slyt ;+s6sfn ;/sf/L aa{/tf
:ynut l/kf]6{÷k|eft rnfpg]
Ps;do ;~rf/ dfWodx? ;/sf/d'vL ag]/ lbgx' dfG5] dfl/Psf] va/x? ;Dk|]if0f u/] . sfg'gL /fhsf] vf]qmf]kgf b]vfp“b} /Iff / u[xdGqfno lbgx'“ lgw{Ss dfG5] df/]sf] bfjL ub{} lj1KtLx? lgsfNYof] . b}lgs sf]6f k"/f ug{ ;]gfnfO{ hgtfsf] lzsf/ ug{ ufp“ ufp“df 5\ofDk 5\ofKtL ;/sf/n] kl/rfng u¥of] . ;]gfn] ufp“df 3/df al;/x]sf a[4–afnsx?, ljBfnodf k9\b} u/]sf ljBfyL{, v]tsf ls;fgx?, uf]7sf uf]7fnf / agdf 3f“;–bfp/f ub{} / ufO{ r/fp“b} u/]sf hgtfnfO{ r/f df/] em}+ dfg{ yfNof] . /Iff / u[xdGqfnosf lj1lKtx?df ;a} …cft+sjfbLÚ / d'7e]8 tyf le8Gtsf qmddf tL dfl/Psf] lni6df bh{ u/fpg yfNof] . cfºgf] aa{/tf 9fs5f]k ug{ uf]oaN; z}nLx? clVtof/ ub{} k|rf/o'4 TolQs} dRrfof] . t/ ;To s'g} lbg cjZo ljhodf k'Ubf]/x]5 . hgkIfw/ ;~rf/ ldl8ofx?dfly cfqmd0f u/]/ p;n] cfºgf] qm"/tf b]vfof] . cGofo–cTofrf/sf] lj?4df cfjfh p7fpg] / ;f/f hgtfnfO{ sTn]cfd ug{ agfPsf] of]hgf p;sf] cfºg} v'§fdf alh|of] . ;+s6sfnsf sfnf lbgx?df ;]gf–k|x/Lsf] u:tL ufp“ufp“df 5\ofK5\ofKtL kfl/of] . slxn] x]lnsf]K6/af6 adx? v;flnP eg] slxn] lbg bxf8} 3/sf 9f]sfd} hgtfsf] sTn]cfd ul/of] . o; qmddf !# jif{] afnsb]lv ^% jifL{o a[4 dlxnfsf] ;]gfn] xTof u/]sf] 5 . Tof] eLif0f bdgdf ql;t hLjg ljtfPsf hgtfx?sf] syf ;'Gbf nfU5– Toxf“ h+unL /fh / lx6n/L zf;g sfod lyof] . /ftf/ft ufp“x? 3]/]/ hgtfsf 3/x? uf]nLn] Kjfn}Kjfn kfl/Psf 5g\ . uf]nL / adx?n] g} 3/x? eTsfOPsf] klg 5 . 3/x?df ;]gfn] cfuf] nufPsf] 5 lhp“b} dl§t]n vGofP/, dlxnfx?sf] :tg sf6L–sf6L xTof ul/Psf] 5 . ;+s6sfnsf] g/;+xf/sf] nuQ} x'g nfu]sf] jftf{n] klg hgtfdf 5fPsf] qf; d]6fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . cem cfrf/;+lxtfnfO{ v'n]cfd ldRb} ufp“–ufp“df hgtfnfO{ wDSofp“b}, s'6lk6 u/]/ ;z:q u:tL ul//x]sf] zfxL ;]gfsf] s[ofsnfkn] ;+s6sfns} 8/ 5fO/x]sf] 5 . of] k+lQmsf/n] 36gfx?sf] ljj/0f ;+sng ug{ ufp“ ufp“k'Ubf hgtfx?df kL8f, 8/ ;fy} bfgjLo ;Qfk|lt 3[0f / cfqmf]zsf] Hjfnf klg p7]sf] b]lvof] . s]xL 36gfx?sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0fx? oxf“ k|:t't ul/G5–
)%*
d+l;/df ;+s6sfn nfu]kl5 kl/rfng ul/Psf] ;]gfn] ufp“ ufp“df xTof ub{} lx8\g]
qmddf df3 !* ut] cf]vn9'+uf, lbofn] uflj;df cfºg} 3/df al;/x]sL b]js'df/L yfkf
/ k|ltef yfkf b'O{ alxgLnfO{ Psf ljxfg} 3/leqaf6 aflx/ lgsfNof] .. To;kl5
3/ glhs} /x]sf] h+undf nu]/ anfTsf/ ug{ yfNof] Tof] b]v]/ cflQPsf yfkf alxgLsf
cfdfa'jfn] lrRofP/ k|lt/f]w ug{ vf]Hbf 3/d} lk6]/ aGb ul/of] . sl/a # 306f
kl5 ;]gf Toxf“af6 lx+8]kl5 ufp“n]x? Toxf“ k'Ubf b'a} alxgLx?sf] :tg sfl6Psf]
lgj{:q nfz b]lvof] . Toxf“af6 lx+8]sf] ;]gfn] a]n'sf kf]v/] uflj; * sf
ef]nf >]i7sf] 3/df 5fkf df¥of] . Toxf“ s]xL ge]6]kl5 >]i7nfO{ ;]gfn]
lu/ºtf/ u/L 8f]/Ln] af“w]/ 3/b]lv !)÷!% ldg]6 6f9f nu]/ oftgf lbg yfNof] .
Tof] lbg ;]gf ToxL a;]sf] Toxf“sf ufp“n]x? atfp“5g\ . pgLx?sf cg';f/
ef]lnkN6 sl/a $ ah]lt/ ;]gfn] 5f]l8lbof] . 3/ hf eg]kl5 ef]nf >]i7
wd{/fp“b} lx+8] . cln k/ lx+8\g] ljlQs} k5fl8af6 uf]nLx? al;{P . pgL
9n] . >]i7 ufh; pk–k|d'v lyP .
æ/fd]5fk r'r'/] uf=lj=; b'/fufp“sf 6+sk|;fb
kf}8\ofnnfO{ ;f]xL 7fp“sf] Psf¨Lkm]bLdf kf}8L v]ln/x]sf] a]nf )%( j}zfv ^ ut]
Toxf“ k'u]sf] ;]gf uP/ sAhf u/] . pgL;“u} kf}8L v]ln/x]sf bLks z]kf{nfO{
;]gfn] ;“u} pEofP/ uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] :yfgLo ufp“n] atfp“5g\ . ;f]
qmddf ;]gfn] ufp“df k;L s'6lk6 ub{} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;xof]u u/] To:t} u/L dfg{]
wDsL lb+b} lx+8]sf] ufp“n]x? ;'gfp“5g\ .
)%* df3d} cf]vn9'¨fsf] 6f/ s]/faf/L
e"k" Pdfn] uflj; cWoIfnfO{ ufp“df x]lnsf]K6/af6 emfl/Psf ;]gfn]
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ vfgf v'jfPsf] cf/f]k nufp“b} d/0ff;Gg x'g] u/L oftgf lbP .
;]gfn] lk6\bf lk6\bf hLpaf6 /ut alu/x]sf] ufp“n]x?n] atfP . To;}u/L 6f/
s]/faf/L (sf rt'/] bdfOsf b'O{ 5f]/fnfO{ klg ;]gfn] af6f]df ef/L af]s]/
lx+l8/x]sf] a]nf d/0ff;Gg x'g]u/L lk6]sf lyP . ebf}/] uflj; pkfWoIfsf]
3/df vfgf vfO/x]sf] a]nf )%( h]7 @ ut] 1fg gf/fo0f s6'jfn / ;'lgtf tfdfªnfO{ @
306f 6f9f /x]sf] ?Dhf6f/af6 cfPsf] ;]gfn] 3]/fxfnL 3/leq uf]nL xfgL xTof
u¥of] . To:t} )%* kmfu'g !$ ut] cf]vn9'¨fsf] kTtfn]5fkdf a0ff{n' uflj;sf
kbd tfdfªnfO{ ;]gfn] uf]nL xfGof] xTof u/]sf] lyof] .
)%( c;f/ ^ ut] cf]vn9'¨f km"njf/L
uflj;df dfcf]jfbL vf]Hb} lx+8]sf] ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbL ge]6]kl5 ufp“df s'6lk6 ub{}
lx8\of] . ;f] qmddf ;f]xL ufh; k|d'v dfwj n'O6]n / pkk|d'v ynx/L
n'O6]nnfO{ 3/d} al;/x]sf] a]nf lu/ºtf/ u/]/ ;]gfn] ufp“b]lv tn !)÷!% ldg]6 tn
vf]nfdf nu]/ lbp“;f] $ ah]lt/ uf]nL xfgL Ps} 7fp“df xTof u/\of] . ;]gfn] ufp“ 5f]8]kl5 b'O6} nf;
cfkm"x?n] lnPsf] ufp“n]x? atfp“5g\ . ToxL lbg ;]gfn] ;f]xL ufp“sf
lzIfs t]haxfb'/ e'h]nnfO{ klg ToxL vf]nfdf nu]/ xTof u/]sf] lyof] . csf{]
lbg & ut] lbp“;f] km"naf/L uflj;s} jf8 g+= ! sf !# jifL{o jfns ljBfyL{
nfO{ ;]gfn] t]/f] afa'nfO{ b]vf eGb} qm"/ oftgf lbg yfNof] . cGtdf
3/af6 cfwf306f k/ nu]/ tL jfnssf] xTof u/] .. ;f] xTofkl5 ufp“n]x? cfºgf
5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ :s"n k9fpg klg sd u/]sf] ;'gfp“5g\ . ;f]xL lbg o;d– $
sf 6+s s6'jfnnfO{ af6f]df lx+l8/x]sf] a]nf ;dftL ufp“b]lv s]xL k/ nuL af6f]d}
xTof ug]{ sfd ;]gfn] u¥of] .. :yfgLo hgtfx? /]l8of]n] le8Gtdf dfcf]jfbL
cft+ssf/L dfl/Psf] eg]sf] ;'Gbf crDd dfg]sf] atfp“5g\ . ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{
df/]/ …cft+ssf/LÚ df/]sf] eGg] of] ;/sf/nfO{ kmfNg} k5{ :yfgLo Ps a[4 cfqmf]a
kf]V5g\ . ;f]xL lbg 6f/ sf]6faf/LsL @! jifL{o sIff !) df k9\g] ljGbf
kf}8]nnfO{ ;]gfn] lbp“;f] Ps ah] 3/d} uf]nL xfgL df¥of] . ljGbf kf}8]nsL
xh'/ cfdf ?“b} of] ;Qfk|lt 3[0ff JoQm ug{'x'G5 . )%( c;f/ d} Psk'/ uflj;sf
t'n;L vltj8fnfO{ s'df/ tf]nfªhL;+u} ;f]n'v'Da' g]n]ahf/df Pp6f 3/df ;'lt/x]sf]
a]nf ;]gfn] uf]nL xfgL xTof u¥of] . )%( c;f]h !% ut] km"njf/L ^ sf
ls;fgx? ;]gfsf] cfqmd0fdf k/] . ;f] lbg ufp“ glhs} %)÷^) hgf ls;fgx?
l;+rfO s'nf] lgdf{0f ul//x]sf] 36gfdf k/]sf Ps ls;fg atfp“5g\ . pgsf
cg';f/ ;]gfn] Psflt/af6 3]/f xfn]/ uf]nL rnfP . ;a} ufp“lt/ k;] t/ ;f]xL
ufp“sf odnfn l3ld/]nfO{ s'nf] vlg/fv]s} a]nf uf]nL nfUof] . ;]gfn] uf]nL
nfu]/ 3fOt] ePsf l3ld/]nfO{ k'gM uf]nL xfg]/ xTof ul/Psf] lyof] .. ;f]xL
lbg km"naf/L ^ s} g/axfb'/ vqLnfO{ n]saf6 cfn' lsg]/ 3/ kms{b} ubf{
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ vfgf k'¥ofpg uPsf] eGb} uf]nL xfgL 3/ glhs} xTof u/]sf lyP .
)%( c;f/ & ut] kf]snL dGh' uf}td / e'l;{¨f & sL ldgs'df/L kl/of/nfO{
/fjfxf]nL jf8 g+= % sf] ps 3/df vfgf vfO wf/fdf ef“8f dfHb} ubf{ ;]gfsf]
uf]nLaf6 xTof eof] . ;]gfn] 6f9}af6 uf]nL 3/lt/ rnfPsf] ;f] 3/sf a[4 af
atfp“5g\ .
)%( c;f/ * ut] ;]gfn] lhNnfel/ Jofks ;r{
cleofg rnfof] . ufp“–ufp“df x]lnsf]K6/af6 ;]gfx? v;flnof] . 7fp“
7fp“df xjfO cfqmd0f ul/of] . ;f] lbg kfsnL– & sf lqkfn tfdfª / nfndfof
tfdfªnfO{ ;]gfn] xTof u¥of] ..
pgLx? b'O{ >Ldfg–>LdtL x'g\ . ;f] lbg ;]gfn] ufp“ 3]/f xfn]/
dfcf]jfbL ge]6]kl5 cGtdf xjfO kmfo/ ub{} lx8]sf] lyof] t/ ;]gfsf] Ps u|'kn]
3/leq vfgf vfO/x]sf lkkn tfdfªsf] 3/df uf]nL xfGof] . s] eof] egL aflx/
x]g{ cfPsf lkknnfO{ ;]gfn] 9f]sfd} uf]nL xfg]/ 9fNof] . >Ldfgsf] ljeT;
xTof b]v]kl5 qmf]lwt x'“b} ;]gfnfO{ ufnL ub{} >LdfgnfO{ lsg df/]sf] elg/x]sL
nfndfofnfO{ klg ;]gfn] uf]nL xfg]/ 9fNof] . cGtdf pgs} ^÷& jifL{o ;fgL
5f]/LnfO{ klg 6fpsf]df uf]nL xfg]/ 3fOt] agfP/ ;]gf uof] . 3fOt] 5f]/Lsf]
Ps dlxgfkl5 d[To' eof] . ;f] 36gfsf] cl3Nnf] lbg & ut] lvlh kmnf6]
ahf/df ;]gfn] gf/fo0f ;'g'jf/sf] xTof u/]sf] lyof] . lbp“;f] kfgL
kl//x]sf] lyof] . ;]gf ahf/df cfP/ ;a}lt/ vfgtnf;L ub{} wDSofp“b} s'6lk6
ug{ yfNof] . cfºgf] 3/ glhs} lbbLsf] 3/df al;/x]sf o'jf gf/fo0fnfO{ ;]gfn]
af]nfof] . dfcf]jfbL sxf“ a:5g\ eg]/ ;f]Wof]– p;n] yfxf 5}g eg]kl5 lk6\g
yfNof]–gf/fo0f ;'gjf/sL lbbL ?“b} Tof] 36gfaf/] atfp“l5g\ . pgL ;f] lbg
;]gfn] cfkm"nfO{ ckzAb af]nb} wDSofPsf] / 3/ vfgtnf;L u/]sf]
atfp“l5g\ . ;]gfn] s]xL ;dod} lk6\b}lk6\b} 3/b]lv cln k/ nu]/ gf/fo0f
;'gjf/sf] 5ftLdf uf]nL xfGof] . To;kl5 ahf/ :tAw eof] . 3/sf ;a}
kl/jf/x? ?g yfn] . /ftL uP/ efOsf] nf; 3/df NofPsf] lbbL atfp“l5g .
pgsf bfO{ g]sf k|hftflGqssf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|lbk ;'g'jf/ x'g\ . ;f]xL lbg
;]gfn] lvhLsftLsf /fdaxfb'/ ldemf/nfO{ xTof u/]sf] lyof] . ;fwf/0f ls;fg
Pdaxfb'/ v]tsf] sfddf 3/af6 lg:sg] ljlQs} xltof/wf/L ;]gfsf] x'n b]v]kl5 3/leq}
k;] . t/ ;]gfn] 6f9}af6 uf]nL rnfP/ pgsf] ToxL xTof u/]sf] k|ToIfbzL{x?
atfp“5g\ . )%( j}zfv !@ ut] /fd]5fk efhL– ! sf g]q >]i7nfO{
kqmfpkZrft\ /;gfn' ufh; l8sLyfgdf
;]gfn] xTof u¥of] . pgL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ lyP . To;}u/L )%* r}q @(
ut] /fd]5fk eflh–! sL ^% jifL{o dlxnf 5'sL z]kf{nfO{ xTof u¥of] lvDtLaf6 a]tfnL
x“'b} dfcf]jfbL vf]Hb} cfPsf] ;]gfn] ljxfg ^ ah]lt/ 3/leq al;/x]sL a[4f
dlxnfnfO{ aflx/ af]nfP/ uf]nL xfgL xTof u/]sf] :yfgLo ufp“n]x? atfp“5g\ .
