s0ff{nL M l/kf]l6{ª\ ug{ af“sL /x]sf] ;ª\s6sfn

l bLk]Gb| /f]sfof

)%^ ;fndf …Pdfn]sf] nfn lsNnf s0ff{nLsf kf“r lhNnfÚ eGb} Pdfn]n] u/]sf] k|rf/ ldYof ;fljt ePsf] 5 . ;a}n] s0ff{nLnfO{ clxn] dfcf]jfbLsf] nfnlsNnf cyf{t\ cfwf/ Onfsfsf] ?kdf a'em\g yfn]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}+ s]lGb|t k'/fgf] ;Qf u|fdL0f a:tLaf6 knfog ePkl5 ;b/d'sfddf s}bL h:tf] x'g afWo 5 . o:t} cj:yfdf cu|udgsf nflu zflGtjftf{sf] s'/f rln/x]sf] 5 . o;} aLrdf @@ a'“b] cfrf/;+lxtf hf/L eP klg k'/fgf] ;Qf k'/fg} ?k / 9+un] k/Dk/fut lx+;f / cft+ssf] kmd]{zgdf 5 . /f]u, ef]s / zf]ssf] lj1fkg agfOPsf] s0ff{nL k'/fgf] ;Qf lj?4 gof“ ;Qf / gof“ ;“:s[ltsf] cEof;;lxt Ao'“lemPsf] 5 . /, s0ff{nLjf;Lx? xfn rln/x]sf] zflGtjftf{ / ;/sf/L if8\oGqsf] uGwnfO{ ljZn]if0f u/L eGg yfn]sf 5g\– …o:t} xf] eg] xfdL x'DnL–h'DnLx? ;ft';fdn af]sL sf7df8f}+ sAhf ug{ tof/ x'g'k5{ .Ú pgLx?sf] yk ts{ 5– …jftf{ clwsf/ ;lxtsf] xf];\ . d"bf{ zflGt sfod /xg] jftfj/0f nfdf] ;do g/xf];\ .Ú

36gf ljj/0fx? kN6fp“bf s0ff{nLdfly rnfOPsf] bdg / cTofrf/sf] ;Ldf ;+s6sfndf dfq nfu]sf] 5}g . k/Dk/fut ;+s6sfn nfu]sf] s0ff{nLdf 36fOPsf lgof]lht 36gfx?df k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] /fIf;Lkg cfkm} af]N5g\ . ;+s6sfnsf] ;+lIfKt 36gf ljj/0f o; k|sf/ 5 .

h'Dnf M

)%* kmfu'g @ ut] h'Dnf tftf]kfgL ufh;sf] /f“sf ufp“df h'Dnf±sflnsf]6 ;+o'Qm lhNnf hg;/sf/sf k|d'v k/fgaxfb'/ w/fnfnfO{ sfo/tfk"0f{ 9+un] xTof ul/of] . k|d'v w/fnfnfO{ l;len 8«];df uPsf ^ hgf ;]gfn] sAhfdf lnPkl5 xTof u/]sf lyP .. w/fnfsf] xTofkl5 ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf k'u]sf] zfxL ;]gfn] zxLb w/fnfsf h]7f bfh' xl/rGb| w/fnfnfO{ s'6lk6 u/] . Tolt dfq geO{ gof“ 3/ agfpg] 7fp“df sfd ul//x]sf @! jifL{o ltnaxfb'/ /fjnsf] uf]hLdf gSsnL lr7L / ;s]6 ad xfnL uf]nL xfg]/ xTof u/]kl5 dfcf]jfbL egL k|dfl0ft ug{ vf]lhPsf] s'/f cfdf wg;/L /fjn atfp“l5g\ . ;/sf/L ;~rf/ dfWoddf pQm 36gfsf] pN6f] k|rf/ ub}{ d'7e]8df dfl/Psf] elgof] .

)%* kmfu'g @ ut] a]n'sL uHof{¨sf]6 ufh;sf] vNnfjf8fdf cGwfw'Gw ?kdf uf]nL rnfO{ afns[i0f e08f/L -hl6n_, bfgaxfb'/ bdfO{+ / s= cfgGbnfO{ xTof u/]kl5 k|]daxfb'/ dxtnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L ;]gf / k|x/L lx/f;tsf] r/d oftgfkl5 h]n rnfg ul/of] .. )%( sflt{s @$ ut] h'Dnf sAhf x'“bf 5'6]sf dxt cfkm"x?n] kfPsf] ;f:tLsf] syf eGg] xf] eg] dxfef/t aGg] atfp“5g\ . To;}n] klg x'g;S5 pgL;lxt ^ hgf h]naf6 5'6]kl5 k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ eP/ lx+8]sf 5g\ .

