ufp“df
a"9fa"9L / ;fgf aRrfafx]s sf]xL a:b}gy] . olb sf]xL a:of] eg]
zxLbsf] km]xl/:tdf p;sf] gfd cª\lst x'GYof] . hlta]nf hgo'4 ev{/ ;'?jft
ePsf] lyof] ;/sf/n] /f]ldof], lsnf] z]/f 6', h+un ;r{ ck/]zg ;~rfng u/]sf]
lyof] . lbgx'“ ?s'ddf dfl/Psf] va/ ;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodn] km'ls/xGYof] .
t/ ;do o:tf] cfof] hxf“ cfh ;/sf/sf] s'g} gfd–lgzfgf 5}g . hgo'4n]
hgtfnfO{ n8\g l;sfof] . Tof] n8fO“n] cfh ;/sf/nfO{ ;b/d'sfd / /fhwfgLdf
v'lDrg afWo agfOlbof] . cfh Toxf“sf b]jaxfb'/ u'?ªnfO{ dfq x}g pgL h:t}
xhf/f}+ afnaflnsfx?nfO{ /fhgLltdf rf;f] a9\b} uPsf] 5 . b]zsf]
kl/l:yltaf/] /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+ zx/–ahf/eGbf ufp“x? a9L hfgsf/ 5g\ .
cfkm\gf] clwsf/ n8]/ dfq k|fKt ug{ ;ls+bf]/x]5 eGg] s'/f a'lem/x]sf 5g\ . Toxf“sf
hgtfx? cfkm} ;Qf ;~rfng ul//x]5g\ . hgjfbL lzIff lbg] :s"nx? ;~rfng
eO/x]sf 5g\ / ljsf;–lgdf{0fdf h'6]sf 5g\ . hlta]nf of] kª\lQmsf/ oL afn
g]tf;“u s'/f ub}{ lyof], Tolta]nf pgL !& cf}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf] tof/Ldf Jo:t
lyP . cfkm\gf] ;+u7gsf] k|ltj]bg k|:t'ltsf] tof/L ub}{ lyP . pgsf]
af]Ng] z}nL, xftsf] xfpefp b]Vbf nfUYof], of] dfG5] s'g} lbg dxfg\ g]tf
aGg]5 . hgfb]z ;fKtflxssf ;Dkfbg ;xof]uL bLk]Gb| /f]sfofn] u/]sf] ;+lIfKt
s'/fsfgL oxf“ k|:t't ul/Psf] 5– ;+= .
slt sIffdf k9\g'x'G5 <
– %
sIffdf kl9/x]sf] 5' .
efOsf]
3/ sxf“ xf] <
– d]/f] 3/ nflud ufp“ xf] . of] ?s'd
lhNnf lkn ufh;– ! df k5{ .
clxn]
s'g :s"ndf kl9/xg'ePsf] 5 <
– lxdfno lg=df=lj= v/L ?s'ddf kl9/xsf]
5' . v/L eg]sf] 8f]Nkfsf] l;dfgf xf] . d]/f] sfo{If]q ToxL xf] .
ToxL 7fp“df ;+u7g agfp“b} lx+8]sf] 5' .
s] sf]
sfo{If]q eGg'eof] <
– d afn ;+u7s x'“ . d]/f] 3/af6 clxn]
a;L k9\g] 7fp“ k'Ug @ lbg nfU5 . d}n] Toxf“ afn ;+u7g agfp“5' .
cfkm\gf] xsclwsf/af/] n8\g l;sfp“5' .
slt
jif{ ef] sfo{If]q lnPsf] <
– ! jif{ x'g nfUof] .
clg
tkfO{+sf] pd]/ <
–
!) jif{ k"/f eof] .
tkfO{+
s;/L, lsg ;+u7gdf nfUg'eof] <
– -xf“:b}_ s;/L eg'“ < -cln uDeL/
b]lv+b} nfdf] ;f; lvr]kl5_ . ;/, d ufp“df b'Zdgn] ubf{ a:g ;lsg“ .
