;do–;Gbe{
k'/fgf]
;Qfdf r/d ;ª\s6 M rGb ;/sf/sf] lj36g
– s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f
rGb ;/sf/
lj36g / ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ u7gaf/] M
ljBdfg /fhg}lts t/ntfdf ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf] h'g
;Gbe{ cfO/x]sf] 5, o;nfO{ xfdLn] b'O{ cy{df x]/]sf 5f}+ . klxnf]– of]
k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfleqsf] r/d ;+s6sf] cleJolQm xf] / bf];|f]– k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfleqsf
u'6–pku'6x? Pjd\ ljleGg zlQms]Gb|x?sf] cfk;L emu8f / ;xdlt sfod ug]{ jf
;f“7uf“7 ug]{ k|lqmof . ;du|df x]bf{ d'n's t k'/fgf] ;Qf / gof“ ;QfaLrsf]
eLif0f åGåaf6 cufl8 cfO/x]sf] l:ylt xf] . To;}n] jftf{ of] b]zsf] ;du|
/fhg}lts d'2fx?sf] s]Gb|ljGb'df 5 . b]z / hgtfn] cu|ufdL lgsf; vf]lh/x]sf
5g\, gof“ lgsf; rflx/x]sf 5g\ . of] ;Gbe{df ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf] h'g s'/f
cfPsf] 5, o;n] d"n /fhg}lts d'2fnfO{ cf]em]n kfg{ vf]lh/x]sf] 5 .
jftf{–k|lqmofnfO{ nDAofpg], hgtfnfO{ e'nfpg], cNdNofpg o:tf] k|lqmof cl3
al9/x]sf] 5 .
k'/fgf]
;Qfleq x'g] ;/sf/ kl/jt{g / jftf{df To;sf] c;/af/] M
s;nfO{ km\of“Sg] / s;sf] g]t[Tjdf dlGqd08n
u7g ug]{ eg]sf] k'/fgf] ;Qfleqsf] ;/sf/ kl/jt{g dfq xf], ;Qf kl/jt{g
xf]Og . ;Qf t pxL k'/fg} xf] . k'/fgf] ;Qfleqsf] ;/sf/ kl/jt{gn] b]z
/ hgtfsf] nflu cfd"n kl/jt{g x'“b}g . To;}n] To:tf] kl/jt{gsf] s'g}
cy{ x'“b}g . km]l/ d'n'sdf ;+ljwfg gePsf] a]nfdf h'g;'s} of h:tf];'s}
;/sf/ klg /fhfsf] OR5f / lgufxdf aGg] ;/sf/ x'G5 .. Tof] ;/sf/ eg]sf]
hgtfsf] Dof08]8 lnP/ ag]sf] x'“b}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf of] jf Tof] ;/sf/ h'g
eP klg To;n] s:tf] sfo{qmd Nofp“5 eGg] s'/f x]b{5f}+– klxn] . km]l/ of]
;/sf/ kl/jt{gdf xfdL b]zL–ljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmx?sf] v]n b]lv/x]sf
5f}+ . o;af6 jftf{–k|lqmofdf cj/f]w v8f ug]{, cndNofpg] /0fgLlt ;QfkIfn]
lnPsf] k|i6 a'lemG5 . /fHokIfn] OdfGbfl/tfsf ;fy jftf{–k|lqmofnfO{
;sf/fTds lgisif{df k'¥ofpg] eP of] $ dlxgfdf s]xL g s]xL t cjZo} x'g]
lyof] . h'g d"n /fhg}lts d'2f xf], To;df Wofg lbO“b}g clg $÷% dlxgfdf
;/sf/ km]g]{ sfd ul/G5 eg] Tof] rfnjfhLnfO{ a'em]/ hgtf ;ts{ x'g'k5{ .
ca aGg]
‘;j{bnLo ;/sf/’df dfcf]jfbL ;+nUgtfsf] xNnfaf/] M
k'/fgf] ;Qfleqsf] ;/sf/ kl/jt{gaf/] xfd|f]
k|i6 wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs /x]s} a]nfdf rnfOPsf] of] xNnfsf] ;fGble{stf g} 5}g .
xfdL k'/fgf] ;Qf / o;sf] ;+ljwfgaf6 ljb|f]x u/]sf zlQm xf}+ . To;}n] gof“
;+ljwfg lgdf{0fkl5 dfq} ;/sf/df xfd|f] ;xeflutfsf] k|Zg p7\g' ;fGble{s
x'G5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfleqsf] rnv]n, km]/abnkl5 g} o;leq xfdLx? ;dfj]z x'g]
s'/f x'g} ;Qm}g . of] ;/sf/ kl/jt{g t k'/fgf] ;Qfleqsf u'6–pku'6x?nfO{
ldnfpg] / ;dembf/L agfpg] k|lqmof dfq xf] .. xfdL s] rfxG5f}+ eg] k'/fgf
;a} k|lqmof aGb x'g'k5{ / gof“ cfwf/df gof“ Pstfsf] k|lqmof ;'? ug'{k5{ .