;+s6sfn 3f]if0ff ePkl5 h'Dnfdf sfo{/t ;'/IffsdL{x?åf/f tnLpdb]lv uHof{¨sf]6;Dd cft+s, n'6kf6 / xTof–lx+;fsf] Jofks s;/t eof] . ;b/d'sfd vn+uf ahf/df s;}sf 3/df k|];/s's/ af“sL g/fvL n'l6P . h'Dnf u}/fufp“af6 alb{of uf]nf3f6 a;fO“ ;/]sf ;O{ dgk|;fb rf}nfufO{+n] 5q 8f“uL nufotsf #) cf}+ hgf Jofkf/LnfO{ dfcf]jfbL eg]/ y'Gg] / xhf/f}+ /sd vfO{ 5f]8\g] sfd u/] . o:tf] sfddf zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] ;+ul7t bn g} nfu]sf] atfOG5 .

sf7df8f}+sf] ;/sf/;“u ;Dks{ af6f] xjfOhxfh, x]lnsf]K6/ / 6]lnkmf]gafx]s c? s]xL gePsf] ;b/d'sfdnfO{ ufp“n]x?n] gfsfjGbL u/]kl5 h'Dnfsf] vn+uf, x'Dnfsf] ;Lldsf]6, d'u'sf] udu9L, 8f]Nkfsf] h'kmfn, sflnsf]6sf] vf“8frqm dfGdsf] Jofkf/ ;'Sof] . To;}dfly ;+s6sfndf h] ug{ klg kfOG5 eGg] dfgl;stf kfn]sf :j]R5frf/L ;'/IffsdL{åf/f ;b/d'sfdsf hgtfn] ;d]t pkef]Uo ;fdfg pkef]u ug{ gkfpg] u/L c3f]lift k|ltaGw nufOof] . h;sf sf/0f ;b/d'sfdeGbf aflx/sf k;n, xf]6nx?sf Jofkf/Lx?nfO{ dfcf]jfbL kfNg] < eg]/ ;fdfg lsGg / Jofkf/ ug}{ glbPsf] s'/f ;j{q ;'Gg kfOG5 . To;f] t pgL -;b/d'sfdeGbf aflx/sf Jofkf/L_ x?n] dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf ;'/IffsdL{sf oftgf lzlj/df a]s;'/sf] oftgfdo lbg ljtfpg'k/]sf] s'/f h'Dnf–x'Dnf k'Ug] hf]–s;}nfO{ klg yfxf 5 .

)%* c;f]h @) ut] s'8f/L ufh;df hxf/Lnfn e§/fO{sf] 3/df zfxL ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cf}iflw, cGg ;xof]u u/]sf] cf/f]kdf cfuf] nufof] eg] :yfgLo kf6L{ sfo{stf{ 1fgaxfb'/ zfxL -kf6g_, rGb| /fjn -rGb|]_, x:taxfb'/ -P6d_nfO{ ljeT; tl/sfn] df¥of] . o;}u/L rGb|axfb'/ a'9f -lj/f]w_ / nfDbf ufh; lxof}+ vf]nfsL Ps dlxnfnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L af“emf /fjndf k'¥ofO{ uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/of] . To;a]nf tL dlxnfnfO{ u:tLdf uPsf %) cf}+ zfxL ;]gfsf hjfgx?n] anfTsf/ u/L df/]sf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ .

h'Dnf uHofªsf]6–& vNnfjf8faf6 )%* r}q !@ ut] ;]gfn] sfnLk|;fb kf08] -s= k|jL0f_nfO{ nv]6L–nv]6L d'?nL vf]nfdf sAhfdf lnPkl5 xTof u/] . ToxL lbg d'?nLaf6 df]tLk|;fb cfrfo{ -s= ljsf;_ nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L vn+ufl:yt SofDkdf lnP t/ /flt bfG;f“u'df NofP/ xTof u/]sf] nfz e]l6of] .

)%( h]7 * ut] laxfg & ah] h'Dnf uHof¨sf]6– $ pjf8L eGg] ufp“df Hof]lt Gof}kfg] -s= lgsf]g_, lji0f'sfGt Gof}kfg] -/fs]z_ / sflnsf]6sf s= lgdf{0fnfO{ zfxL ;]gfåf/f lgof]lht ?kdf xTof ul/Psf] s'/f zxLb s= lgsf]gsL kTgL gf}sGof Gof}kfg] atfpg'x'G5 . of] 36gfsf] of]hgfsf/ :yfgLo l;cfO{8L xl/k|;fb Gof}kfg] ePsf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ .

)%( sflt{s ^ ut] uHof{¨sf]6– % lhpnfdf nv]6Lnv]6L sdn g]kfnL -s= pQd_nfO{ df/]sf] s'/f zxLbkTgL pgf}6L lj=s=n] ?“b} 36gf ljj/0f ;'gfpg'eof] . s= pQdnfO{ df/]s} lbg v]tdf e}+;L r/fO/x]sf nf6f ;k{gGb xdfnnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] a'6 / /fOkmnsf] s'Gbfn] xfgL d[uf}nf–kmf]S;f] emf/] . h;sf sf/0f g]kfnu~hdf pkrf/ ubf{ub}{ d[To' eof] . ;j{;fwf/0f nf6f] xdfnsf] k|zf;g;“u Ifltk"lt{ dfu ubf{ ;'/IffsdL{åf/f gs'l6Psf] s'/f atfOof] .

)%( c;f/ @& ut] k6df/f ufh;sf] e08f/Ljf8fdfly dfOsfyfKnfdf s[i0fk|;fb kf08] -s= ljGb'_ sf] xTof zfxL ;]gfn] u/]sf] s'/f zxLb cfdf lzjsGof kf08]n] atfpg'eof] .