)%( sflt{sdf cf}+;Lsf] lbg cf]vn9'+uf ;b/d'sfdaf6 cfPsf] sl/a @)) ;+Vofsf]
;]gfn] 6f/L s]/faf/L * / ( g+ j8fnfO{ /fte/ 3]/f xfn]/ ufp“d} a;] . /flt
PSsf;L rf/}lt/af6 uf]nL rNg yfNof] . ufp“n]x? ql;t eP . /ftel/ To;/L
g} uf]nL rln/x\of] . ;f] /ft ;]gfsf] uf]nLaf6 df]xgl;+x /f]Ssf 3/
k"0f{?kdf eTs]sf] s'/f kf]Vb} eG5g\– …;]gfn] cfkm"cfkm"d}
xfgfxfg u/]sf x'g\ .Ú ;f] /ft pgsf] Ps ufO{ klg ;]gfn] dfl/lbof] .
b'uf{ kf}8]nsf] Ps afv|f], pdf lji6sf] Ps ufO{ / uf]laGb kf}8]nsf] ufO{nfO{
uf]nL xfgL df/]sf] pgLx?n] atfP .
/fte/ ufp“n]nfO{ cft+lst kf/]sf] ;]gfn]
cfºgf] pRr clwsf/LnfO{ dfcf]jfbL;“u le8Gt ePsf] b]vfpg laxfg v]tsf ;Dk"0f{
wfgx? gi6 u/]sf] :yfgLo k|ToIfbzL{x? atfp“5g\ . pgLx?sf cg';f/ ;f] lbg
;]gfs} Pp6f ;]G6«Ln] ld;kmfo/ eP/ Ps /fp08 uf]nL rn]kl5 rf/}lt/ a;]sf
;]G6«Lx?n] uf]nL Ps} ;fy rnfPsf lyP . kl5 cfk;df xfgfxfg klg u/]sf
lyP . xfgfxfgdf rnaxfb'/ gfd u/]sf] Ps ;]gf d/]sf] ufp“n]x?
atfp“5g\ . ef]lnkN6 $ k6s x]lnsf]K6/df ;]gfnfO{ nluPsf] lyof] . /fte/
uf]nL rnfPsf] x'“bf clxn] klg To; jl/kl/sf 3/x? Kjf“n} Kjfn k/]sf 5g\ . 9f]sf
km'6]sf] b]lvG5 . ufp“sf ** aifL{o wgaxfb'/ kf}8]n 3/af6 lgsfnL s'6lk6
u/]/ t]/f] 5f]/f sxf“ 5 eGb} /fte/ vfnL :s"ndf /fv]/ oftgf lbPsf]
atfp“5g\ . pgsf 5f]/f 8f]/axfb'/ kf}8]n ufh;k|d'v lyP . pgnfO{ ;]gfn]
sf7df8f}df lu/ºtf/ u/]/ eb|uf]n h]ndf /fv]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 uPsf] ;]gfn]
kf]snL @ /fd]Zj/ >]i7sf] 3/df sfd u/]/ a:g] b'O hgf nf6fnfO{ gaf]n]/ gSsn
u/]sf] eGb} d/0ff;Gg x'g]u/L s'6lk6 u/]/ x]lnsf]K6/df /fv]/ a]kQf kf¥of] .
;]gfn] /fd]Zj/ >]i7sf] 3/df lhn]l6g lj:kmf]6 u/]/ k"0f{ Wj:t agfPsf]
ufp“n]x? atfp5g\ . ufp“n]x?sf cg';f/ >]i7 ufp“sf ;fdGt x'g\ .
)%* d+l;/ @& df s'Ole/ df=lj= cf]vn9'+uf
k|=c= rqm s6'jfnnfO{ ;]gfn] ;b/d'sfdaf6} lu/ºtf/ u/L xfn;Dd a]kQf kf/]sf]
5 . pgnfO{ lhNnf lzIff sfof{nodf ljBfnosf] sfddf ;b/d'sfd uPsf] a]nf
;f]wk'5sf] lglDt eg]/ sfo{noaf6} ;]gfn] nu]sf] pgsf kl/jf/ atfpg' x'G5 .
xfn;Dd klg pxf“sf] l:ylt yfxf x'g g;s]kl5 ;a} dfgjclwsf/ ;+3;+:yfdf cg'/f]y
u/]sf] rf/}lt/ vf]h u/]klg s]xL yfxf kfpg g;s]sf] cf;" aufp“b} pgsf kl/jf/
atfpg'x'G5 . To;}u/L ;]gfn] /fgLjg & sf lzIfs bLks sfsL{ / ufDtfª6f/ (
sf ;fj{hlgs jg pkef]Qmf ;ldltsf ;lrj eLd yfkfnfO{ jg sfof{nosf] uf]i7Ldf
;b/d'sfd uPsf] a]nf uf]i7L :ynaf6 lu/ºtf/ u/L clxn] ;Dd a]kQf kf/]sf] 5 .
;f]xL d+l;/ !& ut] ebf}/] ufh; k|d'v lxdfn sfsL{ / 7"nf5fk ufh;
pkk|d'v zDe' s6'jfn, k|r08 s6'jfnnfO{ cfºgf] sfddf pbok'/ s6f/L hfgnfUbf 3'dL{
ahf/df a;af6 lu/ºtf/ u/L xfn;Dd a]kQf kfl/Psf] ufp“n] atfp5g\ .
)%* k'; ! ut] xs{k'/sf 7fs'/axfb'/ vqL, bLks
sfsL{ / eLd s6'jfnnfO{ ;]gfn] 3/af6} lu/ºtf/ u/L a]kQf kf¥of] . pgsL
kl/jf/ Jofks vf]hLkl5 6+saxfb'/ vqL /fhlj/fh sf/fuf/df ePsf] yfxf kfP/ e]6]sf]
atfp“l5g\ . ;]gfn] ufp“df cfP/ lk6\b} 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ wDSofpb} lx8]sf] pgL
atfpl5g\ . xs{k'/s} s'n axfb'/ vqLnfO{ klg ;f]xL h]ndf /flvPsf] 5 . To;}u/L
)%* sflt{sdf 7"nf5fksf l6sf ;'j]bLnfO{ 5f]/f5f]/L dfcf]jfbL ePsf] cf/f]kdf
lgd{d oftgf lbO{ lu/ºtf/ ul/of] . pxf“nfO{ clxn] cf]vn9'+uf sf/fuf/df
/fv]sf] pgsf kl/jf/x? atfp“5g\ . To:t} 7"nf5fks} Clif/fd e§/fO{nfO{
;f]xL sflt{sdf lu/ºtf/ u/L ;f]xL sf/uf/df /fvlPsf] 5 . xfn cf]vn9'+uf
sf/fuf/df )%( sflt{sdf lu/ºtf/ ul/Psf /fd]5fk ;}k'sf b'uf{ ;'g'jf/ / /fd]
kf}8]n ;lxt $ hgf x'g'x'G5 . pxf“ b'j}nfO{ ;]gfn] o'4lj/fd kl5 dfq h]n
rnfg u/]sf] xf] .
;f]n'v'Da'df klg ;]gfn] ;+s6sfndf hgtfsf]
ljeT; xTof–>[+vnf rnfPsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . ;+s6sfn ;'? ePs} lbg cyf{t )%*
d+l;/ !! ut] ;b/d'sfd ;Nn]/L 3/ ePsL !$ jifL{o aflnsf 8tL z]kf{nfO{ 3/ glhs}
/x]sf] xf]6]ndf b'w k'¥ofpg hf“bf ljxfg} ;]gfn] uf]nL xfg]/ xTof u/]sf]
kfl/jfl/s ;b:ox? atfp5g\ .
;]gfsf] u:tLn] ufp“ ufp“df lbgbxf8} hgtfsf] sTn]cfd z'?
u¥of] . ;f] qmddf )%* k'; ( ut] ;f]n'v'Da' h'e'–% df k'u]sf] ;]gfn] cfºg}
3/df al;/x]sf e"k" ;]gf lbks jgnfO{ aflx/ lgsfnL 3/b]lv s]xL k/ nuL
xTof u¥of] .. ;f] lbg ;]gfn] ufp“el/ vfgtnf;L ub{} ufp“n]x?nfO{ s'6lk6
ub{} lx+8]sf] ;f]xL ufp“sf Ps lzIfs atfp“5g\ . To; lbg !$÷!% hgf ufp“n]x?
;]gfsf] oftgfaf6 ;Vt 3fOt] ePsf lyP . To;sf] ef]lnkN6 k~rg uflj; k'u]sf]
;]gfn] cfºg} k;ndf al;/x]sf r'8f bfxfnnfO{ dfcf]jfbL stf 5g\ eGb} lk6]/ yfN5g\
jf8 g+= ! eHofªsf] ;]g ufp“df 3/ 3/df 5fkf df/]/ cGo ufp“n]x?nfO{ klg s'6lk6
u5{g\ . c? o'jf dfG5]x? sf]xL ge]6]kl5 ;]gfn] ljBfyL{ lbg]z k/fh'nL /
Jofkf/L r'8fdl0f bfxfnnfO{ ufp“b]lv cln k/ nuL uf]nL xfg]/ xTof u/]sf] pgsf
kl/jf/x? atfp“5g\ . Jofkf/L bfxfnnfO{ ;]gfn] To;eGbf cufl8 ;b/d'sfd
af]nfO{ tf/]vdf /fv]sf] lyof] . ;f] lbg klg pgsf] tfl/v lyof] t/ laxfg}
cfP/ ;]gfn] xTof u¥of] . pgsf] kl/jf/ b'MvLt x'“b} 36gf ;'gfp“5g\ .
;]gfn] cl3Nnf] lbg h'e'df uf]kfn lu/Lsf] 3/df cfuf] nufP/ ;Dk"0f{ ;fdfgx?
hnfOlbPsf] lyof] eg] ;f] lbg k+rg uflj; cWoIf s[i0f l;6f}nfsf] 3/df cfuf] klg
nufof] .. ToxL !$ ut] 6fD6Lª uflj; # sf km"jf{ z]kf{nfO{ uf]nL xfgL
xTof u¥of] . pgL ;f] lbg ljjfxsf] ef/L af]s]/ uf]/fdf uPsf] ufp“n]n]
atfP . cl3Nnf] /ftel/ lsg cfuf] afn]sf eGb} laxfg cfOk'u]sf] ;]gfn]
ljjfxdf ;xefuL cGo dfG5]x?nfO{ s'6lk6 u¥of] . 3/ leqaf6 9f]sfdf cfPsf
km'jf{nfO{ ;]gfn] uf]nL xfgL ToxL 9fn]sf] ufp“n]x?n] hgfb]znfO{ atfP .
Tof] lbg Toxf“ ePsf ;a}nfO{ ;Vt s'6lk6 u/L tf/]vdf cfpg afWo kf/]sf] 6fD6Lª
uflj; k"j{ pkfWoIf atfp“5g\ . ;]gfn] cfkm"nfO{ klg ;Vt 3fOt]
agfPsf] pgL atfp“l5g\ .
ufp““n]sf
cg';f/ )%( c;f/ % ut] sf“u]n Pc/kf]6{df sfd ul//x]sf h;axfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ g]n]
ahf/df ;]gfn] sAhf u/L xTof u¥of] . ToxL lbg ;]gfn] s'df/ tf]nfªhL /
t'n;L/fd vltj8fnfO{ klg ahf/df uf]nL xfgL xTof u¥of] .. hgxTofsf]
>[+vnf ;]gfn] a9fp“b} hf“bf sflt{sdf % hgfsf] xTof u¥of] . ;f]n' a'ªsf
pQ/ s'df/ /fO{ / lht]Gb| /fOnfO{ sflt{s % ut] xTof u/] eg] u'b]n wgL s'df/L
/fO{, lªdf z]kf{ / ;'/]Gb| /fO{sf] ;]gfn] sAhfdf lnO{ xTof u/]sf] k|ToIfbzL{x?
atfp“5g\ .
k|ToIfbzL{sf
cg';f/ )%( sflt{s !$ ut] cf]vn9'+uf / ;f]n'v'Da'sf] l;dfgf u}/Ldf ;]gfn]
ls/fd'df]sL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o r]ts'df/L /fO / ;~hLj /fO{sf] xTof u¥of] . ;f]
laxfg Pp6f k;ndf a;]/ lrof vfO/x]sf] a]nf cfPsf] ;]gfn] 3]/]kl5 3]/f tf]8\g]
qmddf v'§fdf uf]nL nfu]kl5 sAhfdf lnO{ ;]gfn] r]ts /fO{nfO{ df/]sf]
lyof] . xf]6nsL Ps lbbLsf cg';f/ r]ts /fO{n] w]/}a]/;Dd hgo'4 lhGbfjfbsf
gf/f nufO/x]sL lyOg\ . hltk6s gf/f nufp“b} hfG5g\ Tolt g} uf]nL pgsf]
z/L/df xflgPsf] lyof] .. kl5 ;]gfn] xf]6ndf cfP/ To; xf]6nsL lbbLnfO{
lgd{d oftgf lbPsf] kLl8tn] atfOg\ .
k';
!% ut] ;]gfn] g]rf uflj;df ;r{ ck|];g rnfof] . ufp“sf dfG5]x?nfO{ wDSofp“b}
s'6lk6 ub{} lx+8\of] . ;f]xL lbg zxLb g/gfy k|f=lj=sL lzlIfsf ldgs'df/L
/fjtnfO{ ;]gfn] :s"naf6} xft 8f]/Ln] af“w]/ lxdfn bz{g df=lj=df Nofof] /
Toxf“ csL{ lzlIfsf uf]df 9'+u]n;“u} cf“vfdf k§L af“w]/ x]lnsf]K6/df c1ft
7fp“lt/ nu]sf] kLl8t ldgf atfp“l5g\ . hgfb]z;“u s'/f ub{} elG5g\ ;]gfn]
cfkm"nfO{ %* lbg;Dd lx/f;tdf /fVof] . ;]gfk|lt 3[0ff / cfqmf]z JoQm
ub{} pgn] elgg\–;]gfn] t]/f] bfO sxf“ 5, ufp“df dfcf]jfbL sxf“–sxf“ a:5g\ eg]/
dnfO{ rsf{] oftgf lbof] . ;f]xL lbg lxdfn bz{g df=lj=sf lzIfs, ljBfyL{,
k|=c= dl0fs'df/ >]i7, s'df/dl0f km'“ofn, /f]lxt af:tf]nf, ldgaxfb'/ /fO{,
l8NnL s§]n nufotnfO{ x]lnsf]K6/df /fvL oftgf lb+b} nu]sf] pQm :s"nsf lzIfsx? atfp“5g\ .
pgLx?nfO{ # dlxgf;Dd a]kQf kf/L kl5 5fl8Psf] lyof] . To:t} ;f]n'–;Nofg
;+:s[t df=lj=sf lzIfsx?n] hgfb]z;“u s'/f ub{} ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf k6s k6s ;]gfn]
ljBfnod} cfP/ lzIfs / gof“ ljBfyL{nfO{ s'6lk6 u/]sf] atfP .
)%(
sflt{s & ut] ;f]n' g]6fsf e/t /fjtnfO{ ;Nn]/Laf6 uPsf] ;]gfn] 3]/fxfnL
h'e'sf] Ps k;nleq} a;]s} cj:yfdf w]/} /fp08 uf]nL rnfP/ xTof u¥of] . e/t
/fjt -s= s';'d_ ;f]n'df :yflkt g]tf ePsf] Toxf“sf hgtfx? atfp“5g\ .. o;kl5
h'e' ahf/sf ;a} k;n]x?nfO{ af]nfP/ ;]gfn] s'6lk6 u/]sf] ;f]xL 7fp“sf Ps k;n]
atfp“5g\ .