To;}sf nflu xfdLx?n] jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf /fhg}lts Ph]08f cl3;f/]sf 5f}+ .
/fhg}lts ?kdf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k|lqmofnfO{ cl3
;fg'{k5{ eGb} cfPsf 5f}+ . To;sf/0f of] ;/sf/df xfdLx?sf] ;xeflutfsf] s'/f
lg/fwf/ e|d dfq xf] .
‘clwsf/;DkGg’
;j{bnLo ;/sf/ lgdf{0f / jftf{–k|lqmof ;DaGwdf M
…clwsf/;DkGgÚ eg]sf] s] xf] < clwsf/
;DkGg x'g' eg]sf] t ;du| /fHosf] clwsf/ lng' xf] . k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfleq
cyf{t\ k'/fgf] ;+ljwfg dfGg]x?df k|i6 b'O{ wf/ b]vfk/]sf] 5 . klxnf]–
cfkm\gf] k'/fgf] hgfwf/nfO{ u'dfp“b} uPsf / To;nfO{ k'ghL{ljt ug{nfO{
56k6fO/x]sf ;+;bjfbL kf6L{x?sf] ;Qfaflx/sf] Pp6f zlQm / bf];|f] rflx+
;]gf;lxtsf] /fhfsf] ;Qf;Lg zlQm . k'/fgf] ;Qfleqsf oL b'O{sf] emu8f t
sfod} 5, cem} ldn]sf] 5}g .. r/d emu8f 5 . o:tf] r/d ;+s6sf] l:yltdf
oL b'O{ zlQmx? cnu–ynu ePsf] cj:yfdf clwsf/;DkGg eGgnfO{ t pgLx?sf] ldnfk /
;f“7uf“7 x'g'k¥of] lg t † k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] k"/} clwsf/ lnP/ a;]sf] g clwsf/
;DkGg x'G5 † xfdLx? o'4lj/fd u/]/ cfPsf 5f}+ / clxn] g} …k|m]; :6f6{Ú u/f}+
eGg] kIfdf 5f}+ . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;f“7uf“7sf] s'/fnfO{ ln+bf klg ev{/
ljt]sf] ! jif{nfO{ g} x]/f}+ g . Tof] ! jif{ ;ª\s6sfn, u[xo'4sf] r/d
e'“d/L, /Qmkft / 7"nf] Iflt ePsf] l:yltdf /x]sf] Oltxf; 5 . To;}n]
pgLx?sf] ;f“7uf“7 eg]sf] ckljq x'G5 . To;n] b]znfO{ lgsf; lbg ;Sb}g .
b]znfO{ ;f“Rr} lgsf; lbg] xf] eg] clxn] b]zdf lqsf]0ffTds zlQm;Gt'ngsf] l:ylt
5 . xfdL klg jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf cfOk'u]sf 5f}+ . olb /fli6«o ;xdlt sfod
ug]{ xf] eg] k'/fgf] k|lqmofnfO{ aGb ug'{k5{ / gof“ k|lqmofnfO{ :yflkt
ug'{k5{ . gof“ k|lqmof :yflkt ug]{ eg]sf] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, of] ;Dd]ngkl5
k|m]; :6f6{df aGg] cGtl/d ;/sf/ g} ;j{zlQmdfg ;/sf/ aG5 . Tof] ;/sf/ dfq
clwsf/;DkGg x'G5 . k'/fgf] ;+ljwfgleqsf u'6–pku'6x? ldn]/, ;Demf}tf u/]/
ag]sf] u7aGwgsf] ;/sf/ clwsf/;DkGg x'g} ;Qm}g .