)%* df3 $ ut] uHof{ªsf]6 h'Dnfsf ljv{axfb'/ e08f/L -s= Hjfnf_ nfO{ 3/ 3]/f xfnL l;len 8«];df uPsf zfxL ;]gfn] jL/Kkg z}nLdf xTof u/] . o:t} kmfu'g $ ut] bn] kl/of/ -lxdfn_, bQaxfb'/ dxt/f -cfgGb_ / afns[i0f e08f/L -hl6n_ nfO{ sAhfdf lnP/ wf}nfk'/df k'¥ofO{ ;fd"lxs xTof ul/of] . )%( sflt{s @* ut] /fs]z Gof}kfg] -e"k]{Gb|_ sf] zxfbt afx]s xl/zrGb| a'9f -r]tg_, dfofb]jL cfrfo{, ldng, uf]kfnrGb| clwsf/L -kl/jt{g_, df]tLk|;fb cfrfo{ -ljsf;_, ems] g]kfnL -/}yfg]_ nufotnfO{ ljleGg ;dodf sAhfdf lnPkl5 xTof u/]sf] 36gf ljj/0fn] atfp“5 .

)%( ;fpg @^ ut] l8NnLrf}/ ufh;sf] nf;Ldf eGg] 7fp“df /flt 3]/f xfnL lbnLk a'9fnfO{ s'6Ls'6L xTof ul/Psf] atfOG5 .

xTof, cft+s dfq sf7df8f}+sf] ;/sf/n] u/]sf] /x]g5 . b]kfnufp“df /x]sf] kmf]gnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] rnfpg] kmf]g eg]/ )%* sflt{saf6 nfOg sfl6of] t/ ToxL kmf]gsf] lan ! jif{;Dd lagfl;lQ ltg{ k/]sf] wg/fh lu/Lsf] s'/fn] x/9+un] zf]if0f ug{ kNs]sf] sf7df8f}+sf] ;/sf/sf] lgolt a'em\g ;lsG5 .

)%( a}zfv @$ ut] kf08ju'kmf ufh;sf] /f]sfofjf8fdf wgaxfb'/ jd -s= ljsf;_ / Pshgf wfld{s k/Dk/f cg';f/ 5f]/fsf] nflu Pslbg] hf]uL ag]sf hf]v] ;fsL{nfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] cGwfw'Gw uf]nL a;f{P/ xTof u¥of] . ToxL lbg} lj/f6\ ufh;sf] nfxfh{ ufp“af6 nIdL Gof}kfg] -;'idf_, s= u+uf / s= sflGtsfnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L sgsf;'Gb/Lsf] rf}sLvf]nfl:yt h+undf k'¥ofO{ anfTsf/ u/L ;fd"lxs xTof ug{ kl5 gk/]sf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ .

a'd|f df8Lrf}/ ufh; l;K6Lrf}/sf l;nfh' Jofkf/L 6;L s7fotnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] ;Nofgdf df/] . Pp6f Joj;fo ug]{ dfG5] gegL, ;j{;fwf/0f gegL h;nfO{ klg dfcf]jfbL b]Vg]x?n] h'Dnfdf ;+s6sfn cl3 $) hgf zxLb agfPsf lyP eg] xfn !#@ hgf zxLbsf] gfdfjnL tof/ kfg'{ k/]sf] kL8f s= cfbz{n] atfpg'eof] .

sflnsf]6 M

sflnsf]6sf] ;'sfl6of ufh;sf] xfp8L ufp“df !@ hgf dlxnfnfO{ d+un;]gdf n8\g hfg] ltdLx? g} t xf}nf < eGb} zfxL ;]gfsf hjfgx?n] aGb's t]:of{p“b} wf]tL vf]Ng nufO{ anfTsf/ u/] . of] )%* kmfu'g ^ ut]sf] s'/f xf] . o:t} h'Dnf vn+uf sfjf{xLsf] @ lbgkl5 tfDtL ufh;sf] d5nb]pdf @ hgf dlxnfnfO{ anfTsf/ ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf vfnsf 36gfx?n] ubf{ dlxnfx? dfcf]jfbL hg;]gfdf nfUg' k/]sf] s'/f hgd'lQm ;]gfsf sDkgL sld;f/ s= c0f' atfpg'x'G5 .

sflnsf]6 )%( c;f]h !$ ut] sflnsf]6 d'U/f ufh;sf] sflnsf]6 ufp“df hgd'lQm ;]gfsf Knf6'g sld;f/ s= OG;fg -d}gf a/fn_ ;lxt # hgfsf] xTof ef8fsf zfxL ;]gfåf/f eof] . a;]sf] 3/ 3]/fxfnL sAhfdf ln+bf ul/Psf] ljeT; xTof s0ff{nLjf;Lsf nflu wf} lj;{g' ePsf] 5 . s= OG;fgsf] ;fydf /x]sf s= s}nfnL / s= zf/bfn] ;f]xL 36gfdf zxfbt k|fKt ug'{eof] . o:t} )%( a}zfvdf sflnsfv]t'df s= d'lQm;lxt ^ hgfsf] ;fd"lxs xTof ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f]xL ;dodf s= d'lQm ue{jtL x'g'x'GYof] .

sflnsf]6sf l8NnLsf]6, 5fk|] / kfvfdf hgtf ;+s6sfn nfu]kl5 3/df vfgf vfg ;]G6«L u/]/ vfP, slxNo} 3/df ;'Tg kfPgg\ . o'4lj/fd eO;s]sf] @ dlxgf laTbf;Dd 3/df ;'Tg hgtf cfPgg\ .. lsgls k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] k|rf/df slQ klg ljZjf; gePsf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ . To;f] t nfn', dfNsf]6, sf]6jf8f Onfsf / etf{, ;'sl6of, xfp/L, d'd|f, bfxfsf hgtfnfO{ /fHon] crfSnL b'Mv lbPsf] 5 .. tL kL8fsf] k|ltzf]wdf b'Zdgsf lubL vfP klg l/; gd]l6g] s'/f s= k|eftn] hgfb]znfO{ atfpg'eof] .