)%( d+l;/ !# ut] /fd]5fk nfKrfg] ufh; k|d'v k'ik tfdfª, ufh; pkk|d'v k|sfz ;'g'jf/ / ltns e'h]nnfO{ 3]/fxfnL nfKrfg]d} ;fd"lxs xTof u/]sf] ufp“n]n] atfP .
afFs]÷ zfxL ;]gf / ;z:q k|x/Lsf] Ps ;+o'Qm hTyfn] ufpFdf k|j]z u/L ufpFsf]
hghLjg cftª\lst agfpg] sfo{ u/]sf] 5 .
afFs]sf] dxfb]jk'/L uf=lj=;=sf] 9s]/L
p8\ofg ufpFsf @@ j6f 3/x?df h]i7 * ut] /ftL vfgtnf;L ug'{sf] ;fy} ufpFn]
hgtfnfO{ xKsLbKsL u/L t;f{Psf] kLl8tx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . o;/L ufpFdf 7f8f]
;}Go x:tIfk u/L zfxL ;]gf / ;–z:q k|x/Låf/f cfrf/;+lxtfsf] 7f8f] pNnª\3g ug]{
sfo{ ePsf] 5 .
o;}u/L h]i7 * ut] sDbL uf=lj=;= jf8{
g++= ( df 3/ eO{ g]kfnu~h k|x/L tflnd s]Gb|df sfo{/t k|x/L hjfg rf]knfn bdfO{n]
;f]xL ufpFsL Ps blnt dlxnfnfO{ hah{:tL ;dftL anfTsf/ u/]kl5 lgh bdfO{nfO{
36gf:ynaf6 kqmfp u/L :yfgLo hg;d'bfox?n] sfnf] df];f], h'Qfsf] dfnf nufO{ ufpF
kl/qmdf u/L hgsf/jfxL u/]sf 5g\ . lgh bdfO{n] o;eGbf cl3 klg k6s–k6s
s}of}sf] OHht n'6\g] / k|x/Lsf] gfddf 8/–wfs lb+b} :yfgLojfl;Gbfx?nfO{ b'Mv
lbg] u/]sf] kLl8tx?n] atfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .
/f]NkfnLx? zflGt / k|ult rfxG5g\
lnjfª÷ !& jifL{of afnls/0f :yfgLo
:s"ndf cWoog uy]{ . k9fO 7Ls} lyof] / pgL cWoog hf/L /fVg
rfxGy] . k|x/Ln] # jif{cl3 pgsf] sfsf dfcf]jfbL hgo'4df lx+8]sf] cf/f]kdf
pgnfO{ lu/km\tf/ u¥of] / lk6]/ 5fl8lbof] . t}klg pgL :s"n uO/x] /
cWoog hf/L /fv] . 8]9 jif{cl3 o'4lj/fd e¨ ePkl5 ;]gfn] lu/km\tf/ u/]/
pgnfO{ d/0ffzGg x'g] u/L lk6\of] / s]xL lbgkl5 5fl8lbof] . l/xf ePkl5 pgL
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4df nfu] . pgL;“u ls ljTyfsf] d[To' /f]Hg' kg]{ lyof] ls
hgo'4sf] k"0f{sfnLg ;b:o . pgnfO{ lhNnf 5f]8]/ ljb]z k:g] ;f]r cfPg /
ljut 8]9 jif{b]lv pgL clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ ePsf
5g\ . ;ª\s6sfndf ;]gfn] lu/km\tf/ u/]sf] Pp6f k|;¨ ;'gfp“b} pgL eG5g\,
…;]gfn] dnfO{ Psk6s lu/km\tf/ u¥of] . klxnf] u|'kn] ;f]wk'5 u/]/
5f]l8lbof] / cufl8 a9\bfga9\b} csf]{ u|'kn] /f]lsg eGof] . d tnlt/
xfdkmfn]+ . ;]gfn] kmfo/ u¥of] . laxfg lem;ld;] x'g yfNb}
lyof] . d pDs]/ kfl/kl§ k'u]+ .. ;]gfn] lbgel/ ;r{ u¥of] . s]xL
gkfPkl5 v]tdf sfd ul//x]sf Ps ls;fgnfO{ uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/of] . d}n]
kfl/kl§ uP/ ;a} s'/f x]/]+ . ;ª\s6sfndf d rf/–kf“rk6s pDs]/ aRg ;kmn
eP“ .Ú pgL o'4lj/fd;“u} zflGtjftf{k|lt klg v'zL 5g\ . zflGtk"0f{
?kdf lgsf; lg:s]df g} pQd x'g] pgsf] ljrf/ 5 .
To;f] t clwsf+z /f]NkfnLx?
zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf lgsf; lg:s]df /fd|f] x'g] atfp“5g\ . /fª\;Lsf
uf}axfb'/ jnL lnjfª\sf] ^ ut]sf] sfo{qmddf ;xefuL eP . pgnfO{
jftf{–k|lqmof s] eO/x]sf] 5 / ;dfwfg lg:sG5 ls lg:s“b}g To; af/]df 7"nf]
rf;f] 5 . …;b/d'sfddf sfo{qmd x'g] s'/f] yfxf kfP“ . dfcf]jfbLsf
7"nf g]tf cfpg] ePkl5 gof“ s] s'/f 5g\ eg]/ ;'Gg cfPsf] .Ú
;ª\s6sfnkl5 klxnf]k6s lnjfª cfPsf] k|;¨ pNn]v ub}{ jnLn] eg] . pgn]
;ª\s6sfndf kfPsf] x08/ / 7Ss/sf af/]df kL8fbfos ljut sf]6\ofP / zflGtk"0f{
jftf{n] lgsf; lgsfn] hgtfn] ;'v kfpg] atfp“5g\ .
lnjfªsf] sfo{qmddf dlxnfx?sf] ;d]t clws
pkl:ylt /x\of] . /f]NkfnL dlxnfx? ;d]t jftf{af6} /fd|f] ePdf cfkm"x?
v'zL x'g] atfp“5g\ . h]njfªsL sdf{s'df/L /f]Ssf ;/sf/L bdg, anfTsf/ /
xTofaf6 l;¨f] /f]Nkfsf dlxnfx? kLl8t ePsf] atfp“l5g\ . …zflGt eg]/ dfq
x'“b}g, ljsf; x'g'k¥of] . hgtfsf] clwsf/ /fv]/ gof“ ;+ljwfg aGg'k¥of] /
ljsf; x'g'k¥of]Ú pgL jftf{k|lt cfzfjfbL x'“b} elG5g\ .
To;f] t /f]NkfnLx? zflGt s;/L x'G5
eGg]df :ki6 b]lvG5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] cufl8 ;f/]sf Ph]08fx?k|lt cfkm\gf]
;xdlt hgfp“5g\ / gof“ ;+ljwfg gag];Dd dfcf]jfbLn] xltof/ a'emfP klg zflGt gx'g]
ts{ /fV5g\ . …xltof/ a'emfPkl5 t ;a} l;l4xfNof] lg, s] sf] jftf{ x'g' lg,
zflGt t czflGt x'g] s'/fx? ;dfwfg ePkl5 kf] x'G5 .Ú hª\sf]6sf lrqaxfb'/
jnLsf] dt 5 . zflGt x'g gof“ ;+ljwfg g} aGg'kg]{ pgL lhls/ u5{g\ .
t/ o'4lj/fdsf] rf/ dlxgf / zflGtjftf{sf]
bf];|f] r/0f;Dd cfOk'Ubf zflGtk"0f{ ?kdf lgsf; lg:sg] ljZjf; lj:tf/}
lvO“b}5 . h]7 % ut] ;]gf lnjfªaf6 !%÷@) ls=dL= 6f9f sf]6ufp“ uP/ vfgtnf;L
lng], xltof/ sAhf u/]sf] / hgtfnfO{ lk6]sf] /f]Nkf lhNnf hg;/sf/ k|d'v
gGbaxfb'/ a'9f atfpg'x'G5 . pxf“ ;]gfsf lqmofsnfksf sf/0f /f]NkfnL hgtf
Pjd\ cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] ;d]t zflGtjftf{ ;kmn x'g] s'/fdf z+sf pAhg yfn]sf]
atfpg'x'G5 . To:t} sfo{qmdsf] lbg ;]gfn] ;ftbf]af6fd]f h'n';nfO{ cj/f]w
u/]sf], t;f{Psf] / h'n';sf aLr–aLrdf k;]/ wDSofPsf] klg pxf“ atfpg'x'G5 .
cGo /f]NkfnL hgtfnfO{ klg zflGtjftf{
;kmn x'g] s'/fdf z+sf pAhg yfn]sf] 5 . u}/Lufp“sf k"0f{axfb'/ 3tL{
;]gfsf lqmofsnfkaf6 ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g] s'/fdf z+sf ub}{ eGg'x'G5, …v} † klxnf t
xf]nfh:tf] nfu]sf] lyof], lj:tf/} ca lau|]nfh:tf] kf] nfUg yfn]sf] 5 .Ú
t/ clwsf+z /f]NkfnLx? lgsf; lg:s]sf]
x]g{ nfnflot 5g\ . !& jifL{of lszf]/ afnls/0f em}+ ;a}sf] dt zflGt
:yfkgf xf];\ / ljsf; xf];\ eGg] g} /x]sf] 5 . /f]NkfnLx?sf cg'xf/df
zflGtk|ltsf] 7"nf] cfzf 5 / cfkm\gf clwsf/x?sf] axfnL / cfkm\gf] efUosf]
km};nf cfkm} ug{ kfpg'kg]{, gof“ ;+ljwfg agfpg] nIok|lt 7"nf] k|lta4tf
5 .
ljzfn hg;efnfO{ s= jfbnåf/f ;Daf]wg
lnjfª÷ hgkl/rfng ;ldlt, /f]Nkfsf]
cfof]hgfdf h]7 ^ ut] /f]Nkfsf] ;b/d'sfd lnjfªdf cfof]lht hg;efnfO{ g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o Pjd\ dfcf]jfbL jftf{6f]nL ;b:o /fdaxfb'/ yfkf
-jfbn_ n] ;Daf]wg ug'{eof] . hgo'4sf] tof/Lsf a]nfdf /f]Nkfdf ;d]t ;lqmo
x'g'ePsf s= jfbn lnjfªdf cfof]lht bzf}+ xhf/sf] hgdfg;nfO{ ;Daf]wg ubf{ efj's
x'g'eof] / ljhosf] em08f Pslbg cjZo kmx/fpg] k|lta4tf JoQm ug'{eof] ..
cfkm\gf] ;Daf]wgsf] k"jf{4{df
/f]Nkfdf cfkm"n] !* jif{ cufl8 kfOnf 6]s]sf] / hgo'4sf] tof/Ldf /f]NkfnL
ufp“j:tLdf 3'd]sf] / /f]NkfnL jL/ / ;fx;L hgtfx?;“u sfd u/]sf] ljut :d/0f
ug'{eof] . ;ft jif{sf] cf“wLdo hgo'4kl5 lnjfªdf cfof]lht cfd;efnfO{ rdTsf/
atfp“b} cufl8 eGg'eof] …xfdLx? c? yk / cem a];L rdTsf/x?sf 9f]sf vf]Ng oxf“
cfPsf 5f}+ .Ú hLjg / d[To'nfO{ /f]NkfnL hgtfn] gof“ kl/efiff;lxt a'em]sf]
pNn]v ub}{ af“Rbf klg ?g' kg]{ / dbf{ klg ?g' kg]{ lgoltsf lj?4 af“Rbf klg
xf“;]/ af“Rg] / dbf{ klg xf“;]/ dg]{ gof“ Oltxf; :yflkt ePsf] atfpg'eof] .
jftf{–k|;+usf af/]df ePsf k|ult /
l:yltsf af/]df ;d]t pxf“n] /f]NkfnL hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'eof] . cfkm\gf]
kf6L{n] w]/} ;docufl8b]lv zflGtk"0f{ jftf{åf/f /fhg}lts lgsf;sf nflu
k|:tfj u/] klg k'/fgf] ;QfkIf w]/} ;dokl5 dfq tof/ ePsf] / b'O{ r/0fsf]
jftf{;Dd cfOk'Ubf jftf{ cufl8 a9fpg k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ sfdx? dfq ePsf]
hfgsf/L lb+b} eGg'eof]– …k'/fgf] ;QfkIf cem} /fhg}lts Ph]08fdf k|j]z ug{ tof/
ePsf] 5}g .Ú pxf“n] jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf klg k'/fgf] ;QfkIf xfl//x]sf] atfp“b}
To;sf] nIo0f Jojxf/df b]lvg yfln;s]sf] atfpg'eof] . v]ndf s'g} Ps kIf xfg{
yfNof] eg] em]nL ug{ yfNg] / p;nfO{ ;r]t u/fpg /]k|mLn] Psk6s kx]+nf] sf8{ /
To;kl5 klg gdfg]df v]naf6 lgisfzg ul/lbg] pbfx/0f pNn]v ub}{ eGg'eof]– …k'/fgf]
;QfkIf 6]a'ndf xf/]kl5 cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g ug{ yfn]sf] 5, t/ p;nfO{ hgtfn] Psk6s
r]tfjgL lbg] / cem} klg gdfg] Oltxf;sf] v]naf6 lgisfzg ul/lbg]5g\ .Ú
pxf“n] cd]l/sf jftf{ ef“8\g k|ToIf ;lqmo ePsf] atfp“b} gof“ xltof/ 5 eGb}
zflGtjftf{ ef“8\g] sf]lzif gug{ k'/fgf] ;QfkIfnfO{ r]tfjgL lbg'eof] . e?jf
aGb'sn] y|L–g6–y|L vf];]sf] / Pjd\ l/tn] *! Pd=Pd= / /s]6 n~r/x? sAhf ul/Psf]
pbfx/0f lb+b} Pd– !^ /fOkmn af]s]/ ufp“ 3'Db} hgtfnfO{ cft+lst kfg]{x?nfO{
Oltxf; ge'Ng r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .
gof“ ;+ljwfgsf cGt/j:t'nfO{ ;lj:tf/
JofVof ub}{ pxf“n] uf]nd]r ;dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\
gof“ ;+ljwfg agfpg tLgj6} /fhg}lts zlQmx? Ps 7fp“df a;]/ 5nkmn ug'{kg]{ atfpg'eof] .
cfkm\gf /fhg}lts Ph]08fx?df k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] s'g} k|ltlqmof hgfO{ g;s]sf]
atfp“b} ;+ljwfg;ef gof“ hgjfbL Joj:yfsf nflu n8]sf dfcf]jfbLsf] dfu geP/
a'h'{jf k|hftGqjfbLx?sf] dfu ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ eGg'eof]– …hgtfnfO{ cfkm\gf]
efUo, clwsf/ / st{Josf] km};nf ug{ lbg] k|lqmofk|lt s;}nfO{ cfklQ lsg x'g'k¥of]
<Ú
jftf{åf/f /fhg}lts lgsf; lgsfNg]
k|lqmofdf cfkm\gf] kf6L{ uDeL/tfk"j{s nflu/x]sf] atfp“b} csf]{kIfn] jftf{
ef“8]df lg0ff{os o'4df hfg] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] hgtfsf] hLt cjZo x'g]
s'/fdf ljZjf; JoQm ug'{eof] . /f]NkfnLx?nfO{ hgo'4nfO{ cfhsf] kl/l:ylt;Dd
NofOk'¥ofpg v]n]sf] e"ldsfk|lt xflb{s wGojfb JoQm ub}{ eGg'eof], …jftf{
ef“l8Pdf / o'4 yf]kl/Pdf xfdL csf]{k6s sf7df8f}+df ljhosf] em08f kmx/fp“b},
gfRb}, ufp“b} e]6 ug]{5f}+, ljhof]T;j dgfpg]5f}+ .Ú
sfo{qmdnfO{ ljleGg hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf
g]tfx?n] ;d]t ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ du/f“t
d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf ;Gtf]if a'9f du/n] eGg'eof]– …/f]Nkf, ?s'dnufotsf
7fp“sf ;f]emf–;Lwf du/x?dfly ePsf] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf zf]if0fx? / ;a} k|sf/sf bdgsf
lj?4 ;ft jif{;Dd du/x?n] cfkm\gf] clwsf/sf lgldQ n8]sf x'g\ / ha;Dd du/x?n]
cfkm\gf] clwsf/ k|fKt ub}{gg\ ta;Dd du/x? nl8/xG5g\ .Ú
sfo{qmdsf csf{ jQmf yf?jfg d'lQm
df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf /fdr/0f rf}w/Ln] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ qmddf
eGg'eof]– …yf? hfltsf] d'lQm / hftLo cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ k|fKt ug{ yf?jfg
d'lQm df]rf{ lg/Gt/ nl8/x]sf] 5 . ;ft jif{sf] hgtfsf] o'4df yf?x?n] ;fx; /
jL/tfsf] ;jf]{Rr sLlt{dfg v8f u/]/ hgo'4nfO{ of] p“rfO;Dd NofOk'¥ofPsf
5g\ .Ú clvn g]kfn dlxnf ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ /f]Nkf lhNnfsL cWoIf h'g's'df/L
a'9fn] hgo'4sf ;ft jif{x?df /f]NkfnL dlxnfx?n] cToGt 7"nf] ;fx;, jL/tf /
Tofu k|:t't u/]/ ;+;f/sf ;j{>]i7 dlxnfsf] ?kdf cfkm\gf] kl/ro agfPsf]
atfpg'eof] . sfo{qmddf csf{ cltly snfsf/ v'zL/fd kflv|gn] ul/vfg] / x'g]vfg]aLrdf
;ft jif{b]lv n8fO“ rln/x]sf] atfpg'eof] .. g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sL
;Gtf]ifL lj=s=n] k'/fgf] /fHo;Qfn] blntx?dfly u/]sf] bdgsf lj?4 cfkm\gf]
xltof/;lxt blntx?n] k|lt/f]w u/]sf] atfpg'eof] .