dnfO{ b'Zdgn] ufp“df al;vfg lbPgg\ . xfd|f] ufp“3/sf] 9'¨fdf6f] g}
dfcf]jfbL eGg] b'Zdgsf] ;/sf/n] dnfO{ af“sL g/fVg] x'“bf clgn bfO -clgn zdf{,
?s'd lhNnf clvn qmflGtsf/L_ sf cWoIf_ nfO{ hfgsf/L lbPsf] lyP“ . pxf“n]
dnfO{ sfo{If]q lbP/ k7fpg'eof] . Tof] va/ /fdaxfb'/ s]=;L= sd/]8n]
lbg'eof] .
tkfO{+n]
eg]sf b'Zdg sf] x'g\ <
– c“, tkfO{+ hfGg'x'G5 -xf“:b}_ ====.
5}g,
sf] x'g\ eg';\ g efO <
– -Ps ldg]6kl5_ . h;n] xfd|f ufp“sf
hgtfnfO{ e“u]/f df/] em}+ df5{g\ . cfuhgL u5{g\, n'6kf6 u5{g\, xfd|f cfdf,
km'k", lbbL, alxgL hlt jif{sf eP klg ;dft]/ hah{:tL anfTsf/ u5{g\ ..
ltg} x'g\ xfd|f b'Zdg .
–
klxnf–klxnf k'ln;x? cfp“y], ufp“sf km6fxf 7fn";“u ldnL xfd|f hgtfnfO{
xfGg] uy]{ . clxn] zfxL ;]gf gfdsf xTof/fx? cfp“5g\ . oxf“ o;f] u/\
eg]/ sf7df8f}+sf] r'Tyf] ;/sf/ eGbf]/x]5 . d /]l8of] ;'G5' ;/ .
– d ;fdfGo
aRrfnfO{ t /ftlbg h¨ndf efUg'kg]{ cj:yf cfp“Yof] . xfd|f ufp“sf ;a}
dfG5]x? b'Zdg cfP efU5f}+ . xfd|f] 3/df ;'g, ?lkof“–k};f / s'v'/f,
af]sf–v;L tL b'Zdgn] slxNo} /fVg lbPgg\ .
lsg <
– n'6\5g\
Sof ;/ † ;/ tkfO{+n] …xfd|f] /f]Nkfdf k'ln;x? cfP/, lem6LemD6f u/Lasf nu] n'6]/
===Ú eGg] ult ;'Gg'ePsf] 5}g <
5', t/ e'n]sf] 5' efO . tkfO{+ Tof] uLt ufpg
;Sg'x'G5 <
– ufp“5'
;/ . of] uLt t xfdnfO{ b'Zdgn] 3/L–3/L ;Demg nufO/xG5g\ .
o:t} uLt c? 5}gg\ <
– ufpg t
l;:g]sf snfsf/ sd/]8x? ufpg'x'G5 . d}n] s07 ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .
tkfO{+sf] pd]/ ;fg} 5 t/ s'/f w]/} hfGg'ePsf] 5 lg
<
–
-xf“:b}_ . …8] tf]Ú -s'lGg t_ < -Psl5gkl5_ ;/, ;a} s'/f b'Zdgn]
l;sfof] .
efOsf] 3/df sf]–sf] x'g'x'G5 <
– a'af, b'O{
alxgL 5g\ . pgLx? g]kfnu~rdf ;fgf] 5fk|f] xfnL a;]sf 5g\ .