h'Dnf uHof{¨sf]6sf hgtfnfO{ /fHon] slxn] gful/stf clgjfo{ agfP/, slxn] kl/rokq clgjfo{ agfpg nufP/ s'6\g], lk6\g] / kqmfp ug]{ cyf{t\ dfg]{ kf;f] yfKof] . of] kf;f]df k/]/ of] jf Tof] gfddf lk6fO vfg] hgtf eG5g\– …dfcf]jfbLsf] k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ eP dfq alrg] /x]5 .Ú

sflnsf]6 bfxl:yt jL/ zfxsf] 3/af6 #) j6f v;L, u/uxgf, zfxL ;]gfåf/f n'l6Psf] 5 . Tolt dfq geO{ 3/df /x]sf] cGgkft af6f]el/ vGofP/ 3/} cfuf] nufOof] .. s] v;L, u/uxgf, cGgkft / 3/ dfcf]jfbL lyP / n'6kf6 cfuhgL ul/of] < hgtfsf] s/ vfP/ hgtfsf] ;'/Iff lbg vl6Psf eGg]x?sf] a'l4 o:t} x'G5 ;'/Iff < s= e]/L k|Zg ul5{g\ o:t} d~h' zfxLsf], kfvf ufh;sf] & 3/df / sf]6jf8f Onfsfdf ul/Psf] cfuhgLsf] / dfgjLo Ifltsf] d"No ltg{ sf7df8f}+sf] ;/sf/nfO{ wf}–wf} kg]{ s'/f kLl8t hgtfn] atfO/x]sf 5g\ .

/fHon] h'Dnfaf6 ;+s6sfnkl5 eb| af]u6L / lgd{n af]u6LnfO{ a]kQf kfl/Psf] 5 eg] ;+s6sfncl3 lhNnfaf6 hgfb]z ;Djfbbftf xl/k|;fb kf08], k[YjLaxfb'/ /fjn, b'uf{axfb'/ zfxLnfO{ a]kQf kf/]sf] lyof] . o:t} )%* h]7af6 x'Dnf a/fO lgjf;L s0ff{nL d'lQm df]rf{sf ;b:o wd{hLt a'9fyf]sLnfO{ a]kQf kfl/Psf] 5 .

)%( c;f]h @) ut] tftf]kfgLdf lx+l8/x]sf xl/rGb| s7fotnfO{ zfxL ;]gfåf/f uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] s'/f pxf“sf bfh' dgaxfb'/ s7fot atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“ eGg'x'G5– …sf7df8f}+sf] ;Qfn] s0ff{nLsf hgtfnfO{ e“u]/feGbf xNsf 7fg]/ dfg{ nufPsf] 5 . x]/f}+ o;sf] kl/0ffd s] x'g]5 <Ú

)%( ;fpg !$ ut] zfxL ;]gfåf/f sflnsf]6sf] kmf]O dxfb]j ufh;sf] ah]8L ufp“df # hgfnfO{ 3]/f xfnL xTof ul/of] . kmf]O ufp“sf ljKnj, vNnfsf /fh]z / h'Dnf /f/fsf tdfdnfO{ ds}af/Ldf e“u]/f df/] em}+ df/]kl5 kmf]O dxfb]jsf /Tg lj=s= nufotsf ;a} ufp“n]x?nfO{ r/d oftgf lbOPsf] lyof] .

h'Dnf /f/flnxL+af6 gfUd hf“bf tLy{ bdfO{+ -s= 8an_ nfO{ )%( ;fpg !# ut] hgtfaf6 5'6\ofO{ tf/f] xfg] em}+ ;]gfn] uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] s'/f /f/flnxL+sf hgtf ;'gfp“5g\ . pgLx?sf] ;f]rfOdf sf7df8f}+sf] ;/sf/ xTof/f] afx]s c? s]xL xf]Og ..

sflnsf]6 kmf]O dxfb]j– * w/fnLsf ufh; k|d'v dl0frGb| kf08]sf] 3/df ceb| Jojxf/ k|bz{g u/L :ofp kmf/dsf s[lif ;fdu|Lx? n'6\g] zfxL ;]gfn] xl/ xdfnsf] 3/df /x]sf sflklstfa, n'ufkmf6f], ef“8fs'8f / ufh; ejg hnfof] .

)%* kmfu'g * ut] sflnsf]6sf] l8NnLsf]6df bfgaxfb'/ l;+xsf] 3/df zfxL ;]gfn] /s]6 n~r/ xfgL 3/ eTsfof] eg] bfgaxfb'/ l;+x;lxt $ hgf l;+x aGw'nfO{ kqmL lrnvfof h¨ndf k'¥ofO{ Ps} 8f]/Ln] rf/} hgfnfO{ af“w]kl5 uf]nL xfgL xTof u/] . of] sxf“;Ddsf] aa{/tf xf] < 36gf ljj/0f ;'gfp“b} s= ;[hgf cfqmf]z kf]Vg'x'G5 . ToxL lbg cd[t ufh;sf] lrnvfofdf ?? ufp“df e]+8f a]r]/ cfPsf Jofkf/Lsf] &) xhf/ ?k}of“ dfcf]jfbLsf] eg]/ n'6\g] zfxL ;]gfsf] Hofblt sxf“;Ddsf] cTofrf/ xf] < s= ;[hgfsf] yk uDeL/ cf/f]k lyof] .