sfo{qmdsf ;efklt /f]Nkf lhNnf hg;/sf/
k|d'v gGbaxfb'/ a'9f x'g'x'GYof] eg] sfo{qmd ;~rfng /]zd k'gn] ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . lnjfªsf] :yfgLo 6'“l8v]ndf ePsf] pQm hg;efdf k|lt/f]w / hnhnf
;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n] /f]rs ;fª\lults sfo{qmdx? k|:t't ug'{ePsf]
lyof] . o;cl3 lnjfªsf rf/} gfsfx?af6 xhf/f}+sf] h'n'; ljleGg gf/fx? nufp“b}
sfo{qmd:yndf k|j]z u/]sf lyP . cfof]hs kIfn] sfo{qmddf cfPsf ;xefuLx?nfO{
;ftbf]af6f]df ;]gfn] /f]s]sf], t;f{Psf], sf]6ufp“df uP/ sfo{qmddf lx+8]sf
;xefuLsf] vfgtnf;L lng], xltof/ vf]:g] / cfkm\gf Ps sfo{stf{nfO{ lk6]sf] cf/f]k
nufPsf 5g\ .
rlr{t g]tf lrqgf/fo0f sxf“ 5g\ <
sf7df8f}+÷l;Gw'nL
lgjf;L o'jf jfdkGyL g]tf lrqgf/fo0f >]i7nfO{ ;nf{xLsf] xl/jgaf6 )%&
;fndf lu/km\tf/ u/]/ xfn;Dd a]kQf agfOPsf] 5 . lhNnfsf rlr{t g]tf >]i7
kf6L{ sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf ;nf{xL cfPsf avt k'/fgf] ;Qfsf k|x/Ln] ckx/0f u/]/ a]kQf
agfPsf] oltsf ;do x'“bf klg pxf“nfO{ k'/fgf] ;Qfn] ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf]df l;Gw'nLsf
hgtf cfqmf]lzt ePsf 5g\ . hgtfsf dfemdf clt nf]slk|o g]tf >]i7sf] gfd
;'Gg]lalQs} klg k'/fgf] ;Qfsf /Ifsx? t;{g] ub{y] . pxf“nfO{ b'Zdgn]
l;Gw'nLsf] :6flng eGg] ub{y] . l;Gw'nLjf;Lsf] dfu 5– …g]tf >]i7 sxf“
5g\ < k'/fgf] ;Qf pxf“nfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/ .Ú ))% ;fndf l;Gw'nLsf]
9'+u|]jf;df hlGdg'ePsf >]i7n] cf]vn9'¨fsf] ;f“3'6f/df #) ;fndf lzIf0f k]zf
u/]/ hgtfnfO{ cfhfbn] lnPsf] af6f]df lx+8\g k|]l/t ug'{ePsf] lyof] . To;kl5
pxf“n] )$# b]lv )$( ;Dd l;Gw'nLsf] a]n3f/Ldf lzIfs k]zfdf /x]/ lhNnfsf]
qmflGtsf/L cfGbf]ngnfO{ glhsaf6 ;xof]u ug'{eof] .
)$( ;fnb]lv kf6L{sf] k"0f{sfnLg
;b:o eP/ cfGbf]ngdf nfUg'ePsf >]i7 tTsfnLg ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
;d]t x'g'x'GYof] . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ k"jf{~rn pk–If]qLo Ao"/f]sf
;b:o /xg'ePsf >]i7nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug{ dfu ub}{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf]
jftf{6f]nLn] k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ a'emfPsf] ln:6df ;d]t pxfsf] gfd cu|:yfgdf
/flvPsf] 5 .
…k'/fgf] ;Qfn] pxf“nufot a]kQf
kfl/Psfx? ;a}sf] l:ylt tTsfn ;fj{hlgs ug'{k5{Ú !# dlxgf nfdf] h]n hLjgkl5 xfn}
dfq l/xf x'g'ePsf jfdkGyL g]tf >}i7sL >LdtL ;fljqL >]i7n] hgfb]z;“usf]
e]6df eGg'eof] .
pxf“n] a]kQf kfl/Psf g]tf–sfo{stf{sf]
;fj{hlgs k'/fgf] ;Qfn] gu/]df To;sf] hjfkm zf;sx?nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] lbg] klg atfpg'eof] .
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf] ;'?jftb]lv xfn;Dd ;QfkIfn] Psxhf/eGbf a9L dfcf]jfbL g]tf,
sfo{stf{ / ;dy{sx?nfO{ kqmfpkZrft\ a]kQf kf/]sf] / em08} & xhf/sf] xTof
ul/;s]sf] s'/f dfgjclwsf/ ;+3–;+:yfx?n] atfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ .
cem} xfd|f] t k/LIff x'g af“sL g} 5
– zlQm nD;fn
cl:t dfq h:tf] nfU5, lx;fa ubf{ s[i0f
;]g …OR5'sÚ ;“u klxnf] e]63f6 ePsf] klg !^ jif{ ljlt;s]5 . e]63f6 x'g'cl3
g} pxf“sf] gfd sfkmL dfqfdf ;'lg;s]sf] lyP“ . s]xL n]v]sf] klg x'“ .
lg/ª\s'z, bnljxLg k~rfotL Joj:yfsfndf lagf d'2f Pp6f ljBfyL{sf] x}l;otn] ;DejtM
;a}eGbf a9L ;do;Dd nuftf/ h]n a:g] JolQm pxf“ g} x'g'x'GYof] . Tof] a]nf
pxf“sf] l/xfOsf] lglDt b]z}el/ rsf]{ cfjfh p7\g] uYof]{ . To;}n] Toltv]/}
pxf“ :yflkt eO;Sg'ePsf] lyof] .
dnfO{ clxn] 7\ofSs} ltlyldlt t ;Demgf
ePg . @)$# ;fnlt/ x'g'k5{, pxf“ bfª h]naf6 5'6\g'ePsf] lyof] .
ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngdf h]n k/]sf s[i0f ;]g aflx/ cfp“bf;Dd t pxf“ Pp6f x'g]
lj?jfsf] lrNnf] kft eg] em}+ cfkm\gf k|ltef, z}nL, snf, ljDanfO{ cfsif{s ?kdf
k|:t't ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtfjfg\ cWoogstf{ / lrGtssf] ?kdf :yflkt eO;Sg'ePsf]
lyof] . aflx/ cfPkl5 klg pxf“n] ljBfyL{ /fhgLlt;“u} lg/Gt/ ?kdf snd
rnfO{/xg'eof] . /fhgLlt / sndsf] lg/Gt/tf g} pxf“sf] hLjgsf] vf; ljz]iftf
/x\of] .
)$$÷)$% ;fndf xfdLn] of]hgf
;fKtflxsnfO{ k'gM Jojl:yt 9+un] rnfpg] of]hgf agfof}+ . Tolta]nf ;]gsf]
sndaf6 xfdL nf]lePsf lyof}+ . klqsfnfO{ cem :t/Lo agfpg ;]gnfO{ Nofpg'kg]{
;f]r xfdLn] agfof}+ / pxf“nfO{ sf7df8f}+ af]nfof}+ .. ;]g sf7df8f}+
cfpg'eof] . xf], Toltv]/ d]/f] pxf“;“u klxnf] e]6 ePsf] lyof] .
klqsfdf cf}krfl/s ?kn] hf]l8g gkfp“b} pxf“ sf7df8f}+af6 k'gM lu/km\tf/
x'g'eof] . s/La Ps jif{ km]l/ eb|uf]n h]ndf a:g'eof] . h]naf6 5'6]kl5
pxf“ ;/f;/ of]hgfsf] sfof{nodf cfpg'eof] . s]xL ;do xfdLn] ;“u} kqsfl/tf
u¥of}+ . Toltv]/ dx]Zj/ bfxfn klg klqsfdf ev{/ cfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
Tof] a]nf lg/ª\s'z k~rfotL Joj:yfsf]
clGtd–clGtd ;do lyof] . lgEg] a]nfsf] aQL h:t} k~rfotL zf;sx? v'a hdhdfPsf
lyP . cfkm\gf ljkIfdf cfpg] klqsfnfO{ ;]G;/zLksf] xltof/ nufOPsf]
lyof] .. klqsfsf Kof/fu|fkmsf Kof/fu|fkm ;]G;/af6 x6fP/ lj?k g}
agfOGYof] . klqsfdf k9\g] ;fdu|L kmflng] u/]sfn] klqsfsf] ljqmL
36\of] . lj1fkg kfOg] t s'/} cfPg . klqsfdf 7"nf] cfly{s ;+s6
k¥of] . d]/L kTgL s[i0ff nD;fnsf u/uxgf a}+sdf /flvof] . s}og\
;fyLx?n] klqsf lgoldt ug{ C0f, ;fk6L / ;xof]u ug'{eof] . t/ tTsfn xfdLn]
klqsfnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg ;s]gf}+ . klqsf aGb ug{kg]{ afWofTds l:ylt l;h{gf
ePkl5 xfdL l5GgleGg eof}+ .
s]xL dlxgfs} cGt/fndf ax'bnLo Joj:yfsf]
:yfkgf eof] . ljleGg /fhgLlts kf6L{, df]rf{ u7g–k'gu{7g eof] . o;}
qmddf ;]ghL klg gof“ e"ldsfsf ;fy b]vfkg'{eof] . tTsfnLg ;+o'Qm
hgdf]rf{ g]kfndf pxf“ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o aGg'eof] . pxf“sf] rfxgf n]vglt/ g}
ePsfn] )$(÷)%) ;fnlt/ hgfb]z ;fKtflxsdf sfd ug{ yfNg'eof] . Toltv]/ d
hgfb]zsf] ;Nnfxsf/ lyP“ .
aLrsf] s]xL ;doafx]s xfdLn] hgfb]zdf
;“u} kqsfl/tf u¥of}+ . klqsfdf dfq xf]Og clvn g]kfn hg;f“:s[lts ;+3df ;d]t
xfdL ;“u} /x\of}+ . clg :yfkgfsfnb]lv snd ;flxlTos klqsfdf ;Dkfbg / n]vg
ub}{ cfof}+ .. hgfb]z dfq xf]Og snd klqsfnfO{ ;'? u/]/ ljBdfg l:yltdf
k'¥ofpg ;]gsf] e"ldsf dxŒjk"0f{ 5 . To;f] t sndnfO{ dfly p7fpgdf
8f= Clif/fh a/fn, 3gZofd 9sfn, O{Zj/rGb| 1jfnL, tf/fsfGt kf08] nufotsf
;fyLx?sf] e"ldsf klg pNn]vgLo 5 .
clxn] xfdLnfO{ ;]gsf] cefj v6\s]sf]
5 . pxf“eGbf pd]/ / cg'ejn] d w]/} h]7f] 5' t/ deGbf pxf“ w]/} kl/kSj
x'g'eof] . lgZ5ntf, g}ltstf / g]t[Tj ug]{ Ifdtf pxf“sf] a]hf]8 g}
lyof] . pxf“sf] Tof] kIf l;Sg af“sL g} lyof] t/ xfd|f] OR5fn] dfq pxf“nfO{
hf]ufpg ;ls+bf]/x]g5 . ;+3if{df ;flxTosf/ Pjd\ kqsf/sf tkm{af6 /ut aufP/
pxf“n] cfTdTofusf] ;fxl;s gd"gf k|:t't ub}{ pRr sLlt{dfg sfod ug'{ePsf]
5 . of] xfdLnfO{ 7"nf] lzIff xf] . To;}n] ;]gk|lt
d]/f] c;Ld ;Ddfg / >4f 5 .
s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚ sf] JolQmTjaf6 8/fPsf sfo/x? xTofkl5 klg pxf“sf] gfd d]6\g sl:;P/ nfu]sf 5g\ . ca t pxf“ o'usf] cfjfh alg;Sg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf] gfd g s;}n] d]6\g ;S5 g pxf“ slxn] dg'{ g} x'g]5 .. lxhf] tfgfzfxL k~rfotL Joj:yfsf lj?4 ;“u} bfªsf] h]ndf a;]sf v'daxfb'/ v8\sfsf] u[xdGqLTjsfndf cyf{t\ ut ;fn dfq ;]gsf] k|x/Låf/f xTof eof] . clxn] v'daxfb'/sf] l:ylt s] 5, ;a}nfO{ yfx 5 . pgL af“r]/ d/]sf 5g\, t/ s[i0f ;]g d/]/ klg af“Rg'ePsf] 5 . ckdfg / 3[0ffdf af“Rg' eGbf t :jfledfgk"j{s d[To'j/0f ug'{ slt pRr x'G5 .
kqsfl/tf, ;flxlTos / ;f“:s[lts cleofgdf
;“u;“u} ;lqmo s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚ g]kfnL Oltxf;df kl/jt{g;“u cleGg ?kn] uf“l;Psf]
gfd xf] . ;fdGtjfb / ;fd|fHojfb lj?4 n8]/ Pp6f ;'Gb/ ;+;f/ lgdf{0f ug]{
pxf“sf] ;kgf lyof] .. ;kgf k"/f gx'“b} pxf“n] zxfbt k|fKt ug'{ePsf]
5 . ;]gsf] ;kgf k"/f ug]{ bfloTj af“Rg]x?sf] xf] . pxf“n] t Pp6f
c;n dfG5]sf] bfloTj k"/f u/]/ hfg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] ;'? u/]sf] ofqfdf
cem} xfd|f] t k/LIff x'g af“sL g} 5 .
ls;fgx?nfO{ hgo'4df nfUg cfx\jfg
g'jfsf]6÷clvn
g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf dxf;lrj lrqaxfb'/ >]i7n] k'/fgf] ;Qfaf6
lyrf]ldrf]df k/]sf ls;fgx?sf] d'lQm cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] cfGbf]ngaf6 x'g]
ePsf]n] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] hgo'4df nfda4 x'g ls;fgx?nfO{
cfx\jfg ug'{ePsf] 5 .
ls;fg g]tf >]i7n] ;f] s'/f
c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ g'jfsf]6–/;'jf–l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] k|yd lhNnf ;Dd]ngsf]
h]7 ( ut] g'jfsf]6sf] v/fgL6f/ ufh;sf] cd/Hof]lt df=lj=df pb\3f6g ub}{
atfpg'ePsf] xf] . pxf“n] /ftlbg sfd ug]{ ls;fgx? k'/fgf] ;Qfaf6 /fhgLlts,
cfly{s / ;f“:s[lts ?kdf 7luPsf]n] To;af6 d'lQm kfpg ;+ul7t eP/ ;+3if{df pqg'k5{
eGg'eof] . pTkLl8t ls;fgsf] d'lQm ;+;bjfbL?n] ug{ g;s]sf] pNn]v ub}{
dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf] cu|ufdL lgsf;df ;xefuL x'g pxf“n] ls;fgx?nfO{ cg'/f]w
ug'{eof] .
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
lqrGb|n] ls;fgx?nfO{ qmflGtsf/L ;+u7gdf lrg]/ nfUg'k5{ eGb} dfcf]jfbL kf6L{
s[lif qmflGtdf ;ftjif{b]lv nfluk/]sf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“sf] egfO lyof]–
pTkLl8t ls;fgx? cfkm\gf] d'lQmsf nflu hgo'4df ;xefuL x'g'k5{ .
To:t} pb\3f6g ;df/f]xdf c=g]=ls=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf afudtL–gf/fo0fL ;+of]hg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs e/t
9'+ufgfn] cfkm\gf] d'lQmsf nflu ls;fgx? ca ufp“–ufp“af6 ljb|f]xdf pqg'kg]{
atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ls;fgsf] d'lQm ug]{ kf6L{ dfcf]jfbL dfq ePsf] atfp“b}
ls;fgx?n] ;+;bjfbLx?nfO{ ljutdf hltk6s ef]6 xfn] klg To;af6 d'lQm gldn]sf] a?
pN6} bdgdf k/]sf] pbfx/0fx? lbg'eof] .