cWoIf s=
k|r08sf] lj1lKtsf] dd{
xfd|f] kf6L{sf cWoIf s= k|r08åf/f k|]lift
lj1lKtn] d'n'ssf] /fhg}lts cj:yfnfO{ ljifb ljZn]if0f u/]sf] 5 . s] xf] rLh
/ jf:tljstf eGg] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ul/lbPsf] 5 . g]kfndf clxn] of] l:ylt k}bf
x'g'df b]zleqsf /fhg}lts zlQmx? dfq lhDd]jf/ 5}gg\ . jf:tjdf cGt/f{li6«o
zlQmx? c;fWo} tLa|tfsf ;fy rnv]n ul//x]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL hgtfsf] cfkm\gf]
af/]df cfkm} lg0f{o ug]{ cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/dfly ljb]zL zlQmx?sf] cgfjZos
rnv]n / x:tIf]k a9]sf] 5 . o;sf] xfdL lj/f]w u5f}{+ . lj1lKtn] o;sf]
3f]/ lj/f]w u/]sf] 5 . b]zleqsf zlQmx? klg slt sfo/ / sdhf]/ 5g\ eGg] pQm
lj1lKtn] ;fljt u/]sf] 5 ls pgLx? cfkm\gf] lg0f{o, cfkm\gf] cfwf/, b]zsf]
cfwf/df, cfkm\gf] cfTdljZjf;df cl3 a9\g] eGbf klg cGt/f{li6«o zlQms]Gb|x?sf]
cufl8 3'“8f 6]Sg k'u]sf 5g\ . cfTd;dk{0f ug{ k'u]sf 5g\ . o;f] x'“bf
b]znfO{ 7"nf] 3f6f k'Ug] l:ylt b]vfkl//fv]sf] 5 . cWoIf sd/]8sf]
jQmJon] lbPsf] klxnf] ;Gb]z oxL xf] .. bf];|f] ;Gb]z xf]– ljb]zL zlQmx?sf]
x:tIf]ksf/L gLltk|lt ;hu /xL a]n}df ;ts{ /xg] . of] rnv]n / 3'“8f6]s'jf
k|j[lQk|lt cfd g]kfnL hgtf, qmflGtsf/L :jfledfgL hgtf ;ts{ / ;hu x'g'k5{ .
cGt/f{li6«o x:tIf]k / /fli6«o cfTd;dk{0fjfbL gLltsf lj?4df h'emf? Pstf sfod
ug'{k5{ eGg] ;Gb]z lbG5 . lj1lKtsf] csf]{ hf]8 oyfzSo zflGtk"0f{
lsl;dn] / jftf{s} k|lqmofaf6 g]kfnL hgtfsf] xsclwsf/ k|fKt xf];\ eGg] s'/fdf
/x]sf] 5 .
plrt
lgsf; M
clxn];Ddsf] Oltxf;df g]kfnL hgtfn] clwsf/
k|fKt u/]sf 5}gg\ . )$^ ;fndf k|fKt clwsf/ klg vf]l;Psf] 5 . jf:tljs
cy{df g]kfnL hgtfn] cfkm\gf] clwsf/ k|fKt ug'{k5{ . of] s'g} u'6–pku'6 /
pk/L;+/rgfdf a;]sf tŒjx? cyjf j}b]lzs zlQmx?sf] Ozf/fdf /fHo;Qf rNg'sf] ;§f ca
/fHo g]kfnL hgtfsf] xftaf6 rNg'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] . cyf{t\ of]
eg]sf] k"0f{ k|hftGqsf] cEof; xf] . To;sf] nflu clxn]sf] lqkIfLo
zlQm;Gt'ngsf] /fhg}lts oyfy{tfsf] w/ftndf 6]s]/ eGg] xf] eg] b]zdf ljut &
jif{b]lv k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfaf6 ljb|f]x u/L gof“ /fHo;Qfsf] lgdf{0f ub}{ cl3a9]sf]
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] ;}lgs cfqmd0f;“u}sf] Pp6f l:yltdf /0fg}lts zlQm;Gt'ngsf]
cj:yf k}bf ePsf] jt{dfg ;Gbe{df gof“ cfwf/df gof“ Pstfsf] vf]hL ug]{ of lgsf;
lng] ;Defjgf eP/} xfdL oxf“ cfPsf xf}+ . To;sf] lgldQ gof“ cfwf/df d'n'snfO{
kl/eflift ug'{k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] . k'/fgf] dfGotfaf6 af¥xjif{sf]
tl/sf h;nfO{ xfdLn] tyfslyt k|hftGqsf] cEof; eG5f}+, af6 klg s]xL x'g ;Qm}gYof]
/ ePg . csf]{lt/ k~rfotsfnLg #) jif]{ zf;g rnfpg] h'g b':;fx; ul//x]sf
5g\, Tof] Oltxf;sf] Ps sfnv08df cToGt} c;kmn l;4 eP/ uO;Sof] Tof] ca x'g
;Qm}g . casf] gof“ k|of]u eg]sf] k"0f{ k|hftGqsf] k|of]u xf] .
gof“ k|hftGq eg]sf] oxf“ pk]lIft ;a} hflt, hghflt, efiff, If]q, ln¨x?n] clwsf/
kfpg'k5{ . To;sf] lgldQ tTsfn cfd/fhg}lts ;xdlt sfod ug{ uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng
ug'{k5{ . To;n] clwsf/;DkGg ;j{kIfLo ;/sf/ agfpg'k5{ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf]
k|lqmofåf/f gof“ ;+ljwfg aGg'k5{ . o; k|lqmofdf gof“ ;+ljwfg klg aG5 /
hgtfn] klxnf]k6s cfkm\gf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/sf] klg k|of]u u5{g\ . of] g}
clxn]sf] Ps dfq /fhg}lts lgsf; xf] .
-jftf{df
cfwfl/t_