)%* kmfu'g !! ut] sflnsf]6sf] ;'sfl/of ufh;sf] xfp/Lsf Ps ;j{;fwf/0f ufp“n]n] ef/taf6 cfPsf] ef]lnkN6 cf]6fnf]df d'v w'g nfUbf cgfxsdf zfxL ;]gfsf] uf]nL vfg'k/]sf] s'/f /Iff dGqfnon] slxNo} hfgsf/L lbPg . To;f] t 5fk|]sf Ps ls;fgn] a]gf{df kfgL nufpg] a]nf ;]gfsf] Ps 6f]nLn] 3fOt] agfof], csf]{ 6f]nLn] t8\kfO{–t8\kfO{ df/]sf] tYo ljs6tfn] dfq ;dfrf/ n'sfOof] .

d'u' M

)%* k'; @ ut] /f]jf ufh;sf] 3§]n]sdf 3/df al;/x]sf sNkgf efd -/ldtf_ nfO{ 3/ 3]/L uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/of] .

)%( h]7 * ut] ?3f ufh;sf] dfl6ld§fdf & hgfnfO{ zfxL ;]gfåf/f ;fd"lxs xTof ul/of] . pQm ;fd"lxs xTofsf08df lji0f'axfb'/ e08f/L -ljgf]b_, v8\sgfy of]uL -ljZj_, gGb/fd a'9f -x'/L_, k|sfz l;+x dNn -dbg_, b]jLnfn zfxL -ljs6_, v8\saxfb'/ zfxL -xf]l;of/_ / hutaxfb'/ zfxL -HofS;g_ nfO{ sfo/tfk"j{s xTof ul/Psf] lyof] .

)%( a}zfvdf n'D;df kz'klt 8f“uL -kf}/vL_ / k]df 5f]6f¨ nfdf -k|ltdf_ nfO{ sAhfdf lnPkl5 zfxL ;]gfåf/f anfTsf/ ug]{ k|of; ubf{ub}{ uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/Psf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ .

)%( ;fpg % ut] lhdf ufh;sf] l;k ufp“df dSs wfdL -s= dfOsn_ ;lxt % hgfsf] ;fd"lxs xTof ePsf] 5 . pQm ;fd"lxs xTofsf08df s= hgs, r6\of¨, kfgl;+x s'dfn / lhdf ufp“sf ;j{;fwf/0f ls;fg nfnjL/ nfjtnfO{ sfo/tfk"0f{ 9+un] xTof ul/Psf] lyof] .

)%( ;fpg @$ ut] lhdf ufh;sf] k'?d'? ufp“df # hgfnfO{ 3/leq} sAhf u/L ;fd"lxs xTof ul/Psf] s'/f k|ToIfbzL{ ufp“n]x? atfp“5g\ . pgLx?sf cg';f/ lrqaxfb'/ wfdL -lxDdt_, k'Ggaxfb'/ ;'gf/ -;+3if{_ / /dgf dNnnfO{ zfxL ;]gfåf/f aa{/tfk"0f{ 9+un] kz'jt Jojxf/ k|bz{g u/L xTof ul/of] .

)%( ;fpg @# ut] ;'sfl9s ufh;sf] em“u]nfdf ePsf] bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf @ hgf gfgfaxfb'/ /fjt -ljb|f]xL_ / lg/fhg sfsL{sf] zxfbt eof] eg] # hgf ?krGb| pkfWofo -l;tn_, hLjg / ;/f]h zfxLnfO{ sAhf u/]kl5 ;fd"lxs xTof ul/Psf] lyof] .

)%( d+l;/ $ ut] z]/L ufp“ ufh;sf] a/f“t' ufp“df @ hgf hgtf /8\s] aflgof“ / s}n] dNnnfO{ sAhfdf lnP/ s0f{axfb'/ /fjt -c?0f_nfO{ efUbfefUb} uf]nL xfgL ;fd"lxs xTof ul/Psf] k|ToIobzL{x? atfp“5g\ .

)%$ ;fn c;f]h @) ut] yjfª /f]Nkfsf ;"o{axfb'/ /f]sf du/nfO{ 3'RrLvf]nfdf ufoj kf/] em}+ ;'sfl9s ufh;sf g/]Gb| /f]sfofnfO{ )%( ;fpgaf6 a]kQf kfl/Psf] 5 .. oL 7"N7"nf xTofsf08 / zfxL ;]gfsf] Hofblt vKg g;sL d'u'sf s'/fg, ud, vTof8 / ;f]? a]N6sf ;a}h;f] hgtf dfcf]jfbL aGg'k/]sf] syf ;'gfp“5g\ .

x'Dnf M

)%* d+l;/ @& ut] l5k|f ufp“af6 kbd /f]sfof, ;k{hLt ;'gf/ / 1fgl;+x lj=s=nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L r/d oftgf lbOof] . xfn;Dd gh/aGbdf sf/fuf/ zfvf, ;Lldsf]6 x'Dnfdf kqsf/, dfgjclwsf/jfbL s;}nfO{ klg e]63f6 ug{ glbO{ /flvPsf] 5 .. xfn sf/fuf/df a'l4 km8]/f, 8Aan e08f/L / Ps zfxL y/sf u/L hDdf ^ hgf cf:yfsf aGbL 5g\ . t/ h]7 ( ut] kqsf/x?nfO{ 8L=P;=kL= ljqmdaxfb'/ rGbn] oxf“ cf:yfsf aGbL g} 5}gg\ egL 9f“6\g k'u] .