lsg 3/df a:g'ePg t <
– 3/df b'Zdgn] a:g lbPg . To;df klg a'af /S;L
vfg] /S:ofxf x'g'x'G5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf] hg;Qf rn]sf] 7fp“df klg /S;L vfg kfOG65 <
– clxn] t
kfOGg . klxnf–klxnf t n'lsl5kL hf“8–/S;L vfGy] . Ps lbg a'afn] /S;L
vfP/ cfdfnfO{s'6L s/¨ ef“lrof] . -cln pQ]lht eP/_ d}n] To;a]nf a'afnfO{
9'¨f xfgL k|lt/f]w u/]+ . ToxL lj/fdLn] kl5 cfdf dg'{eof] .. dnfO{
;+u7gdf gÚhf eg]/ ufn -ufnL_ ug{ yfn] . d}n] y'k|} k6s ;DemfP“, gdfg]kl5
d}n] klg 6]l/g . d ;+u7gdf x“6L -lx+8L_ uP“ .
clxn]
a'af;“u e]6 3f6 5 <
– 5}g . pxf“ d]/f] a'af ePsf] eP d]/L
cfdfsf] l:ylt To:tf] x'g] lyPg . xfdL 6'x'/f x'g] lyPgf}+ . clxn]
xfd|f] ;+u7g gePsf] eP d 6'x'/f] elg+bf] x'“ < t/ d 6'x'/f] h:tf] 5}g .
tkfO{+nfO{
cfdfsf] ;Demgf cfp“5 <
– cfp“5 .
cfdfnfO{
;Dem“bf s] s'/fsf] ofb cfp“5 <
– -Psl5g ;f]r]kl5_ g]kfnu~hl:yt e]/L c~rn
c:ktfnsf] a]8df kN6]sL cfdf slxNo} p7\g' ePg . xfdLn] hgtfaf6 dfu]/ lnPsf
k};f hlt vr{ u/] klg af“Rg ;Sg'ePg . d}n] dnfO{ / alxgLx?nfO{ x]/]/ cfdf
/f]Psf] s'/f ;DemG5' ;/ .
cln
s'/f km]/f}+ x} . tkfO{+ ;+u7g s;/L agfpg'x'G5 <
– xfd|f] xs / lxtsf] nflu ;+u7g cfjZos
5 . ;+u7g agfP/ gof“–gof“ s'/f l;sf}+ eG5' . hltn] d]/f] s'/f dfG5g\
pgLx?nfO{ ;+u7gdf a;fN5' . afnssf xs–clwsf/sf s'/f hfg] hlt u5'{ .
eljiosf s0f{wf/ eg]sf xfdL g} xf}+ . To;}n] cfh}b]lv l;Sg'k5{ eG5' .
sltj^f
;+u&g agfpg'ePsf] 5 <
– d}n] ;Dd]ngdf eG5' . d]/f] l/kf]l6{¨
x'“bf ;'Gg' xf]nf ;/ .
lsg,
clxn] eGg ldNb}g <
– ;+u7gsf] cg'zf;g x'G5 lg †
;+u&g
a;fNbf s;/L ;'? ug'{x'G5 <
– ;'?df ;+u7g eg]sf] xfd|f] xs / lxtsf]
rf;f] /fVg] ;+u7g xf] eG5' clg …cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_Ú zAb s07 kfg{
nufp“5' . lj:tf/}–lj:tf/} l;S5g\ .
tkfO{+
PSn}n] ;+u7g agfpg ;Sg'x'G5 <
– sxL+ ;S5', sxL+ rflx+ s]xL sd/]8x?sf]
;xof]u dfU5' . cfhsn t ufp“ sld6L klg af]nfpg] u5'{ . a}7s a;fN5',
gof“ lg0f{osf] kq ePkl5 .
;+u&gdf
sfd ubf{ s]xL cK7]/f] k/]sf] 5 <
– cK7]/f] t x'G5 . sfd ug{ ;lhnf] 5}g
lg † t/ ug{ g;lsg] eGg] klg s]xL x'“b}g h:tf] nfU5 .