Knf6'g sld;f/ hubLzn] cfkm\gf] hg;]gfn]
o'4lj/fdsf] cfrf/;+lxtf kfngf u/]sf] t/ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;]gfn] To;sf] kfngf
gu/]sf]df lj/f]w ub}{ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] ;]gfnfO{ jftf{ ef“8\g] sfo{ gug{ r]tfjgL
lbg'eof] . lhNnf hg;/sf/sf tkm{af6 af]Nb} dbg kf}8]nn] ls;fgx?sf] kIfdf
hg;/sf/n] sfd ug]{ atfpg'eof] .
;+3sf lhNnf cWoIf /fdeQm pk|]tLsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;Dd]ngn] p[xf“s} cWoIftfdf $! ;b:oLo lhNnf sfo{;ldltsf] rog u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngn] pkfWoIfdf k|]ddl0f e§/fO{, ;lrjdf /fhs'df/ /]UdL / sf]iffWoIfdf u0f]z clwsf/LnfO{ rog u/]sf] 5 . xhf/f}+ ls;fgx?sf] ;xeflutf /x]sf] pQm ;Dd]ngdf gjr]tgf hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/sf snfsf/x?n] qmflGtsf/L uLtx? k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
dfcf]jfbLåf/f t'sdfg–k"0f{ dfu{ lgdf{0f
/f]Nkf÷
dfcf]jfbLåf/f ul7t hg;Qfn] /f]Nkfdf t'sdfg–k"0f{ dfu{sf] lgdf{0f u/]sf]
5 . /f]Nkfsf] wjfªb]lv h+sf]6;Dd aL; lsnf]ld6/ nfdf] pQm dfu{ ;ft nfv
krf;xhf/ /sd a/fa/sf] nfutdf xfn} lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] yfxf ePsf] 5 .
ut )%* r}q $ ut] u'Drfndf zxfbt k|fKt
ug]{ kf6L{ Pl/of ;b:o s= t'sdfg k'g -lxdfn_ / h'Dnf ;b/d'sfd sfjf{xLsf] qmddf
zxfbt k|fKt ug]{ Knf6'g sdf08/ k"0f{axfb'/ 3tL{ -ljz]if_sf] ;Ddfgfy{ pQm
dfu{ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] s'/f :yfgLo ;+o'Qm hg;ldltsf] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . @
ld6/ rf}8fO /x]sf] pQm af6f]sf] lgdf{0faf6 /f]Nkf / l5d]sL lhNnf ?s'd, Ko'7fgsf
jfl;Gbfn] ;d]t k|ToIf nfe lnPsf 5g\ . dfu{ lgdf{0fsf nflu Jofks hg;eflutf
/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .
o;}u/L /f]Nkfdf x\jfdfb]lv s'jfkf6g;Dd
/ s'jfkf6gb]lv Rofgwf/f x'“b} h]njfª rf}tf/f;Ddsf] 3f]8]6f] af6f] ;d]t :yfgLo
hg;Qfåf/f lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 . kf“r nfv rfnL; xhf/ a/fa/sf] hg>dåf/f
af6f] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] s'/f x\jfdf ufh;n] hgfPsf] 5 .
jftf{sf] ;kmntfsf nflu ;+o'Qm k|bz{g x'g]
sf7df8f}+÷…zflGtsf]
nflu gful/s P]Soa4tf g]kfnÚ n] oxL h]7 !* ut] cfOtaf/ Jofks hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf
ljzfn h'n'; k|bz{g ug]{ ePsf] 5 .
g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ / ;QfkIfaLr
rln/x]sf] jftf{nfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofO{ ;d:ofsf] :yfoL ;dfwfg ug{
gful/sx?sf] tkm{af6 bjfj lbg] p2]Zon] ;f] sfo{qmd ug{ nfluPsf] hgfOPsf]
5 . ljxfg * ah] zxLb u]6af6 ;'? x'g] ;f] h'n'; k|bz{gdf cfof]hsn]
;Dk"0f{ zflGtlk|o / d'n'sk|lt rf;f] /fVg] gful/sx?nfO{ ;xefuL u/fpg xflb{s
cg'/f]w ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . pQm P]Soa4tf ;+:yfdf …zflGtsf nflu a'l4hLjL
cleofg, FNCCI, g]kfn RofDa/ ckm sd;{, g]kfn k]6«f]lnod
l8n;{ P;f]l;o;g, g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3, lkmlhl;og km/ ;f]l;on /]:kf]lG;ljln6L
g]kfn, NGO Fideration Nepal, ;Dk"0f{ dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3–;+:yfx?,
;fpy Pl;og kf6{g/l;k g]kfn h:tf @ ;o hlt ;+:yfx? ;lDdlnt /x]sf 5g\ .
:d/0fLo 5 pQm ;+:yf s]xL ;docl3 zflGtsf nflu bjfj lbg] p2]Zon] g} u7g ePsf]
lyof] .
sf7df8f}+÷k|To]s
@ jif{df k|ultjfbL ;flxlTos kmf“6sf JolQmTjx?nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] s[i0fdl0f ;flxTo
k'/:sf/ o;k6s d[Tof]k/fGt s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚ nfO{ k|bfg ul/g] ePsf] 5 .
kRrL;xhf/ ?lkof“sf] pQm k'/:sf/ Joj:yfkg ;ldltn] OR5'sn] k|ultjfbL ;flxlTos
kmf“6df cfkm\gf] s[ltTjåf/f k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] ;Ddfg:j?k k|bfg ul/Psf] s'/f
;ldltn] hgfPsf] 5 . pQm k'/:sf/ oxL h]7 !* ut] lbp“;f] ! ah] k|1fk|lti7fg
sdnfbLdf ljz]if sfo{qmddf k|bfg ul/g] ePsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmddf …OR5'sÚ
;flxTo k|]dLx?nfO{ pkl:yltsf nflu ;ldltn] xflb{s cg'/f]w ;d]t u/]sf] 5 .
:d/0fLo 5, o; jif{sf] kfl/hft ;[hgzLn
k'/:sf/ klg s[i0f ;]g …OR5'sÚ nfO{ k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
cfrf/;+lxtf pNnª\3gsf yk ljj/0f
k'/fgf] ;QfkIfsf] ;]gf jftf{ ljyf]Ng ;lqmo
sf7df8f}+÷
dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx?n] b]zsf ljleGg efudf cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g u/]sf] k|rf/
k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] cfkm\gf dftxtsf ;~rf/dfWodaf6 kmnfs] klg l:ylt To;sf] 7Ls
pN6f] ePsf] va/ hgfb]znfO{ k|fKt ePsf 5g\ . k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] jftf{
ljyf]Ng] xs{t cGtu{t 7fp“–7fp“df dfcf]jfbLk|lt /fhg}lts cf:yf /fVg]nfO{ wDsL
lbg], sfo{stf{nfO{ ckx/0f ug]{, ;]gfsf hjfgx? g} rGbf p7fp“b} lx+8\g] u/]sf]
yfxf ePsf] 5 . bf];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{df ePsf] lg0f{o pNn+3g ug]{ sfo{df klg
zfxL ;]gf nfluk/]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gf / p;sf dftxtsf] ;'/Iff kmf}hn] u/]sf
Hofbltn] zflGtjftf{k|lt zfxL ;]gfsf] b]vfj6L ;dy{g dfq ePsf] gful/s ;dfhn]
l6Kk0fL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .
8f]Nkfaf6 k|fKt va/cg';f/ k'/fgf]
;Qfsf] zfxL ;]gf cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g ug]{ sfo{df emg\ cu|;/ eP/ nfu]sf] 5 .
k'/fgf] ;QfkIf / dfcf]jfbL kIfaLr bf];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{df zfxL ;]gf Aof/]saf6 %
ls=dL= dfq hfg kfpg] lg0f{osf] 7f8f] pNn+3g ub}{ zfxL ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm
6f]nL h]7 ^ ut] 8f]Nkfsf] dfemvfn ufp“df\ k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . ufp“ k;]sf ;]gf
/ k|x/Ln] …dfcf]jfbL ;]gfx? sxf“ 5g\, xltof/sxf“ /fv]/ lx+8\5g\, of] ufp“sf
dfcf]jfbL sf]–sf] x'g\ <Ú eGb} ls;fgsf 3/ vfgtnf;L lng] ul//x]sf 5g\ .
;'/Iffkmf}hsf gfddf dfcf]jfbL If]qdf
k;]/ pgLx?n] ;s] dfcf]jfbL lj?4 k|ltsf/ ;ldlt agfpg] g;s] ufp“df ;'/fsL agfpg]
sfo{df nfu]sf] va/ ;|f]tn] atfPsf] 5 . ;]gf / k|x/Ln] ufp“sf l;=cfO{=8L=,
;'/fsL ug]{ JolQmsf] vf]hL ub}{ lx+8\g] u/]sf] klg yfxf ePsf] 5 . ;]gf /
k|x/Ln] ufp“ k:bf s'g af6f] dfcf]jfbL lx+8\5g\ eGb} Tof] af6f]sf] gS;f ;d]t
agfpg] / kmf]6f] lvRg] u/]sf] klg ufp“n]x? atfp“5g\ .
otf cf]vn9'+ufaf6 k|fKt va/cg';f/ zfxL
;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLåf/f ;f]n'sf] atf;]df lgdf{0f u/]sf] zxLbu]6 eTsfPsf]df
Toxf“sf] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] eT;{gf u/]sf] 5 . h]7 * ut] cf]vn9'¨faf6 cfPsf]
;]gfn] g]rf / jtf;]df /x]sf] zxLb u]6 eTsfPsf]df ;f]n'sf ;]qm]6/L k|eft / cf]vn9'¨fsf
;]qm]6/L lszf]/åf/f ;+o'Qm ?kdf hf/L lj1lKtdf zfxL ;]gfsf] pQm hglj/f]wL
sfo{sf] lgGbf u/]sf] 5 .
;]gfn] d'lQm zdf{, afa'/fd lg/f}nf,
/d]z >]i7 / z+s/ /fptnfO{ dfcf]jfbL sxf“ 5g\ eGb} lk6]sf]df To;sf] jQmJodf
lgGbf ul/Psf] 5 . ;]gfn] hg;efsf nflu 6f“;]sf kf]:6/x? ;d]t RofTb}
lx+8]sf]df lj/f]w ub}{ % lsnf]ld6/sf] lg0f{o kfng ug{ klg jQmJodf ;]gfnfO{
r]tfjgL lbOPsf] 5 .
otf Onfdsf] b]p/fnLdf :jf:Yo lzlj/ /fVg
uPsf zfxL ;]gfn] kf6L{sf] sfddf lx+l8/x]sf b'O{ hgf lgMz:q sfo{stf{nfO{
lu/km\tf/ u/L cf“vfdf k§L af“w]/ nu]sf] :yfgLo jfl;Gbfn] atfPsf 5g\ .
;]gfåf/f a]kQf agfOPsf Pshgfsf] gfd yfxf ePsf] 5}g eg] Pssf] gfd ;dL/ ePsf]
yfxf ePsf] 5 . o;}u/L ljBfyL{sf] lhNnf ;Dd]ngdf uP/ kmls{Psf s]xL
ljBfyL{dfly klg ;]gfn] w/ks8 u/]sf] va/ 5 .
ptf /f}tx6af6 k|fKt va/ cg';f/ h]7 !@
ut] Toxf“sf] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non] dfcf]jfbL cf:yfsf !$ hgf aGbLnfO{ h]naf6
lx/f;tdf NofO{ k'gM lx/f;taf6 g} a]kQf kfl/Psf] aGbLsf cfkmGthgn] atfPsf
5g\ . slyt cft+ssf/L P]gcGtu{t 8]9 jif{b]lv y'gfdf /x]sf Xbogf/fo0f bf;,
k|Nxfb kf}8]n nufotsf aGbLnfO{ tLgdlxg] k"hL{sf] Dofb ;lsPsf] nuQ}
lx/f;tdf k'¥ofOPsf] lyof] .
o;}aLr lj/f6\gu/af6 k|fKt Ps csf]{ va/cg';f/ ;]gfsf hjfgx?n] :jf:Yo lzlj/ /fVg, cf}iflw af“8\gsf] nflu /sd rflxof] eGb} Jofkf/Lx?;“u rGbf dfUb} lx+8]sf] / glbg]nfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] cf/f]kdf kqmg] wDsL lbPsf] Ps Jofkf/Ln] hgfb]znfO{ atfP ..
otf emfkfaf6 k|fKt va/ cg';f/ emfkfsf
k'/fgf lzIfs wd{ a'9fyf]sLnfO{ h]nleq /x]s} a]nfdf st{Jo Hofg d'2f nufP/
lj/f6gu/ NofOPsf] 5 . pxf“nfO{ emfkfaf6 lu/km\tf/ u/]kl5 Onfd nluPsf]
lyof] . Onfdaf6 km]l/ lj/f6gu/ k'¥ofOPsf] 5 .. lzIfs a'9fyf]sL xfn
c:j:y /x]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 .
;]gfåf/f anfTsf/
o;}aLr
lj/f6gu/af6 k|fKt va/cg';f/ bf];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{ ePs} /ftsf] $ ah] laxfg
wgs'6fsf] lxn]l:yt aflxgLaf6 ;]gf nu]/ t]x«y'dsf] j;Gtk'/ 6'8] b]p/fnLsf] ;8s
ljefusf] sfof{nodf ;}Go Aof/]s /flvPsf] 5 . Aof/]saf6 ;]gfnfO{ % ls=dL= df
/fVg] lg0f{o ePsf] nuQ} cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3gsf 36gfsf ?kdf oxf“sf jfl;Gbfn] lnPsf
5g\ . otf Aof/]s :yfkgf ePsf] nuQ} ut ;f]daf/ h+undf bfp/f vf]Hg uPsL Ps
z]kf{ y/sL dlxnfnfO{ ;]gfn] ;fd"lxs anfTsf/ u/]/ d/0ff;Gg agfPsf]
5 .. tL dlxnfnfO{ xfn lj=kL= d]df]l/on c:ktfndf pkrf/fy{ egf{ ul/Psf]
5 .
;u/dfyf
cf/f]xLx?nfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] awfO
sf7df8f}+÷
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ jftf{6f]nLsf k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/
r9\g] klxnf] g]kfnL kqsf/ cfªl5l/ª z]kf{, sd ;dodf cf/f]x0f u/]/ ljZjsLlt{dfg
/fVg] nfSkf l5l/ª z]kf{ / ;aeGbf sd pd]/df ;jf]{Rr lzv/ r'Dg ;kmn dlxnf ldªlskf
z]kf{ nufot ljleGg cf/f]x0f bnaf6 ;u/dfyf 6]Sg] ;Dk"0f{ ;b:ox?nfO{ awfO
lbg'ePsf] 5 . dx/fn] ljleGg sLlt{dfg /fVb} ;u/dfyf r'Dg ;kmn x'g]x?n]
/fi6«sf] uf}/j / :jfledfg a9fPsf] atfpg'ePsf] 5 .. dx/fn] Hofgsf] afhL
/fv]/ ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ r9\g] cf/f]xLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug'{sf] ;§f ;/sf/n]
ko{6g;“u ;Da4 ;+:yfx?nfO{ lghLs/0f u/]/ ko{6gsf] ljsf; / :jfledfg a[l4 ug]{
h:tf sfo{qmdaf6 kl~5g vf]Hg] gLlt lnPsf] klg atfpg'eof] .. ;/sf/sf] o:tf]
gLltsf] xfdL lj/f]w u5f}{+ eGb} dx/fn] /fi6«sf] uf}/j a9fpg], cf/f]xLx?nfO{
k|f]T;flxt ug]{ / ;/sf/n] lglZrt gLlt agfO{ ko{6gsf] ljsf; /fli6«o lxt ;Da4{g /
:jfledfg a[l4sf nflu x'g'kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbg'eof] .