)%* r}q !( ut] hgd'lQm ;]gf;“u zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm u:tL 6f]nLsf] le8Gt x'“bf cflQP/ efu]sf ef8fsf ;]gfx?n] l5k|f ufp“ k;L km]nf k/]sf ;a} ufp“n]nfO{ / dfemfsf b'O{hgf blntnfO{ kftf s;L oftgf lbPsf] l5k|f ufp“ k'Ubf ;a}n] uxel/ cf“z' NofP/ 36gf ljj/0f ;'gfp“5g\ . cem} pgLx? ws km'sfP/ cfkm\gf] gfd eGg / oftgfsf] lttf] oyfy{ eGg ;Sg] eO;s]sf 5}gg\ .

)%( ;fpg ( ut] l5k|f ufh;sf] gNnfaf6 xf“zaxfb'/ zfxLnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/]sf zfxL ;]gfn] kmsfPkl5 bQaxfb'/ zfxL -clUg_ nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/] . To;a]nf 3/a]6L xf“z' zfxLnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] /fOkmnsf] s'Gbfn] 5ftLdf lk6]sf] gLn8fd tfh} 5 / ;f; km]g{ uf¥xf] eO/x]sf] atfp“l5g\ . To;f] t 8f“8fkmofsf !$ jifL{o bQaxfb'/ zfxL, h'gsf}/f /f]sfof -gjLgf_nfO{ klg lu/km\tf/ u/fOof] . a]n'sL & ah]lt/ gNnfsf] 3f6 tfbf{tfb}{ ubf{ ;a}nfO{ 3f6 tfl/;s]kl5 s= clUgnfO{ 3f6 tfg{ nfUbf aLr s0ff{nLaf6 xfdkmfnL dfcf]jfbL lhGbfjfb † ;a} sd/]8x? nfn;nfd eGg'eof] . pxf“n] aUbfaUb} k|r08ky– lhGbfjfbsf] gf/f nufpg'eof] eg] af“sL @ hgfnfO{ s0ff{nLsf] 5]j}df pEofP/ uf]nL xfgL xTof u/L s0ff{nLdf nfz kmfn] . zfxL ;]gfåf/f xTof ul/Pkl5 l5k|f / dfemf ufp“sf s/La !% hgfnfO{ / gNnfaf6 sfnLaxfb'/ zfxL, 8Aan] zfxLnfO{ r/d oftgf lbOof] . ;Lldsf]6sf] Aof/]sdf sl/a @) lbg /fv]kl5 tf/]vdf 5f]l8P .

)%( df3lt/ a'“p;] ufp“df :yfgLo a'9fkfsf–tGg]/Lx?n] kf/f v]ln/x]sf] a]nf zfxL ;]gfåf/f PSsf;L 5fkfdf/L dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf ;'?df oftgf lbP . Tof] s'/f k|dfl0ft gePkl5 dfcf]jfbL n'sfpg] egL 5q nfdf / tf]kaxfb'/ nfdfnfO{ d/0ff;Gg cj:yfdf k'¥ofP . h;sf sf/0f tf]kaxfb'/ nfdf xfn zfxL ;/sf/nfO{ ;/fKb} ynf k/]sf] s'/f hgfb]z;“u u5{g\ .

)%( h]7 dlxgfdf tf]kf{sf !% hgf o'jf zfxL ;]gfsf] gh/df dfcf]jfbL 7flgP / ynf kg]{ u/L s'6fO vfg'k¥of] . kfdf t'08'k nfdf cfkm"nfO{ ToxL oftgfsf sf/0f ;f; km]g{ uf¥xf] k5{ eGg'x'“b} ufp“sf oftgfkLl8tx?sf] gfdfjnL ;'gfp“5g\ .. /, eG5g\ …of] ;/sf/ cGwf] /x]5 kqsf/ ldq † xfdLnfO{ zf:tL–b'Mv lbof] .Ú To;f] t x'l6u, a/ufp“, 7]x] nufotsf ufp“sf o'jfo'jtL hDd} dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf s'l6Psf 5g\ .

)%( d+l;/ k';sf] /ftdf 7]x]sf s/La #) hgf o'jfo'jtLx?nfO{ gf¨} agfO{ l;:gf]kfgL nufOPsf] s'/f s;}n] klg e'n]sf 5}gg\ . :yfgLo b]p8f v]n v]ln/x]sf o'jf lk+9LnfO{ cgfjZos k|zf;g sfo/ eP/ cft+s km}nfp“5 eg] To;sf] cGTo ug{ dfcf]jfbL aGg'kg]{ s'/f a'emL w]/}hgf dfcf]jfbL ePsf] s'/f s= k|lt/f]wn] atfP .

)%( sflt{s * ut] tfSnf ufp“df laxfg & ah]b]lv a]n'sL $ ah];Dd le8Gt eof] . ;f]xL le8Gtdf dfUof /f]sfof -;u/dfyf_, sfn' af]x/f -e"sDk_, /fd] /fjn -cf“wL_ sf] zxfbt eof] . ptf vfk'{, ofªr' / af]Sr]uf}8fdf ePsf] le8Gtdf w]/} hgf zfxL ;]gf 3fOt] x'g k'u] . h;sf sf/0f ;Lldsf]6 lzj dlGb/af6 /s]6 n~r/n] l5k|f ufp“df xflgof] . tfSnfsf] uf]/] a'9f nufotsf & hgfnfO{ ufp“df s'6kL6 u/] .