;+u7gdf
sfd ubf{ k9\g kfOG5 <
– kfOG5 . d}n] /fd|/L k9\g kfPsf]
5' . :s"ndf ;fyLx?n] dnfO{ dfof u5{g\ . ;/x?n] klg === .
s]
sf/)fn] dfof u5{g\ h:tf] nfU5 <
– d afn;+u7gsf] k|ltlglw ePsf]n]
xf]nf . -cln nhfp“b}_ yfxf 5}g .
lsg afn
;+u7g agfpg'x'G5 <
– c/] ;/ † aRrfx?n] ;+ul7t geP b'Zdgn]
qmflGtsf/Lx? df:g] sfd ug{ ;S5 . qmflGtsf/Lx? xfd|f d'lQm of]4f
x'g\ . To;}n] ltgnfO{ arfpg xfdLn] g}lts ;dy{g / ef}lts ;xof]u
ug'{k5{ . ;a}af6 n8\g l;s]gf}+ eg] ef]ln af]wf] dfG5] x'G5 . b'Zdgn]
pxL hgtfnfO{ sdf/f agfpg] Joj:yf rnfO/fVg ;S5 . To;}n] klg xfdL t gof“
g]kfn agfpg rfxG5f}+ lg †
s;/L
;Dej xf]nf tkfO{+n] b]v]sf] gof“ g]kfnsf] ;kgf <
– x'G5 ;/ . tkfO{+ zx/af6 oxf“ cfp“bf
s]xL b]Vg' x'Gg t/ oxL+ a;]sf] eP slt b]Vg'x'GYof] xf]nf <
s] <
– ;a} ljsf;,
r]tgf Sof .
o'$lj/fd ePsf] 5 . jftf{ xf]nf ls gxf]nf <
– of]
o'4lj/fd xfd|f ;fyLx?sf] /ut;“u ;f“l6Psf] zlQm ug{ nufPsf] 5 . b'Zdgn]
km;fpg ;Sg] if8\oGq ub}{5 xfd|f g]tfx?nfO{ . s;/L a:g' ePsf] 5 xf]nf ;/
<
7Ls} 5 . ;a}n] ;r]t u/fPs} 5g\ . lrGtf ;a}n]
lnPsf 5g\ . t/ tkfO{+sf] ljrf/df jftf{ s] xf]nf <
– dfu
k"/f ug{ b'Zdg slt tof/ x'G5 < s'/f] To;}df 5 . p;n] em§} lbg] t
s'g} 5f“6 b]lvGg x} ;/ †
c“, tkfO{+n] clxn];Dd 7"nf] g]tf s;nfO{ e]6\g'ePsf]
5 .
– clxn];Dd
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_sf lhNnf cWoIf clgn zdf{, lhNnf hg;/sf/ pk–k|d'v g/]Gb| a'9f,
a6flnog sdf08/ k|xf/, vbLsf O~rfh{ l;:g] cflb e]6]sf] 5' .
hgjfbL lzIff eg]sf] s] xf] eGg] nfU5 <
– /fhfnfO{
k'Hg] lzIff h:tf] geO{ hgtfsf] ;Daf]wg ug]{ lzIff xf] eGg] nfU5 .
sljtf n]Vg'x'“bf]/x]5, s:tf] ;Dj]bgfn] n]Vg'x'G5 <
– hltv]/
b'Mv k5{, zxLbsf] au]sf] /ut ;lDemOG5 To;a]nf sljtf n]V5' .
eljiodf s] aGg] ljrf/ 5 <
– cfjZostfn]
s] agfp“5, ToxL ag'“nf .
afn ;+u7gsf g]tfsf] x}l;otn] b]ze/sf afnaflnsfnfO{ s]
eGg'x'G5 <
– ;dod}
;+ul7t x'g'xf];\ . b'Zdgsf x/if8\oGq ljkmn kfg{ xfdL ;S5f}+ . ljrf/n]
kl/kSj eP ef]ln b]zn] dfu]sf] dfG5] x'g'kg]{5 . ;dod} n8\g l;ls/fvf}+ .