;u/dfyf
r'r'/f]df k'Ug] g]kfnsf] klxnf] kqsf/ cfªl5l/ª z]kf{ ut ljxLaf/ yfd;]s'{
6«]lsªsf] k|m]~r cf/f]x0f bnsf Ps ;b:;“u ;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df k'u]sf lyP .
pgn] lzv/df k'Ugf;fy cfkm"nfO{ wGo ;Dem“b} d}n] krf; jif{ cl3 oxf“ klxnf]
dfgj kfOnf 6]Sg] t]l~hª gf]u]{ z]kf{ / P8d08 lxnf/LnfO{ ;Dem]+ eGb} cfªl5l/ª
z]kf{n] ;u/dfyfs} r'r'/f]af6 eGg'eof]– …d}n] ;a} kqsf/ ;fyLx?sf] efjgfsf]
k|ltlglwTj ub}{ g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] em08f klg uf8]+ .Ú
To:t}
ljutsf ;a} ljZj sLlt{dfgnfO{ pl5Gb} cfOtaf/ nfSkf l5l/ª z]kf{n] !) 306f %^
ldg]6 $^ ;]s]08df ;u/dfyf r'r'/f]df kfOnf 6]s]/ ;aeGbf sd ;dodf ;u/dfyf 6]Sg]
klxnf] cf/f]xL aGg ;kmn ePsf 5g\ . pgn] b'O{ lbgcufl8 dfq} kf}g] t]x«
306fdf ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f u/]/ ;aeGbf sd ;dodf ;u/dfyf r9\g] k]Djf bf]hL{ z]kf{sf]
ljZj sLlt{dfgnfO{ pl5g]sf 5g\ . nfSkf l5l/ª z]kf{n] o;eGbf klxnf bzf}+ k6s
;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df kfOnf 6]ls;s]sf 5g\ .
To:t} ldªlskf z]kf{n] !% jif{s} pd]/df
;u/dfyfsf] r'r'/f]df 6]s]/ sfG5L cf/f]xL aGg ;kmn ePsL l5g\ . o; k6ssf]
;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf hfkfgsf &) jifL{o o'lr/f] ldo'/fn] ;aeGbf kfsf
cf/f]xLsf] sLlt{dfg agfPsf 5g\ eg] ;oeGbf a9L cf/f]xLx?n] o;k6s ;u/dfyf 6]Sg
;kmn ePsf clwsf/Lx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . To:t} ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f :j0f{ dxf]T;jsf
cj;/df g]kfn kj{tf/f]x0f ;+3åf/f /fhwfgLdf cfOtaf/ Ps ¥ofnLsf] cfof]hgf klg
u¥of] . ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f :j0f{ dxf]T;jdf klxnf]k6s ;u/dfyf r9\g] P8d08
lxnf/L / klxnf] dlxnf cf/f]xL h'Gsf] tfj]Osf] klg /fhwfgLdf pkl:ylt
lyof] .
l/ªdfr{sf yk va/
g'jfsf]6÷g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf] …sÚ If]qLo Jo"/f] ! gDa/ lhNnfsf]
cfof]hgfdf h]7 # ut] g'jfsf]6sf] lkms'/L ufh;df xfn} Ps hg;ef ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . lhNnf kf6L{sf ;]qm]6/L s= lIflthsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ;efdf k|d'v jQmf
tfdfª /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf u+ufaxfb'/ tfdfªn] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf]
cGTo eP/ hgjfbL u0ftGq g]kfnsf] :yfkgf geP;Dd hftLo :jzf;g / cfTdlg0f{osf]
clwsf/ k|fKt gx'g] ePsfn] hghfltx? hgo'4df uf]naGb x'g'kg]{ atfpg'ePsf]
5 .
pxf“n] jt{dfg ;+s6sf] lgsf; cu|ufdL
kl/jt{g dfq ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] 5n5fd / if8\oGqnfO{ hgtfn] a]n}df
a'em\g'kg]{ atfpg'eof] .
;efkltsf] cf;gaf6 af]Nb} lhNnf kf6L{
;]qm]6/L lIflthn] dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ olta]nf jftf{sf] 6]a'ndf o'4 ;~rfng ul//x]sf]
atfpg'eof] . ;f] ;efdf clvn g]kfn 6«]8 o'lgogsf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf
zflns/fd hDs§]n, clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o s]zj k'8f;}gL, c=g]=d=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ sL s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ljdnf ;'j]bL, c=g]=ls=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o wgaxfb'/ dxh{gn] hgo'4sf kIfdf hgtfnfO{ nfUg ckLn u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L bf];|f] r/0fsf] l/ª dfr{
cleofgdf ;xefuL ! g+= sDkgL tyf ;xefuLx?nfO{ h]7 # ut] ! gDa/ lhNnf kf6L{n]
:jfut sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u¥of] . lkms'/Lsf] 1fgHof]ltdf pQm sfo{qmd ePsf]
lyof] . o;cl3 ! g+= lhNnf kf6L{n] klxnf] r/0fsf] l/ª dfr{ cleofgsf] ;dLIff
tyf ljbfO sfo{qmd ghf{ ufh;df ;DkGg eof] . sfo{qmddf ! gDa/ lhNnf O~rfh{
jL/h+un] cleofgsf] p2]Zo tyf /fli6«o–cGt/f{li6«o l:yltaf/] af]Ng'ePsf]
lyof] . ;dLIffdf ;xefuLx?n] cf–cfkm\gf cg'ej /fv]sf lyP .
o;}u/L g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ljz]if s]Gb|Lo
sdf08cGtu{t hgd'lQm ;]gf, g]kfn, @ gDa/ sDkgLsf] cfof]hgfdf eO/x]sf] l/ª dfr{
cleofgn] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf u|fdL0f e]usf hgtfnfO{ qmflGtsf] kIfdf nfUg hfu?s
agfPsf] 5 . a}zfv !* ut] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] km'nlkªsf]6sf] uxt]df pb\3f6g
ePsf] l/ª dfr{ cleofgdf ;xefuLx? @) ut] ;f]xL ufh;sf] km'nlkª 8f“8f ufp“df uP/
ds} uf]8\g] sfo{df ;xefuL ePsf lyP . ;f]xL ufp“df >[ª\vnf ;f“:s[lts
kl/jf/n] hgjfbL uLt k|:t't u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L ofªsf]6df hg;]gfn] /fv]sf]
:jf:Yo lzlj/df % ;o eGbf a9L ufp“n]n] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/fPsf] va/ 5 .
hg;]gfsf] kxndf ofªnfsf]6df k|fylds ljBfnosf] 5fgf xflnPsf] lyof] . of]
sfo{af6 oxf“sf :yfgLo jfl;Gbf v'zL ePsf 5g\ . o;}u/L af6f] agfpg] / rkL{
lgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{ klg eO/x]sf 5g\ .
sfo{qmddf :s"n ljefusf ;b:o tyf
If]=Ao"= ;b:o lj/xL / @ gDa/ sDkgL sld;f/ k|xf/n] ;]gf / sfo{stf{n]
;f]w]sf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg] / l;sfpg] ug'{ePsf] va/ 5 .
kf“r bnsf] cfGbf]ng
sf7df8f}+÷
k|ltudglj?4 cfGbf]ng/t kf“r ;+;bjfbL bnx?n] k|ltufdL zlQmx? zflGtjftf{nfO{ s'g}
klg lgx'“df ljyf]Ng ;lqmo /x]sf] hgfp“b} zflGtk"0f{ hgcfGbf]ngn] k|ltufdL
if8\oGqnfO{ k/f:t ub}{ jftf{nfO{ ;fy{s agfpg] atfPsf 5g\ .. lxhf] a;]sf]
kf“r ;+;bLo bnsf] ;+o'Qm a}8\7skZrft\ hf/L jQmJodf jftf{lj/f]wL if8\oGqk|lt
;r]t /x“b} zflGtk"0f{ hgcfGbf]ngdf ;xefuL x'g cfx\jfg ;d]t ul/Psf]
5 .
;+o'Qm j}7skZrft\ sf+u|]; ;efklt
lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfn, ;+hdf] cWoIf clds z]/rg,
g]dlskf cWoIf gf/fo0fdfg ljh'S5] / ;b\efjgf g]tf e/t ljdn ofbjåf/f x:tfIfl/t
;+o'Qm k|]; jQmJodf elgPsf] 5– …zfxL k|ltudgnfO{ k/flht u/L hgtfsf ckxl/t
clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ / zflGtjftf{nfO{ b]z tyf hgtfsf] lxtdf ;kmn Pjd\
kl/0ffdd'vL agfp“b} d'n'snfO{ ;du|?kdf cu|udgtkm{ 8f]¥ofO{ hgtfsf] ;Dk|e'tf
k"0f{?kn] :yflkt ug]{ k"0f{ p2]Zosf ;fy ;~rflnt ;+o'Qm cfGbf]ngsf]
;kmntf ;'lglZrt 5 .Ú
kf“r ;+;bjfbL bnx?åf/f t];|f] r/0fsf]
;+3if{sf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . …k|ltufdL zfxL ;/sf/nfO{ tnb]lv
dfly;Dd tx;gx; kfg]{Ú pb\3f]ifsf ;fy 3f]lift ;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx?k|lt ljleGg
;+u7g, ;+3–;+:yf / ;d'bfon] ;d]t P]Soa4tf hgfO;s]sf 5g\ .
cfhb]lv ;'? x'g] 3f]lift t];|f] t/0fsf
;+3if{sf sfo{qmdx?df h]7 !# b]lv !% ut];Dd ;/sf/ / ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf
;+:yfsf uf8Lx? rNg glbg], h]7 !$ / !% ut] sf7df8f}+df lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efsf
;b:ox?sf] a}7s a:g], h]7 !^ ut] ;Dk"0f{ gu/kflnsf / uflj;x?df em08f /
hgcfGbf]ngsf gf/f;lxt lj/f]w h'n'; / ;ef ug]{ /x]sf 5g\ . To;}u/L kf“r
bnsf] t];|f] r/0fsf] cfGbf]ngs} qmddf :yfgLo lgsfodf dgf]lgt ;ldlt lgdf{0f u/L
;/sf/L if8\oGqsf] e08fkmf]/ ug]{ / k|ltudglj?4 k|:tfj kfl/t ul/g] ;d]t hgfOPsf]
5 . h]7 !& ut] ;Dk"0f{ uflj; tyf gu/kflnsfx?df k|ltudgsf] k'Tnf
hnfpg], h]7 !( ut] lhNnf ;b/d'sfddf ljz]if h'n'; k|bz{g tyf afudtL c~rnsf] xsdf
sf7df8f}+ lj/f]w h'n'; k|bz{g ul/g] ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L h]7 !( ut] ;f“em
;f9] ;ft ah]b]lv * ah];Dd ANofscfp6 ;d]t ul/g]5 .
o;cl3 kf“r bnåf/f ;~rflnt klxnf] /
bf];|f] r/0fsf cfGbf]ng k|x/L x:tIf]ksf afah'b k"0f{?kdf ;kmn ePsf]
5 . o;}u/L jfd df]rf{åf/f klg zflGt / cu|udgsf nflu h]7 !) b]lv @! ut];Dd
ljljw sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . df]rf{n] jt{dfg ;+s6sf] ;dfwfg ug{
;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj u/fpg'kg]{ dfu /fVb} cfPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbL xTofdf ;+nUg gePsf] hfgsf/L
x]6f}+8f÷ oxL a}zfv @^ ut] dsjfgk'/sf]
gfd6f/af6 a]kQf kfl/Psf elgPsf zfxL ;]gfsf hjfg s'df/ kf}8]nsf] xTof
dfcf]jfbLaf6 ePsf] egL zfxL ;]gfn] nufPsf] cf/f]kk|lt g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_sf
dsjfgk'/sf O~rfh{ s= ldqnfnn] 3f]/ cfklQ k|s6 u/]sf] ;"qn] atfPsf]
5 .
d[ts kf}8]nsf] dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 xTof
ul/Psf] sLt]{ cleJolQm ;lxt d'n's / d'n'sjf;Lsf] ;'/Iffsf] gfddf cfjZos sbd
rfNg kl5 gkg]{ eGg] ;]gfsf] cleJolQmn] ;]gf cfkm}n] jftf{ ef“8\g lgx'“ vf]h]sf]
pQm ;"qn] atfPsf] 5 . o;cl3 klg c1ft JolQmx?åf/f x'g] u/]sf o:tfvfn]
36gfx?nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] g} u/]sf] egL ;]gfn] cf/f]k nufp“b} cfPsf] s'/fnfO{
:d/0f ub}{ zflGt / k|ultsf] nflu zflGtk"0f{ cu|ufdL /fhg}lts lgsf;sf]
;a}lt/af6 ck]Iff eO/x]sf] a]nf af/Daf/ cfrf/;+lxtf pNn+3g ug]{ / c1ft
JolQmx?åf/f eP÷ul/Psf 36gfx? dfcf]jfbL;“u uf“:g] zfxL ;}lgssf] /j}ofn] k'/fgf]
;Qf jftf{k|lt ;sf/fTds 5 eGg] ljZjf;dfly uDeL/ z+sf k}bf ePsf] 5 .
dlxnfsf] sf7df8f}+ ;Dd]ng !& ut]
sf7df8f}+÷
c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] 5}7f}+ lhNnf ;dd]ng
oxL h]7 !& ut] sLlt{k'/ cl86f]l/od xndf ;DkGg ug]{ ePsf] 5 . …k}t[s
;DklQdfly dlxnfx?sf] ;dfg clwsf/sf] cfwf/ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg, PsLs[t dlxnf
d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf nflu 5}7f}+ sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;dd]ngÚ sf] d"n gf/f;lxt
dlxnfx? ;Dd]ngdf h'6]sf 5g\ .
;Dd]ng tof/L ;ldltn] cfkm\gf] ;Dd]ng
;kmn kfg{ ;a}af6 ef}lts, g}lts / cfly{s ;xof]usf] xflb{s ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 .
;j{bnLo cGt/;Djfb sfo{qmd ;DkGg
rl/sf]6÷oxf
cfof]lht Ps cGt/;Djfb sfo{qmddf g]=s=kf -dfcf]jfbL_ k"jf{~rn If]qLo
Ao"/f] ;b:o s= b]zaGw'n] hgtfnfO{ ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg / clwsf/;DkGg agfpg
clxn];Ddsf] k|hftflGqs k|lqmof uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf, cGtl/d ;/sf/sf] u7g
/ ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfjaf6 g} x'g] atfpg'eof] .
;+o'Qm lhNnf hg;ldlt bf]nvfsf]
cfof]hgfdf oxL h]7 !) ut] dfufkf}jf ufh;df ePsf] jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] lgsf;
ljifos lhNnf:t/Lo ;j{kIfLo cGt/;Djfb sfo{qmddf s= b]zaGw'n] ;f] ljrf/ JoQm
ug'{ePsf] xf] . olta]nf k'/fgf] ;Qf / gof“ ;QfaLr rln/x]sf] jftf{ ljyf]Ng
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb / p;sf bnfnx? gf¨f] ?kdf nflu/x]sf] 5 . o;k|lt ;hu eO{
;a} b]zeQm tyf k|hftflGqs zlQmx? Ps eP/ hfg tof/ x'g'k5{– b]zaGw'n]
eGg'eof] .
sfo{qmddf af]Nb} jfdkGyL g]tf OGb|axfb'/
v8\sfn] olta]nf sf+u|]; / Pdfn] kf6L{n] p7fPsf ;+;b k'g:yf{kgf / ;j{bnLo ;/sf/
dfu ub}{ rnfPsf] cfGbf]ngsf] ;Gbe{ pNn]v ub}{ /fhfn] agfOlbPsf] ;/sf/ ;b}j
lg/Lx x'G5 eGg'eof] . To;}u/L sfo{qmddf Ol~hlgo/ tyf Pdfn] s]Gb|Lo cfly{s
ljefu ;b:o dx]Gb| sfsL{n] eGg'eof]– ;f“Rr} g} b]znfO{ olta]nf /fhg}lts ;+s6af6
lgsf; lbnfpgsf nflu xfdL cf–cfkm\gf] :jfy{eGbf dfly p7]/ of] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngsf]
k|lqmofaf6 cufl8 a9fpg'k5{ .. To;}u/L a'l4hLjL zfGts[i0f >]i7n] uf]nd]r
;dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj eGbf klg csf]{ pTs[i6 ljsNk 5 eg]
lnP/ cfpg ;Sg'k5{ t/ ;a}nfO{ dfGo x'g'k5{– eGg'eof] . o;} qmddf k'/fgf
jfdkGyL g]tf z+s/ g]kfnn] eGg'eof]– olta]nf;Dd klg k|hftflGqs cEof;n]
k"0f{tf gkfO{ yk /fhg}lts ;+s6 k}bf x'g'df )$& sf] ;+ljwfgdf ckl/jt{gLo
elgPsf #–$ j6f a'“bfx? g} xf] .
d'lQm df]rf{sf]
e]nf ;DkGg
uf]/vf÷g]kfn
blnt d'lQm df]rf{, uf]/vfsf] bf];|f] lhNnf e]nf ut a}zfv #) ut] lhNnfsf]
c>fª ufh;sf] 7f“6Ldf ;DkGg eof] . e]nfn] /fhs'df/ lj=s=sf] cWoIftfdf !#
;b:oLo lhNnf sfo{;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 .
gjul7t ;ldltdf pkfWoIf ;'saxfb'/
pk/sf]6L, ;lrj ldq lj=s=, ;x;lrj d'lQm lj=s=, sf]iffWoIf ;'lgtf /Dt]n, ;b:ox?df
;'lhtf kl/of/, sf}lznf lj=s=, sdn lj=s=, OGb| lj=s=, ch'{g lj=s=, ;Ltf/fd
g]kfnL, ;Ltf lj=s=, dw' pk/sf]6L /xg'ePsf] 5 . df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj k/z'/fd
/Dt]nsf] pkl:yltdf ;DkGg lhNnf e]nfdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ sf k|ltlglw hLjGt,
td" x\o"n d5\of df]rf{sf] lhNnf cWoIf 5daxfb'/ td', c=g]=d=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ sL lhNnf ;b:o nIdL lwtfn, cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ sL lhNnf
pkfWoIf tf/f k'8f;}gL, 8Lnaxfb'/ lj=s= nufotsfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
e]nfdf snfsf/x?n] ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmdx? k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
To;}u/L
uf]/vfaf6 k|fKt csf]{ ;dfrf/cg';f/ oxL h]7 !ut] uf]/vf Rofª\nL ufh;df s'dfn
d'lQm df]rf{sf] e]nf ;DkGg ePsf] va/ 5 . e]nfn] 6f]kaxfb'/ s'dfnsf]
cWoIftfdf $ ;b:o kl5 yKg] u/L !# ;b:oLo s'dfn d'lQm df]rf{ uf]/vf lhNnf
sfo{;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . e]nfdf dfcf]jfbLsf k|ltlglw lbg]z, c=g]=ls=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ sf lhNnf cWoIf s[i0f k|;fb Bf}/fnL, c=g]=d=;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sL
lhNnf pkfWoIf zf]ef nfld5fg], clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf ldng kf08] nufotn] ;Daf]wg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
hg;]gfx?
ljsf;–lgdf{0flt/
hfh/sf]6÷hgd'lQm
;]gfcGtu{t ;tjl/of bf];|f] a6flnogsf] …PÚ sDkgLsf] kxndf e]/L–s0ff{nL If]qleq
kg]{ Pl/of g+= @ sf] 8f“8fufp“ ufh;sf] lr;kfgL a}/Ltfnb]lv nxf“ ufh;sf]
sflndf6L x'“b} n't] s'gf;Ddsf] uf]/]6f] af6f] !@ xhf/ hgtfsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfdf
lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . To;t} ;'v]{t lhNnfsf] hfd'g] ahf/b]lv pgftL;Ddsf]
elTsPsf] ;8s klg xfn} lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
To;}u/L
Pl/of g+= # ;snf ufh;sf] l;k|]vf]nfl:yt gbLsf] lsgf/df uf]/]6f] af6f] ;+o'Qm
lhNnf hg;ldltsf] kxndf lgdf{0f sfo{ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . hg;ldltsf] 5};§L xhf/
cg'bfg / sl/a # nfv a/fa/sf] hg>dbfgaf6 ;f] af6f] lgdf{0f ul/Psf] k|]lift
va/df atfOPsf] 5 .
hfh/sf]6af6
k|fKt csf]{ ;frf/cg';f/ ut r}q @( ut] l;dfdf cGtlqm{of sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf]
5 . zflGtjftf{sf] ;kmntf uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;ef cfhsf]
cfjZostf ljifos cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf Pdfn]af6 tTsfnLg lhlj; ;b:o ejfgLk|;fb
zdf{, l;df uflj;sf k"j{ cWoIf nfnaxfb'/ yfkf, g]sfsf s/l;+x dxtf/f, yfnf
lg=df=lj=sf k|=c= dfgaxfb'/ yfkf, lbkaxfb'/ l;+x -;lrj_, cf]e/l;o/ dfof/fd zdf{
nufotn] jt{dfg /fhgLltdf lqsf]0ffTds zlQm ;+3if{ / ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yf ePsfn] tLg}
kIfn] ;xdlt u/L dfcf]jfbLn] p7fPsf] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg
;efafx]s csf]{ lgsf;sf] af6f] gePsf] atfP .
;f]
cGtlqm{ofdf g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_ hfh/sf]6sf ;lrjfno ;b:o bfdf]b/, zfGt, Pdfn]
clvnsf z]/axfb'/ vqLn] klg ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . c=g]=ls=;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_sf cWoIf anaxfb'/ jnLsf] ;efkltTj / k|ltIffsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ;f]
cGlqm{ofdf k|ltdfn] :jut dGtJo / h'gL hg;f“:s[lts kl/jf/n] ;f“:s[lts k|:t'ltx?
u/]sf] lyof] . To;}u/L clxn] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] kIfdf hgdt l;h{gf ug{, ;+u7g
;'b[9 ug{ gof“ ;Gb]z cleofg lhNnfel/ ;~rfng eO/x]sf] ;dfrf/df atfOPsf] 5 .
k|fKt
csf]{ ;dfrf/cg';f/ e]/L–s0ff{nL Pl/of g+= ! /Ubf ufh; j8f g+= ! rf}vfb]lv j8f
g+= ^ /f]nL;Ddsf] sl/a Ps ls=dL= l;+rfO s'nf] %)) hgtfsf] >dbfgdf lgdf{0f
ePsf] 5 . ;f] l;+rfO s"nf] ;/b/ Ps nfv ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] nfutdf lgdf{0f
ePsf] atfOG5 .
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng,
cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efaf/] s0ff{nLdf Jofks ax;
l;dLsf]6
-x'Dnf_÷ jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6sf] lgsf;sf ?kdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] cl3;f/]sf]
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg ;efsf] gf/fdfly s0ff{nL If]qdf Jofks ax;
;'? ePsf] 5 . /, ;f] gf/fk|lt P]Soa4tfsf] nx/ a9\g yfn]sf] 5 .
xfn}
x'Dnfsf] l;dLsf]6df cfof]lht uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_,
;+;bjfbL kf6L{sf k|ltlglwx? / gful/s ;dfhsf k|ltlglwx?n] /fli6«o /fhgLlts ;+s6
;“u;“u} x'Dnfsf :yfgLo ;d:ofx?sf] ;dfwfg :yfgLo :t/af6} vf]lhg'kg]{ atfPsf
5g\ . ;f]xL uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf lhNnfsf ;d:of xn ug{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ ;“u
xft]dfnf] ub}{ cufl8 a9\g] k|lta4tf ;+;bjfbL /fhgLlts bnsf x'Dnfl:yt
k|ltlglwx?] u/]sf 5g\ . t/ pQm ;Dd]ngdf k'/fgf] ;QfkIfsf sf]xL klg
k|ltlglwx? pkl:yt ePgg\ .
;f]xL
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf af]Nb} g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ x'Dnf±d'u'sf ;]qm]6/L s= ;'zLnn]
jftf{ hfuL/sf] lglDt ;'? gePsf] eGg'x'“b} Wj:t ;+/rgf k'gM:yflkt ug'{eGbf klg
/fHo;Qfd} cfd"n kl/jt{g ug'{ clxn]sf] cfjZostf xf] eGg'eof] .
pQm
uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf af]Nb} hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf ;f]gfd l;+x u'?ªn] ca zflGt jftf{ ;kmn
agfpg cf–cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf tkm{af6 :yfgLo :t/af6} bjfj lbg'kg]{ ljrf/ JoQm
ug'{eof] . g]skf -dfn]_ sf ;f]gfd UofNh]g nfdfn] dfcf]jfbLn] ;'?d} )$&
;fnsf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ sfnf] ;+ljwfg elg;s]sf / clxn] Tof] s'/f k|dfl0ft ePsf] ts{
/fVg'eof] . Pdfn]sf x:taxfb'/ zfxLn] dfcf]jfbL hgo'4n] ;kmntf xfl;n ug'{
eg]sf] ;a} hgtfsf] ;f}efUo xf] eGg' x'“b} ca x'Dnfsf ljleGg :yfgdf vfB l8kf]
/flvg'kg]{ atfpg'eof] . g]kfn ;dtf kf6L{sf uf]v{axfb'/ zfxLn] jt{dfg ;/sf/
ufp“ufp“;Dd k'Ug g;s]sf]n] ca ;a} ldn]/ sfd ug'{kg]{ atfpg'eof] . g]kfnL
sf+u|]; -k|hftflGqs_ sf hok|lt /f]sfofn] jftf{n] zflGtsf] df]8 lng'kg]{ ljrf/
Joqm ug'{eof] .. ;f]xL uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf /fh]Gb| /fjt,
/fk|kfsf ljv{axfb'/ dxt tyf gful/s ;dfhsf tkm{af6 ljif{axfb'/ zfxL / kqsf/
bLk]Gb| /f]sfofn] klg af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . nfdf d'lQm df]rf{, x'Dnfsf
;+of]hs l5dL nfdfsf] ;efkltTjdf cfof]lht ;f] uf]nd]r ;Dd]ngdf ;b/d'sfd l;dLsf]6
cf;kf;sf ufp“af6 s/La tLgxhf/ hgtfsf] pkl:ylt lyof] . pQm uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng
ut h]7 ( ut] l;dLsf]6sf] dfg;/f]j/ pRr df=lj=df ePsf] lyof] .
g]skf
-dfcf]jfbL_ x'Dnf±d'u' ;+o'Qm lhNnfsf] Pl/of gDa/ ^ sf ljleGg ufp“df jt{dfg
kl/l:ylt / hg;Qfsf] cEof;;DaGwL v'Nnf hge]nf, k|lzIf0f, uf]i7L ePsf 5g\ .
h]7
^ ut] k|sfz ufh;sf] /f]l8sf]6df hge]nf sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . sfo{qmddf
g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ x'Dnf±d'u' ;+o'Qm lhNnf ;]qm]6/L s= ;'zLnn] k'/fgf] ;Qf
k'/fg} ;f]r / z}nLdf g} rn]sfn] jftf{k|lt cfkm\gf] kf6L{ uDeL/ ePsf] / hg;Qfsf]
cEof;af/] k|lzIf0f lbg'eof] .
pQm
sfo{qmddf cfkm" wfdL–emf“qmL eP klg cfGbf]ngdf nfu]/ cGwljZjf; lrg{ ;kmn
/x]sf] atfp“b} 6\of/] /f]sfofn] eGg'eof]– wfdL–emf“qmL k|yf cGwljZjf; /
zf]if0fsf] dfWod xf] .
;f]xL
sfo{qmddf kqsf/ dgClif lwtfn / bLk]Gb| /f]sfofn] /f]u, ef]s / u/LaLsf] lj1fkg
ePsf] x'Dnf k'Ubf gof“ ;Qf / gof“ ;“:s[ltsf] ljsf; ePsf] ;+:d/0f
;'gfpg'eof] .
s= qmflGtsf] / /Q/l~ht Pl/of ;f“:s[lts
kl/jf/sf] :jfut efif0f / uLt, s= s?0fsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj s=
kLl8tn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf ufh; k|d'v ljs]{ P]8Ln] klg
af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] eg] nfnls/0f ;]n snfsf/ l6dn] klg cfkm\gf] snf k|:t't u/]sf
lyP . ;f]xL cj;/df 1fg'dfof zfxL nufot & hgf o'jtL / ! o'jfn]
cfkm" k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{ ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L
h]7 $–% ut] lkKnfª ufp“df hg;Qfsf] cEof; ;DaGwL k|lzIf0f rn]sf] lyof] .
pQm k|lzIf0fdf lhNnf kf6L{ ;]qm]6/L s= ;'zLn, lhNnf hg;/sf/ ;b:o ;'/jL/ P]8L
nufotsfn] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
o;}u/L
a}zfvsf] clGtd xKtf h'Dnfsf] hfr ufp“df sdf08:t/Lo j}rfl/s k|lzIf0f ;DkGg
eof] . l;+hfel/sf kf6L{ sfo{stf{x?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] ;f] k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmddf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ h'Dnf±sflnsf]6sf ;]qm]6/L s= sdf{n] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf]
lyof] . To:t}u/L l;+hfsf] lj/f6 ufh;sf] wf]jLufp“ / af]tf“ dflnsfdf
Onfsf:t/Lo cf;efx?sf] cfof]hgf ePsf] lyof] . tL hg;efx?df Onfsf:t/Lo
dfcf]jfbL g]tfx? s= g]k]?, s= eLid, s= ef}lts nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .
To:t}
d'u'sf] vt]8 Onfsfdf cfof]lht Ps k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf d'u' hg;/sf/ k|d'v gj/fh
Gof}kfg]n] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s= Hjfnf zfxLsf]
;efkltTjdf ePsf] pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf vTof8 If]qsf kfsf kf6L{ sfo{stf{x?sf]
pkl:ylt lyof] . k|d'v k|lzIfs s= gj/fh Gof}kfg]n] jt{dfg o'4lj/fd,
zflGt–k|lqmof / efjL /fhgLlts l:yltk|lt k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] .
blnt d'lQm
df]rf{sf] cGtlqm{of
sf7df8f}+÷g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_
jftf{6f]nLsf k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/ dx/fn] b]zsf] d'xf/ km]g{ grfxg], kl/jt{g
grfxg] / hgtfsf] clwsf/nfO{ s'l07t ug]{ tTjx? olta]nf ;njnfO/x]sf] atfpg'ePsf]
5 . pxf“n] ;+ljwfg ;ef hfg glbg / jftf{ ljyf]Ng ljb]zL–:jb]zL zlQm s]Gb|x?
nfluk/]sf] atfp“b} eGg'eof]– …ljleGg pTkL8gdf k/]sf hflt hghfltsf] clwsf/ vf]Hg
g} ;+ljwfg ;efsf] dfu /fv]sf] xf] .Ú g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf] cfof]hgfdf
lxhf] n SofDk;df cfof]lht …;+ljwfg ;ef / blnt d'lQmsf] k|ZgÚ ljifos cGtlqm{ofdf
af]Nb} dx/fn] pko'{Qm s'/f atfpg'ePsf] xf] .
…g]kfnL
/fHo;Qfsf] ;+/rgf g]kfnL hgtfsf] xftdf 5}g . g]kfnL hgtfsf] xft vfln 5 . g]kfnL
hgtfsf] jf:tljs clwsf/nfO{ 1f/]06L ug{ g} gof“ ;+ljwfg agfpg nfu]sf] klg ;f]xL
;df/f]xdf dx/fn] atfpg'eof] . g]kfn blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo sf]iffWoIf
t]haxfb'/ ldhf/sf] ;efkltTj / czf]s ljZjsdf{sf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg ;f] cGtlqm{ofdf
kfy{ If]qL, blnt >lds df]rf{sf /jLGb|axfb'/ ;'gf/, blnt ;]jf ;+3sf dxf;lrj
rqmdfg ljZjsdf{, g]kfn /fli6«o k|hftflGqs pTkLl8t ;+u7gsf cWoIf 9fnaxfb'/
lj=s=, ;dfhzf:qL 8f= s[i0faxfb'/ e§rg, blnt d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o afa'/fd
uhd]/, blnt a'l4LhLjL k|lti7fgsf dxf;lrj 8f= r]taxfb'/ kl/of/, g]kfn blnt hftLo
d'lQm ;dfhsf cWoIf kb\dnfn ljZjsdf{ nufotn] blntx?sf] d'lQmsf ;jfndf cf–cfkm\gf
wf/0ffx? JoQm ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
;~rf/ k|lti7fgsf]
sfo{zfnf
sf7df8f}+÷dfgjclwsf/
;~rf/ k|lti7fgsf] cfof]hgfdf ut zlgaf/ nlntk'/df Pslbg] sfo{zfnf ;DkGg eof] .
ljz]iftM afnaflnsfsf ;DaGwdf ;~rf/sdL{x?nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] p2]Zosf ;fy ;DkGg ;f]
sfo{zfnfdf l;ljgsf uf}/L k|wfg, g]kfn kflIfssf ;Dkfbs tLy{ sf]O/fnf, :jtGq
kqsf/ slkn sfkm\n], sfo{qmd cfof]hssf tkm{af6 zf]ef uf}td, sfo{qmd ;+of]hs
h;'bf k|wfg nufotsfn] …afnaflnsf zflGt If]q x'g\Ú eGg] ljifodf k|sfz kfg'{ePsf]
lyof] .
blnt slj uf]i7L ;DkGg
lrtjg÷k|ultzLn n]vs ;+3 s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf zlgaf/ e/tk'/df Ps a[xb\ blnt slj uf]i7L ;DkGg eof] .
;+3sf cWoIf cfgGbb]j e§sf] cWoIftfdf
;DkGg sfo{qmddf ljleGg lhNnfaf6 ;xefuL @$ hgf k|ltuf]uL blnt slj–sjloqL tyf cGo
( hgf u}/blnt, ck|ltof]uL slj–sjloqLx?n] cf–cfkm\gf sljtf jfrg u/]sf lyP .
;f] k|ltof]lutfdf dsjfgk'/sf slj ljsf;
k|]dL k|yd, wgs'df/L ;'gf/ låtLo, lrtjgsf a'l4 g]kfnL t[tLo eO{ k'/:sf/ tyf
k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]sf lyP eg] cGo ;fg'efO lj=s=, lbnLks'df/ g]kfnL kf/;dl0f
lj=s=, gf/fo0f a/fOnLn] ;fGTjgf k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug'{sf ;fy} ;xefuLx?nfO{
k|f]T;fxg :j?k k|df0fkq k|bfg ul/Psf] lyof] .
;f] cj;/df ;+3sf cWoIf tyf ;efklt
cfgGbb]j e§, ;+3sf lgjt{dfg cWoIf lgg' rfkfufO{+, ;+3sf s]=;= 8f= tf/fsfGt
kf08]o, s]=;= kf]if/fh kf}8]n, lhNnf cWoIf /fdxl/ >]i7, s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ tyf
syfsf/ xl/x/ vgfn, afa'/fd bfxfn, lhNnf ;lrj ;'/]zrGb| clwsf/L, ;flxTosf/
dbgdf]xg hf]zL nufotsf jQmfx?n] blnt sljuf]i7L / k|ultzLn ;flxTosf af/]df
cf–cfkm\gf wf/0ff JoQm u/]sf lyP .
;+3sf
dxf;lrj 3gZofd 9sfnsf] ;~rfngdf ;DkGg k|ltof]lutfTds blnt sljuf]i7L ;Ktu08sL
ax'd'vL SofDk;df ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] hgxft]dfnf] cleofg
uf]/vf÷ut df3 dlxgfsf] !% ut] k'/fgf] ;Qf / g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_aLr o'4lj/fd eO{ jftf{–k|lqmof cufl8 al9/x]s} a]nf hgd'lQm ;]gf g]kfn hL–…PÚ sDkgL hgxft]dfnf] cleofg uf]/vfnL hgtfsf] 3/b}nf]df k'lu/x]sf] 5 . o;}cGtu{t a}zfv #) ut] nfk' uflj;df hg;ef tyf ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmd;lxt Pp6f zxLbu]6, b'O{j6f sf7]k"n, # j6f rkL{ lgdf{0f ug'{sf ;fy} ufp“ ;/;kmfOsf] sfd u/]sf] 5 . To:t} h]7 # ut] 3}?ª uflj;sf] atf;]df zxLb bLks b]jsf]6f -s= ljsNk_ sf] gfddf, gfdh'¨ uflj;df zxLb >Ls[i0f nfld5fg] -s= cljgfz_ sf] gfddf, c>fª uflj;df zxLb g/axfb'/ cfn] -s= uf]kfn_ sf] gfddf, af]nf{ª uflj;df zxLb ;'gLtf >]i7 -s= ddtf_ sf] gfddf zxLbu]6 lgdf{0f ub}{ hg;ef;lxt ;f“:s[lts sfo{qmdx? ;DkGg ePsf 5g\ . oxL qmddf hL– …PÚ sDkgLs} pkl:yltdf af]nf{ª uflj;df e"daxfb'/ /]UdLnfO{ ufp“ hg;/sf/ k|d'v 3f]if0ff ub}{ ufp“ hg;ldlt k'gu{7g ug]{ sfd;d]t u/]sf] ;dfrf/df atfOPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf]
hg;/sf/ u7g, ei6frf/Ln] /sd lkmtf{ u/]
lzv/cfDaf]6]÷o'4lj/fd
3f]if0f kl5 d'n'sd} klxn] k6s g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sfe|]sf] kxndf lhNnfsf]
;b/d'sfdaf6 @@ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9fsf] b'/Ldf /x]sf] lzv/cfDjf]6] uflj;df zlgjf/ ufpF
hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff ePsf] 5 .
æhgtfsf] cfwf/e't ;d:ofnfO{ Wofg lbb}
hgtfsf] k|lt/f]w ;+3{ifnfO{ hf]8 lbpFÆ eGg] gf/fsf ;fy kfFr gDj/ Pl/of OGrfh{
;+hosf] k|d'v cfltYodf ufFp hg;/sf/ 3f]if0ff ;efsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] .
;f] sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Djf]wg ug'{xF'b}
;+hon] ufFp hg;/sf/sf] /Iffy{ cfkm\gf] kf6L{ / hgd'lQm ;]gf af?b ag]/ k|:t't
x'g] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf z'esfdgf dGtJo JoQm ug'{x'b} cg]d;+3
-qmflGtsf/L_ sfe|]sf ;lrj dfgs'df/L tfdfªn] k'/fgf] ;QfnfO{ kmfnL goFf hgjfbL
;Qf :yfkgf ePsf]df v'zL JoQm ub{} dlxnf s;}sf] bf;L ge} ;fdGtL ;dfhnfO{ km]g{
;Sg] zlQm ePsf] bfjL ug'{eof] . clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;3 qmflGtsf/Lsf sfdL l;+
nfdfn] h;sf] hf]t p;sf] kf]t sfod u/fpg cfkm\gf] ;+u7gn] sfo{qmd ;rfng u/]sf]
pNn]v ug'{eof] .
;f] sfo{qmddf g]skf -Pdfn]_sfe|] ^ gDj/
Onfsf ;lrj u0fjxfb'/ nfdfn] z'esfdgf dGtJo /fVg'x'b} dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] ljutdf
uflj;sf hgk|ltlglwx?n] u/]sf] e|i6frf/ /sd p7fO{ a'9fa'9Lsf] eQf ljt/0f
ul/Psf]df wGojfb lbg'x'b}{ ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] /sd c;'n ul/Psf]df ;f] /sd ljsf;
lgdf{0fsf] lzif{sdf g} nufgL ug{ cg'/f]w ug'{eof] .
;f]xL uflj;sf :yfgLo hf]udfg nfdfsf]
;efkltTjdf ePsf] ;f] sfo{qmddf clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf lhNnf ;b:o /flhj nfdf, lgzfg nfdf, ufh; k|d'v ef]nf co{fn nufotsf
jQmfx?n] :yfgLo ;fdGtLx?nfO{ r'gf}tL lbb} cfd'n kl/jt{gsf] kIfdf ;+7g lj:tf/
ug'{sf ;fy} ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] nflu sfd ug{] s'/f pNn]v ug'{eof] .
;f] sfo{qmddf uflj;sf g]kfnL sfu|];sf
g]tf tyf k"j{ pkfWoIf gL/jxfb'/ nfdfn] %^ ;fndf a[4 eQf jfkt cfPsf] (#
xhf/ lxgfldgf u/]sf]df hgd'lQm ;]gfn] lu/km\tf/ u/L ;f]xL sfo{qmddf cz'nL
ug'{sf ;fy} pkl:yt a[4a[4fx?nfO{ hg;/sf/ k|d'v ef]nf cof{nn] ljt/0f
ug'{ePsf] lyof] . o;}u/L g]kfnL
sfu|];sf OsfO{ ;efklt rdf/l;+ nfdfn] vfg]kfgL of]hgfsf] nflu cfPsf] #$ xhf/, %
gDj/ j8fsf j8f cWoIf x:tdfg nfdfn] pk:jf:y rf}sLsf] nflu cfPsf] !! xhf/ @ ;o #*
?k}of /sd klg ;f] cj;/df lkmtf{ ul/Psf] lyof] eg] uflj; cWoIf 6'Ns' nfdfnfO{ @)
dlxgfsf] a[4 eQf / uflj;sf] ljsf; jh]6 lxgfljgf ul/Psf]df ;ft lbg leq ;f] /sd
lkmtf{ ug{ lgb{]zg hf/L u/]sf] 5 . olb ;ft lbg leq lkmtf{ gu/]df p;nfO{
;d'b|sf] lkwaf6 ePklg hg;]gfn] lu/km\tf/ ul/ ;Dklt sJhfug{] r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 .
;f] sfo{qmddf cfly{s lxgfldgf ug{]x? lg/jxfb'/ nfdf, x:tdfg nfdf / rdf/l;+
nfdfn] cfly{s clgoldttf ul/Psf]df cfTdfcfnf]rgf ub{} cfufdL lbgdf o:tf] sfo{
gbf]x¥ofpg] k|ltj4tf hfx]/ ub{} ufpF hg;/sfnfO{ ;kmntfsf] sfdgf lbPsf lyP .
gjlgjf{lrt ufpF hg;/sf/df ;f]n' sf08df
xft u'dfpg k'u]sf lhpFbf] zxLb 3f]if0ff ul/Psf ef]nf cof{n k|d'v, pkk|d'vdf
;l/tf nfdf ;b:ox?df ;'s'dfofF nfdf, jxfb'/ ljs, ab|Lnfn >]i7, ;Gt] nfdf,
s]jz nfdf, /fh' ljs, nfndfg tfdfª, dfO{nf tfdfª, OGb| nfdf / wfjf bf]h{] nfdf
/xg'ePsf] 5 . ;f]xL sfo{qmddf hg;]gfdf elt{ x'g Pln;f / PstfnfO{ cleefjs
hf]udfg nfdfn] l6sf / dfnf nufO{ ljbfO{ u/]sf lyP .
qmflGtsf/Lsf] cfGbf]ngn] ;/sf/nfO{ em'sfof]
sf7df8f}+÷
ljBfnox?n] ln+b} cfPsf] rsf]{ z'Ns / lubf]{ Joj:yfkgsf lj?4df clvn -qmflGtsf/L_
n] ;~rfng u/]sf] ;zQm cfGbf]ngn] ;/sf/nfO{ 3'“8f 6]Sg afWo kf/]sf] 5 . clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_ / ;/sf/sf] z}lIfs ;d:of ;dfwfg jftf{6f]nLaLr ut z'qmaf/ / zlgaf/
ePsf] 5nkmnkZrft\ kf“ra'“b] ;xdlt ePsf] 5 .
cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ / ;/sf/aLr ePsf]
;xdltcg';f/ dfWolds tx;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;/sf/ afWo ePsf] 5 .
nfdf] ;dob]lv clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ n] dfWolds tx;Dd lgMz'Ns lzIffsf] Joj:yf
ul/g'kg]{ dfu /fVb} cfGbf]ng ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . To;}u/L jftf{df
qmflGtsf/Laf6 k]z ePsf ljleGg dfux?df 5nkmn u/L ;sf/fTds lgisif{df k'Ug] ;d]t
;xdlt ePsf] 5 . jftf{df ;/sf/åf/f kqmfp u/L a]kQf kfl/Psf clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf
dxf;lrj k"0f{ kf}8]n nufotsf] l:ylt ;fj{hlgs ug{ kxn ug]{ ;xdlt ;d]t ePsf]
5 .
jftf{df ePsf ;xdltaf/] hfgsf/L u/fpg
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf ;lrj lxdfn zdf{ / dGqfnosf k|jQmf Pjd\ z}lIfs ;d:of ;dfwfg
jftf{6f]nL ;+of]hs njk|;fb lqkf7Låf/f ;+o'Qm k|]; lj1lKt hf/L ul/Psf] 5 .
hgfOPcg';f/ b'a} kIfsf] jftf{df lgDg ;xdlt ePsf] s'/f ;+o'Qm k|]; lj1lKtdf
hgfOPsf] 5–
-!_ ;+:yfut ljBfno cyf{t\ lghL ;|f]tdf
;~rflnt z'Ns lgwf{/0f Pjd\ Joj:yfkg ;'wf/ ;'emfj ;ldltnfO{ @)^) ;fn h]7;Dd
k|ltj]bg k]z ug{ cg'/f]w ug]{ / @)^) cfiff9af6gof“ z'Ns sfof{Gjog ug]{ †
-@_ ;fd'bflos -;/sf/L_ ljBfnodf sIff !
b]lv % ;Dd klg z'Ns lnPsf] eGg] u'gf;f cfPsf] x'“bf t'?Gt s8fOsf ;fy To:tf]
z'Ns lng aGb ug{ nufpg] / lgdflj / dflj txsf] xsdf oyf]lrt Joj:yf geP;Dd z'Ns
glng ljBfnonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] ;xdlt eof] .
-#_ cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ nufotaf6
k]z ePsf dfux?sf ;DaGwdf lgoldt ?kdf 5nkmn u/L ;sf/fTds lgisif{df lgsfNg] ;xdlt
eof] .
-$_ cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ sf dxf;lrj
k"0f{ kf}8]nnufot a]kQf kfl/Psf ljBfyL{x?nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug{ kxn ug]{ .
-%_ cg]/f:jljo' -qmflGtsf/L_ af6
ljBfnodf nufPsf tfnf cfhaf6} ;Dk"0f{ ljBfnodf vf]Ng] ;xdlt eof] .
;/sf/;“u ePsf] ;xdltsf ;DaGwdf hgfb]z;“u
k|ltlqmof lb+b} clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf s]Gb|Lo ;lrj lxdfn zdf{n] ;xdlt cToGt}
;sf/fTds ePsf] atfpg'eof] . pxf“n] ;/sf/n] dfux? k"/f u5{ eGg]df
cfkm"x? cfzfjfbL /x]sf] atfp“b} h]7 dlxgfe/ klg ;xdlt nfu" geP
c;f/b]lv pRr:t/sf] ;+3if{sf] sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff ug{ afWo x'g] atfpg'eof] .
o;}aLr oxL h]7 !! / !@ ut] sf7df8f}+df
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] afudtL–gf/fo0fL If]qLo:t/Lo k|lzIfs k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd
;DkGg eof] . dfcf]jfbL kf]ln6Ao'/f] ;b:o Pjd\ jftf{6f]nL k|jQmf s[i0faxfb'/
dx/fåf/f pb\3fl6t pQm sfo{qmdsf] ;efkltTj afudtL–gf/fo0fL If]qLo ;ldlt ;+of]hs
Pjd\ s]Gb|Lo ;lrj lxdfn zdf{n] ug'{ePsf] lyof] . pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmddf ljBfyL{
g]tfx? b]j]Gb| k/fh'nL, n]vgfy Gof}kfg], s[i0f s]=;L=, lxdfn zdf{ / 1fg]Gb|
lqkf7Ln] k|lzIf0f lbg'ePsf] lyof] . pQm k|lzIf0f sfo{qmdsf] ;dfkgsf] cj;/df
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ åf/f ! dlxg] lk|tuf“; -lk|ts'df/ df]QmfgnfO{ ufp“b]lv zx/;Dd
uf“:g]_ cleofgsf] ;'?jft ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] .
o;}u/L oxL h]7 & / * ut] ;DkGg clvn
-qmflGtsf/L_ sf] sf7df8f}+ lhNnf ;Dd]ngn] bLk]Gb| kGtsf] cWoIftfdf @% ;b:oLo lhNnf
;ldlt lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltdf pkfWoIf ;'/]z uf}td, ;lrj lagf du/, ;x;lrj
k'ik/fh a:g]t / sf]iffWoIf d'gfn v8\sf x'g'x'G5 .
o;}aLr clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ sf cWoIf b]j]Gb| k/fh'nLn] Ps jQmJo
k|sflzt u/L k|x/Ln] lxhf] k|bz{gsf/L ljBfyL{dfly u/]sf] bdgsf] eT;{gf ug'{ePsf]
5 .
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …cfkm\gf dfux?;lxt ;+3if{df plqPsf o'jf ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?sf] zflGtk"0f{ k|bz{gdfly k~rfotL z}nLdf bdg–w/ks8 ul/Psf] 5, zflGtjftf{sf qmddf ePsf ;xdltx? pNn+3g u/L a]Odfg, cljZj;gLo / u}/lhDd]jf/ cleJolQm / Jojxf/x? k|bz{g ug]{ zf;s u'6n] cfh ePsf] k|bz{gdf x:tIf]k u/L g]lj;+3sf cWoIf u