)%( a}zfv ( ut] :of8fdf lbge/ ePsf] eL8Gtdf k/flht ePkl5 cGwfw'Gw uf]nL xfGg] zfxL ;]gfn] 6'ln¨ uf}+8fsf] xf]6njfnf /dnf zfxLnfO{ uf]nL xfGg k'u] . zfxLnfO{ 36gf yfdy'd kfg{ 8/ b]vfp“b} ^ xhf/ Ifltk"lt{ lbg] sfd zfxL k|zf;gn] u/]sf] 5 .. ;f]xL lbg lbge/ x]lnsf]K6/af6 d]lzgug / df]6f{/ xfgL xof“8f, vf]N;L, 8f“8fkmofsf ufp“ h+undf hyfefjL xflgof] . h;n] h+undf cfunfuL eof] . y'k|} e]+8fafv|f, ufOj:t' dfl/P . Ifltsf] PsLg 5}g .

)%( a}zfv !) ut] n]vgNnfsf] 9'¨f xfGgf eGg] 7fp“df l;dLsf]6 /fgL jgl:yt zfxL ;]gfsf] Jof/]saf6 /s]6 n~r/ xflgof] .

)%( df3lt/ l5k|fsf !@ hgf o'jfx? l;dLsf]6df vfg]kfgLsf] kfOk lng hf“bf e]8Lufp“ gNnfdf uf]nL rnfP . /, hgo'4sf] lj/f]w ug]{ k|lzIf0f lbP . Tof] s'/faf6 cfqmf]lzt o'jfx? dfcf]jfbLdf ;+ul7t ePsf 5g\ .

)%( c;f/ !) ut] wf/fkf]/Laf6 >Lgu/ ljuf]7Lsf hoaxfb'/ a'dL -;'/]Gb|_ / /fdnfn lj=s= -kxf8_ nfO{ sdf08f] kmf];{n] lu/km\tf/ u/L l;dLsf]6 k'¥ofof] . kl5Nnf] lbg r/d oftgf lb+b} cf“vfdf k§L af“w]/ 6'lnª\ k'¥ofPkl5 uf]nL xfgL ;a}nfO{ eL/af6 v;fn] . 36gfnfO{ k|ToIf b]v]sf :of“8fsf Ps Ujfnfn] gfd gn]Vg] zt{df hfgsf/L lbP . Tof] lbg 6'lnª ufp“sf sfnfl;+x nufotsf !)÷!@ hgf dfcf]jfbL ;dy{ssf] cf/f]kdf s'l6P .. To; a]nfsf] zfxL cft+ssf] abnf lng cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf] s'/f s= ;+3if{ atfpg'x'G5 .

)%( sflt{s !# ut] s]dL{ ufp“df 3]/f xfnL pkfn nfdf -k|ult_ nfO{ nv]6L–nv]6L 3fOt] cj:yfdf kqmfp u/L uf]klgotf vf]Ng] k|of; u/] . t/ s'g} s'/f gv'n]kl5 sfo/tfk"0f{ tl/sfn] ^ dlxgfsL ue{jtL cj:yfdf /x]sL k|ultnfO{ anfTsf/ u/L s~r8 / lk7\o'“df uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/of] . s= k|ult x'Dnf±d'u' ;+o'Qm lhNnfsf ;]qm]6/L s= ;'zLnsf] hLjg;fyL x'g'x'GYof] . of] xTofsf] ;fy;fy} 3/a]6L sfnLaxfb'/ nfdfnfO{ ;f; dfq /fvL s'l6of] . To:t} !% hgf o'jfx?n] g/fd|/L s'6fO vfPsf] atfOG5 . To;a]nf zfxL ;]gfåf/f hgtfsf sfDnf], km]¥of, lnp, l:nlk¨ Aofu, emf]nfx?, hgtfsf 3/sf h:tf];'s} sfuh klg dfcf]jfbLn] k|of]u ug]{ ;fdfg egL hnfOof] . ToxL lbg s= h'emf?nfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/L l;:gf]kfgL nufO{ cf“vfdf sfnf]kl§ af“wL d'r' k'¥ofOof] . d'r'df /x]sf] !@ af]/f rfdn n'6]kl5 /S;L vfP/ /dfP, d'r' uflj;sf k"j{ cWoIfsf] a'xf/LnfO{ zfxL ;]gfn] anfTsf/ u/] . Ps 3/af6 hgtfsf] kf“r xhf/ n'l6of] . ToxL df}sfdf /flt s= h'emf? qmflGtsf/L s'zntf k|of]u u/L 3]/f tf]8L kf6L{ ;Dks{df cfpg ;kmn ePsf] atfp“5g\ .

)%( sflt{s !% ut] of/Lufp“ k'u]sf zfxL ;]gfn] ufp“df :jf:Yo lzlj/sf] gf6s u/L n'6kf6 dRrfPsf] s'/f :yfgLo hgtf atfp“5g\ . of/L u'Daf ufp“sf gfdu]n nfdf cfkm\gf] 3/af6 o'Pg #))) -g]kfnL #) xhf/ ?k}of“_ n'l6Psf] atfp“5g\ . To:t} of/L ufp“sf] x\of¨;L 3/ ePsf em\ofsf]6 a:g] Ps nfdf cfkm\gf] 3/df /x]sf u/uxgf n'6\g yfNbf ufp“n]x? efufefu ePsf] atfp“5g\ . tL nfdfsf cg';f/ em\of“sf]O ufp“sf l56'k nfdfsL >LdtLnfO{ anfTsf/ ;d]t u/] . of] …zfxL cTofrf/sf] ;Ldf /x]gÚ hgtfsf] d'v–d'vdf oxL 5 .