qmflGtsf/L dlxnfx?sf] ;Dd]ng
dsjfgk'/÷
clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_, dsjfgk'/sf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ng eJo?kdf ;DkGg
ePsf] ;dfrf/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . k|fKt ;dfrf/cg';f/ ;f] ;Dd]ngsf] pb\3f6g
cg]d;+3-qmflGtsf/L_ sL e"=k"= dxf;lrj nIdL >]i7n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;dd]ngdf ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08 dlxnf ljefusL ;b:o s= cg'zf, kf6L{ k|ltlglw s=
l5Gt', k|ldnf tfdfª cflbn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
l/tf
l;njfnsf] cWoIftf / ;[hgf l/hfnsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ;f] ;Dd]ngn] ldgf kflv|gsf]
cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo gof“ lhNnf ;+u7gsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . h;df pkfWoIf
;[hgf l/hfn, ;lrj k|ldnf tfdfª, sf]iffWoIf l/tf l;njfn, ;b:ox?df ;fGgfgL tfdfª,
/]vf yfkf, ;fljqL l/hfn, ;Gtf]ifL g]kfn, sNkgf >]i7, piff tfdfª, ;l/tf
tfdfª, lji0f'dfof tfdfª nufot x'g'x'G5 .
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ cfGbf]ngdf
l;Gw'nL÷
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ l;Gw'nL lhNnf ;ldltn] cfkm\gf s]Gb|Lo dfux? k"/f ug{
bjfj lb+b} ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx? cufl8 a9fPsf] va/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . k|fKt
va/cg';f/ lhNnf cWoIf l8jL tfdfªsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] Ps 6f]nLn] lhNnf lzIff
clwsf/LnfO{ e]6L cfkm\gf ;+3if{sf sfo{qmd;lxt P3f/;"qLo dfux? k]z u/]sf]
5 . lhNnf:t/df k"/f ug{ ;lsg] dfunfO{ tTsfn k"/f ug{ /
s]Gb|Lo:t/sf dfux?nfO{ k"/f ug{ kxn ug{ / ;/sf/;“u xfn} ePsf] ;Demf}tf
sfof{Gjog tTsfn ug{ hf]8bf/ dfu ul/Psf] 5 .
To;}u/L
;+u7n] dfWolds ljBfno;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIff Joj:yf ug'{kg]{, ufp“df a:g g;sL
;b/d'sfddf a;]/ tna vfg] lzIfssf] tna /f]Ssf ug'{kg]{, ljBfno lg/LIf0f tyf
cg'udg tTsfnug'{kg]{ h:tf dfux? cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5 .
gof“ r]tgf hufpg ;kmn l/ªdfr{ cleofg
– k|eft
rnfpg]
/fhwfgL;“u hf]l8Psf wflbª, g'jfsf]6, dsjfgk'/, l;Gw'kfNrf]s, sfe|] cflb lhNnfx?sf clwsf+z 7fp“df !& cf}+ ztfAbLsf] emNsf] lbg] tfdfª a:tLx? kfOG5g\ . /fHoåf/f pTkLl8t tfdfªx?sf] bogLo cj:yfk|lt xfn;Dd s;}sf] Wofg hfg ;s]sf] 5}g . xfn g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ s]Gb|Lo sdf08cGtu{t hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Ps gDa/ sDkgLn] pQm If]qdf hgtfaf6 l;Sg] / hgtfnfO{ l;sfpg] l/ª dfr{ cleofg ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . o;} qmddf g'jfsf]6–wflbªsf tfdfª a:tLsf 3/3/df uP/ ! g+= sDkgLåf/f ;~rflnt cleofgdf ;xefuL dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{, hg;]gf / hg;Qfsf k|ltlglwx?n] b'Mv–;'v ;f6f;f6 u/]sf 5g\ . lzIff–:jf:Yonufot ;a} If]qdf lk5l8Psf tL u/La a:tLx?df hg;]gfsf 8fS6/x?n] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ / cf}iflw