)%( df3 # ut] vfk'{gfy ufh;sf] vk]{n ufp“df /ftsf] # ah] 3]/f xfnL wgaxfb'/ nfdf -lxdfn_ / s'G5fª nfdfnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u/] . tfSnf / vfk'{ eP/ b'O{ u|'kn] 3]/f xfn]sf sf/0f /ftsf] # ah] sAhfdf k/]kl5 laxfg * ah];Dd wf/fdf gf¨} pEofOof] . laxfg * ah] g"gv';f{gL / r"s lk;L df;' lr/L bn], cf“vf lgsfn]/ r'nfvf/sf] eL/df k'¥ofO{ uw{g l5gfP/ eL/af6 n8fP5g\ . o;/L h+unL aa{/ cft+snfO{ lj;{g g;lsg] 36gf x'Dnfdf PSsfO{;f}+ ztfAbLdf 36]sf] rrf{ Jofks 5 .. ToxL /ft yfnL z]/fl8n 3/ ePsf ! hgf / l5k|fsf 5Ss xdfnn] zfxL ;]gfåf/f dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf s'6fO{ vfg k¥of] .

)%( h]7df tf]kf{ ufp“sf e'Uof nf6f]nfO{ zfxL ;]gfåf/f dfcf]jfbL g]tfsf] cf/f]kdf oftgf lbOof] . clxn] ;f; dfq 5, cf]5\ofgdf 56\k6fO/x]sf nf6f eG5g\– …zfxL ;/sf/sf] cGTo l5§} xf];\ .Ú

)%* d+l;/sf] clGtd xKtflt/ lhNnfsf k"j{ hgdf]rf{sf ;f+;b 5Ssaxfb'/ nfdf, k"j{ ;efklt jL/h+u zfxL, clsn a'9f nufotnfO{ cgfjZos ;f]wk'5 / lx/f;tdf /fvL oftgf lbof] . o;/L oftgf kfpg]sf] ;+Vof s/La ^ ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf x'g;Sg] cg'dfg /fds[i0f a'9fsf] 5 . pgL cfkm" Tof] cTofrf/ ;xg g;sL dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngdf nfu]sf] atfp“5g\ .

ju{;+3if{sf lx;fan] k|sfz ufh; /fxb]j, a/fO ufh;sf] a/fO, lddL ufh;sf] P]8Ljf8f, dx]z ufh;sf] uf]7Lsf pTkLl8t hgtfn] ef]u]sf kL8f clxn] lhNnfe/ km}lnPsf] 5 . of] zfxL /f]unfO{ cf}iflw ug{ cfkm\gf] lhNnf hg;/sf/ nflu/x]sf] s'/f s= ;'/jL/ P]8L atfpg'x'G5 .

bdgn] hGdfPsf] k|lt/f]w / dfcf]jfbLsf] alnof] lsNnf agfpg] c7f]6M

s0ff{nLsf kf“r lhNnf /fHoåf/f bdg, if8\oGq ug]{ k/Dk/fut sf]/ Onfsf ag]sf] 5 .. Tof] pTkLl8t k/Dk/fut sf]/ Onfsfn] dfn]dfjfb / k|r08kysf] bz{g ju{;+3if{df k9\b} hf“bf sflnsf]6sf] Ro'/L d]nfb]lv gof“ sLlt{dfgsf] Oltxf; n]Vg ;'? eof] . P]ltxfl;s 8f]Nkf sfjf{xLb]lv h'Dnf sfjf{xL;Dd dxŒjk"0f{ P]ltxfl;s kl/36gfx? ;[hgf ul/lbPsf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf 7]s]bf/x? kfun eP/ o'4lj/fd x'“bf klg dfGd vf“8frqmdf -@)^) a}zfv % ut]_ uf]nL a;f{O{ @! hgf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{, hgtf 3fOt] agfP . o;n] k/Dk/fut bdg / pTkL8gsf xys08f k|of]u ug]{ sf7df8f}+sf zf;sx?sf] k|j[lQut ?kd} cft+ssf/L ePsf] k'li6 :jod\n] ul//x]sf] s0ff{nLjf;Lsf] ljZn]if0f 5 .

k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] efiffdf k|fs[lts h]n ag]sf] s0ff{nL ljut s]xL jif{b]lv nfn / lgk"0f{ x'“b} clwsf/sf] nflu n8fO“df 5 . cfTdlg0f{o / :jzf;gsf] clwsf/sf] nflu Psflt/ n8fO“df 5, csf]{lt/ cfwf/Onfsf:t/Lo hg;Qfsf] cEof;df 5 . s0ff{nLsf tGg]/L k':tf h;sf vfp“vfp“ / nfp“nfp“ eGg] hLjg x'“bf xTs]nfdf hLjg /fvL sf]xL TolQs} n8\g uPsf 5}gg\ .Ú :d/0f/xf];\– …s0ff{nLn] sf7df8f}+sf] ;Qfåf/f ljsf; dfUb}g a? cfkm\gf] ;Qf o'4sfnLg eP klg s0ff{nLnfO{ sfofk6n ug]{ of]hgfx?sf] cWoog ul//x]sf] 5 . csf]{ cy{df ;j{xf/fju{sf] /fhwfgL aGg] k|lqmofsf] yfngL eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú q