cGtjf{tf{

g]kfnsf] hgqmflGt clxn] /0fg}lts ;+qmd0fsf] P]ltxfl;s k|lqmofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5

b]zsf] /fhgLlts l:yltsf] ljZn]if0f s;/L ul//xg' ePsf] 5 <

– ljz]iftM s'Voft ;'uf}nL ;lGwb]lv g]kfn tyf g]kfnLx? ;fdGtjfb tyf ;fd|fHojfbsf] bf]xf]/f] zf]if0f–pTkL8gsf] hf“tf] d'lg lgd{dtfk"j{s lkl;b}+ cfPsf 5g\ . Psflt/ b]zeQm tyf k|ultsfdL hgtfx?, csf]{lt/ b]zb|f]xL tyf lg/+s'z k|ltufdL tTjx?aLrsf] hLjg–d/0fsf] ;+3if{ ;lbof}+b]lv ljleGg cf/f]x–cj/f]x kf/ ub{} lg/Gt/ tLj| Pjd\ lj:t[t aGb} cfO/x]sf] 5 . lj=;+=@))& ;fnsf] ;]/f]km]/f];DDf cfOk'Ubf j:t'tM g]kfnL ;dfhdf cGtlg{lxt cGt/lj/f]wx?n] qmflGtsf/L ;dfwfgsf] dfu u¥of] . kmntM @))&, @)!&, @)@*, @)#^ / @)$^ ;fnsf pNn]vgLo /fhg}lts kl/36gfx? ToxL qmflGtsf/L P]ltxfl;s cfjZostfsf 7f]; cleJolQm lYfP . t/, qmflGtsf/L Pjd\ ;Ifd g]t[Tjsf] cefjdf tL kl/36gfx?n] qmflGtsf/L km8\sf] dfg{ ;Qm}g lyof] / ;s]g klg . lj=;+=@)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut], g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df Pp6f o:tf] sf]z]9'Ëf ;fljt eof] h'g laGb'df cfP/ …P]ltxfl;s cfjZostfÚ tyf …qmflGtsf/L kxnÚ Jojxf/tM …hgo'4Ú / l;4fGttM …k|r08kyÚsf] dxfg\ km8\sf]sf] ?kdf k|s6 eof] . Tof] laGb'b]lv em08} cf7 jif{sf] cToGt} cNkfjlwdf g} To;n] w/tL–cfsfz ysf{p“b} o'ufGtsf/L pknlAwx?;lxt qmflGtsf/L lg/Gt/tf k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 . t/, Tof] P]ltxfl;s cfjZostf lgZro klg k"0f{tM k"lt{ eO;s]sf] 5}g, To;sf nflu g]kfn / g]kfnL hgtfx?n] lg0ff{os km8\sf]sf nflu gof“ p“rfOaf6 uDeL/ tof/L ug{ h?/L ePsf] 5 . t;y{, g]kfnsf] hgqmflGt clxn] ;f/tM /0fg}lts ;+qmd0fsf] dxfg\ P]ltxfl;s k|lqmofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 / of] cj:yfnfO{ xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{n] æ/0fg}lts ;Gt'ngÆsf] ?kdf JofVof Pjd\ ljZn]if0f ub{} cfO/x]sf] ;j{ljlbQ} 5 . h:tf] ls cWoIf s=k|r08n] xfn} a;]sf] kf]ln6Jo"/f]sf lg0f{ox?sf] ;f/;+IF]kaf/] :ki6 kfb{} eGg' ePsf] 5, ækf]ln6Jo"/f]sf lg0f{ox? /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/L ug{] p2]Zodf cfwfl/t 5 .Æ

/0Fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] :j?kaf/] cem :ki6 kfl/lbg' x'G5 ls <

– klxnf] s'/f, qmflGt / k|ltqmlGt jf ljk/Lt ju{x?aLrsf] åGå cyf{t\ ju{–;+3if{, Psflt/ :jM:km't{ j:t'utM k|lqmof (spontaneous objective process) xf] eg] csf]{lt/ ;r]t cfTdut k|lqmof jf of]hgf (conscious subjective process or plan ) klg xf] . To;}n] pk/f]Qm k|lqmofnfO{ xfdLn] ;fdfGotM b'j} sf]0faf6 a'em\g / cfTd;ft\ ug{ h?/L x'G5 . bf]>f] s'/f, qmflGt tyf k|ltqmflGt jf ju{–;+3if{nfO{ xfdLn] ljho / k/fho, k|ult / ktgsf] cGt/–;DalGwt k|lqmofsf] ?kdf a'em\g / cfTd;ft\ ug{ klg h?/L x'G5 . t]>f] s'/f, bL3{sfnLg jf /0fg}lts b[li6n] ljho / k/fho jf k|ult / ktgsf] clGtd km};nf of] jf Tof] kIfsf] P]ltxfl;s cfjZostf cg'?k jf lj?4sf] p;sf] j:t'ut cjl:ylt (objective position) n] lgwf{/0f ub{5 . pbfx/0ftM ;fdGtjfb tyf ;fd|fHojfbsf] j:t'ut cjl:ylt Oltxf;sf] cfjZostf lj?4 ePsfn] cGttM p;sf] ktg / k/fho cjZoDefjL 5 . 7Ls To;sf] ljk/Lt, >dhLlj ju{x?sf] j:t'utM l:ylt To; cg'?k ePsf]n] pgLx?sf] ljho klg cGttM plQs} cjZoDefjL 5 . lsgeg], dfgj Oltxf; cGo Oltxf;eGbf o; cy{df ljlzi6 / cg'kd 5 ls of] kmut\ j:t'ut k|lqmof dfq xf]Og clkt' ;r]tg k|lqmofsf] cljlR5Gg >[ª\vnf klg ePsf]n] o;n] j:t'utM k|lqmofnfO{ tLj| jf dGb kfg{ ;Qm5 . To;}n] qmflGt tyf Gofosf kIfw/x?n] xd];f cfkm\gf] r]tgf / ;r]tg k|of;åf/f j:t'ut k|lqmofdf lg/Gt/ x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsf v]Nb} cGttM To;nfO{ lg0ff{os ljGb';Dd k'¥ofpg' kb{5 .

xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{ g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_n] k|r08kysf] cfnf]sdf lg/Gt/ x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsfnfO{ ;kmntfk"j{s lgjf{x ub{} cfO/x]sf] ;j{ljlbQ} 5 . hxf“;Dd kf6L{sf] /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] :j?ksf] k|Zg 5– Tof] ToxL x:tIf]ksf/L e"ldsfnfO{ gof“ p“rfOdf p7fpg] r]tgf÷of]hgf;“u cleGg?kdf uf“l;Psf] 5 . /, Tof] x:tIf]k ljBdfg r]tgf÷of]hgfnfO{ gof“ w/ftndf p7fP/ dfq ;Dej x'g ;Qm5 . To;}n], /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] gof“ r]tgf / of]hgfn] lgM;Gb]x k|r08kynfO{ klg gof“ p“rfO k|bfg u/]sf] :jtM :ki6} 5 . /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] cfhsf] gof“ r]tgf / of]hgfnfO{ ljutsf] /0fg}lts /Iffsf] k'/fgf] r]tgf / of]hgf;“u xfdLn] kmut\ ;fdfGo cGt/;Dd dfq ;Lldt ul/g' x'Gg; clkt' ?k / ;f/ b'j} b[li6n] o;df u'0ffTds leGgtf cGtlg{lxt /x]sf] tYonfO{ xfdLn] bx|f];“u cfTd;ft\ ug{ h?/L 5 . o;sf] ;fy} csf{] dxTjk"0f{ s'/f s] klg xf] eg] /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] gof“ of]hgfnfO{ xfdLn] s]jn qmflGtsf/L sf]0faf6 dfq xf]Og clkt' zq'kIfsf] if8\oGqsf/L lbzfaf6 klg a'em\g clgjfo{ x'G5 . s'g} klg o'4, :jo+ / b'ZdgnfO{ ;du|df a'em]/ dfq lhTg ;lsG5 . cfh zq'sf] gof“ /0fg}lts of]hgf Jojxf/tM kf6L{sf] gof“ /0fg}lts of]hgf;“u lgtfGt gof“ p“rfOdf 6s/fO{ /x]sf] tYo lbgsf] 3fdem}+ 5n{Ë 5 . oxf“ ;jfn p7\g ;S5, of] gof“ 6Ss/sf] s"n kl/0ffd stflt/ pGd'v 5 t < lgM;Gb]x, tYox?sf] s"n hf]8–36fpn] s] s'/f csf6\o ?kdf k'li6 ub{5 eg] qmflGt ljholt/ pGd'v 5 / k|ltqmflGt lj36g / ktgsf] lbzflt/ tLj| ultdf cf]/fnf] nflu/x]sf] 5 .

/0fg]}lts ;Gt'ng j:t'tM P]ltxfl;s k|;j kL8fsf] cj:yf xf] / of] cToGt} hl6n Pjd\ si6;fWo k|lqmof klg xf] . t;y{ of] laGb'df Psflt/ cToGt} w}o{ / ;fx;sf] cfjZostf kb{5 eg] csf{]lt/ cToGt} pRr k|sf/sf] ;hutf / ljj]ssf] klg vf“rf] kb{5 . /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] kf6L{sf] gof“ of]hgfn] oxL dd{nfO{ k"0f{ lhDd]jf/Laf]wsf ;fy uDeL/ ?kdf cfTd;ft u/]sf] 5 . qmflGt, ;r]tg b[li6n] lj1fg / snf, ljrf/ / Jojxf/, g]t[Tj / hgtf, ;fWo / ;fwg, ;+3if{ / ?kfGt/0fsf] cys Pjd\ cgj/t k|lqmof ePsf]n] k|r08kyn] g]kfnL hgqmflGtnfO{ /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] gof“ of]hgfdfkm{t\ lgtfGt gof“ p“rfOaf6 To;nfO{ s]lGb|s[t ?kdf d'vl/t ul//x]sf] 5 . o;sf ;fy}, o;n] ljZj qmflGtnfO{ klg gof“ p“rfOaf6 of]ubfg k'¥ofO/x]sf] tYo :ki6} 5 .

/0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts, kmf}hL, cfly{s Pjd\ ;f“:s[lts kIfsf 7f]; nIox?af/] cem :ki6 kfl/lbg' x'G5 ls <

– o;af/] ;L=;L=, kL=aL=, :yfoL ;ldlt / s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf k|:tfj, lg0f{o, jQmJo Pjd\ cGtjf{tf{x? dfkm{t\ kf6L{sf] cflwsfl/s wf/0ffx? ;fj{hlgs x'“b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . o;sf ;fy} kf6L{, hgd'lQm ;]gf / df]rf{x?sf] Jofjxfl/s ultljlwx?af6 klg Tof] s'/f pb\3fl6t eO/x]sf 5g\ .

s'g} klg hgqmflGtsf] j}rfl/s Pjd\ ;f“:s[lts nIo, k'/fgf / ?l9jfbL ljrf/ Pjd\ d"No–dfGotfx?sf] Wj+z / gof“ ljrf/ Pjd\ d"No–dfGotfx?sf] lgdf{0f ug'{ xf] . t/ tL gof“ ljrf/ / d"No÷dfGotfx?sf] lgdf{0f / ljsf;df k|ltufdL /fhg}lts ;Qf d'Vo afws x'g] ePsf]n] hgqmflGtsf] k|fylds Pjd\ k|wfg nIo k'/fgf] /fhg}lts ;Qfsf] Wj+z / gof“ ;Qfsf] lgdf{0f / ljsf; x''g] ub{5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] Wj+z gu/L cfly{s lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ klg u'0ffTds ?kdf cufl8 a9fpg sxL+ st} ;+ej ePsf] 5}g / slxNo} x'g klg ;Qm}g . /fhg}lts ;Qf, ?l9jfbL ljrf/ / d"No÷dfGotfx? / k/hLjL ju{sf] P];–cf/fdsf] d]?b08–;+ul7t ;z:q zlQm–-;]gf÷k|x/L_ ePsf]n] To;sf] lg0f{o Wj+z ljgf /fhg}lts qmflGtn] k"0f{tf k|fKt ug{ ;Qm}g . t;y{, g]kfnL hgqmflGtsf] pk/f]Qm ;Dk"0f{ nIox? ;lxt clxn]sf] k|wfg / k|fylds nIo k'/fgf] ;Qf tyf p;sf ;+ul7t ;z:q zlQmsf] Wj+zdf gof“ hg;Qfsf] :yfkgf ug'{ xf] .

To;}n] Wj+z / lgdf{0fsf] of] bL3{sfnLg k|lqmofdf clxn] ljsf;sf] gof“ P]ltxfl;s r/0fdf u|fdL0f Onfsfx?df gof“ /fhg}lts ;Qfsf] lgdf{0f / ljsf;df hf]8 lb+b} ;b/d'sfd, zx/ / ;'ud If]qx?df j}rfl/s, /fhg}lts, cfly{s Pjd\ ;f“:s[lts ;du| b[li6n] lj36g / Wj+zsf] k|lqmofnfO{ k|fyldstf / k|wfgtf lbOg' kb{5 .

Psflt/, /fhg}lts b[li6n] clxn] d'Vo Pjd\ ;femf zq'nfO{ …PSnf] kfg{Ú j[xt\ ;+o'Qm df]rf{sf] /fli6«o Pjd\ cGt/f{li6«o gLltnfO{ cfkm\gf] :jtGq kxnsbdL sfod /fVb} lqmofTds :t/df dfly p7fpg cToGt} cfjZos aGg uPsf] 5 eg] csf{]lt/ kmf}hL b[li6n]– zq'n] hxf“ 6]S5 ToxL k8\s]/ /0fg}lts 3]/faGbLnfO{ cem ;f“3'/f] kfb{} k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/LnfO{ lg0ff{os laGb';Dd k'¥ofpg' kb{5 .

xfn} cd]l/sfn] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_nfO{ cft+sjfbLsf] klxnf] ;"rLdf btf{ u/]sf] 3f]if0ffn] g]kfnsf] hgqmflGtdf s]–s:tf] k|efj kfnf{ <

– cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfbn] xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{nfO{ cft+sjfbLsf] klxnf] ;"rLdf btf{ u/]sf] 3f]if0ffn] j:t'tM p;sf] s'lT;t OR5f ljk/Lt g]kfnsf] hgqmflGtnfO{ u'0ffTds p“rfO k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . of] 3f]if0ffn] hgqmflGtnfO{ cGt/f{li6«os/0f u/]sf] 5  / ljZj qmflGtnfO{ lj:tf/ / ljsf; ug{df P]ltxfl;s of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 . of] 3f]if0ffn] xfdLnfO{ cft+lst xf]Og clkt' uf}/j ug{ pTk|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . o;n] xfd|f] kf6L{sf] j}rfl/s :ki6tf, /fhg}lts tLI0ftf / cbDo ;fx;nfO{ lglj{jfb ?kdf k|blZ{ft u/]sf] 5 .

o;sf] ;fy} k|r08kysf] ah|k|xf/af6 cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfb g/fd|f];“u ltlNdnfPsf] dfq} xf]Og, s'Voft b/af/ xTofsf08sf] d"n vngfos ePsf] tYo klg a8f] ;'Gb/ / ;l6s 9+un] of] 3f]if0ffaf6 pb\3fl6t ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfb cGttM sfuhL af3 xf] . cfh ljZjel/sf c/af}+ hgtfsf Xbox? of] sfuhL af3nfO{ v/fgL kfg{ Hjfnf ag]/ blGs/x]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfb cfkm\gf] ljgf;sf] clGtd ljGb'lt/ af}nfp“b} a8f] xf“:of:kb 9+uaf6 bf}l8/x]sf] 5 .

lgZro klg, cd]l/sL kmf;LjfbL af}nfxfsf] ax'n6\\7Lk"0f{ 3f]if0ffaf6 g]kfn nufot ljZjel/sf bf]unfx? -gk'+;sx?_ hf] dlxnf jf k'?ifsf] e]if wf/0f u/]/ hgtfnfO{ e]8f agfpgdf tNnLg lyP, g/fd|/L gfË]emf/ ePsf 5g\, of] …lgj{:qLs/0fÚn] klg g]kfnsf] hgqmflGtnfO{ ;lGgs6 Nofpg clj:d/0fLo e"ldsf v]n]sf] s'/fdf s'g} låljwf x'g'x'Gg .

cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfbn] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_nfO{ p;sf] /fli6«o lxtsf] lglDt eo+s/ vt/f ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5, s] ;f“Rr} To;} xf] t <

– xf], xfdL lj1fg / ljj]sdf cf:yf / ljZjf; /fVb5f}+ . To; b[li6n] xfdL cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfbsf] lglDt eo+s/ vt/f aGb} uPsf 5f}+ . xf], xfdL Gofo / k|ultsf b[9 kIFWf/ xf}+, To; b[li6n] xfdL cd]l/sL hgtfsf] /fli6«o lxtx?k|lt cToGt} ;r]t Pjd\ ;xof]uL klg 5f}+ . xfdL s] s'/fdf ljZj:t 5f}+ eg] cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfbsf] lgd{dtfk"j{s ;+o'Qm k|lt/f]w u/]/ dfq} g]kfn / cd]l/sL hgtfx?sf] /fli6«o lxtx?sf] ;d'lrt Pjd\ jf:tljs ;+/If0f / ljsf; ;+ej x'g ;Qm5 . cd]l/sL / g]kfnsf /fi6«3ftLx?n] u'x' / uf]a/nfO{ ld;fP/ h'g lbUe|d k}bf ug{] ul//x]sf 5g\; To;af6 bf]unfx? g} k|efljt x'g ;Qm5g\ . Oltxf; ;fIfL 5– ;f]leot / hd{g hgtfx?sf] ;+o'Qm k|lt/f]waf6 hd{gLaf6 lx6n/sf] kmf;Ljfb Wj:t eof], leotgfd / cd]l/sL hgtfx?sf] c6"6 Pstfaf6 cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb leotgfdaf6 Wj:t eof] . @! cf}+ ztfAbLdf g]kfn / cd]l/sfaf6 klg …/fli6«o lxtÚsf] cfj/0fdf n's]sf kmf;LjfbLx?sf] klg lglZrt ?kdf ToxL kl/0flt x'g]5 .

To;}n], cfh g]kfndf dfq} xf]Og cGt/f{li6«o ;Gbe{df ;d]t cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfbsf lj?4 j:t'tM a[xt\ ;+o'Qm df]rf{n] qmdzM lqmofTds cfsf/ u|x0f ub{} uO/x]sf] 5 . xfdL of] ;xL gLltk|lt k"0f{tM k|lta4 5f}+ .

ut kL=jL=sf] a}7skZrft\ kmf}hL sf/jfxLx?df a[l4 ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . kL=jL=sf] lg0f{o / o;sf] sfof{Gjogdf slQsf] tfbfTDotf kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

– lgZro klg /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] gof“ kmf}hL sfo{lbzf cg';f/ kmf}hL sf/jfxLx?df pNn]vgLo a[l4 ePsf tYonfO{ :ki6} cg'ej ug{ ;lsG5 . b'Zdg cfkm\gf] /0fg}lts Onfsfx?df c;'/lIft aGb} uPsf] 5 . clxn] xfdL kmf}hL of]hgfsf] klxnf] r/0fdf 5f}+, qmdzM o;sf] cem lj:tf/ / a[l4 x'g' cjZoDefjL 5 .

xfd|f] kf6L{ Pp6f cg'zfl;t Pjd\ qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ xf] . kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjdf hg;Qf tyf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] Jofjxfl/s lqmofsnfkx? lgb{]lzt Pjd\ lgolGqt x'g] ub{5g\ . k|r08kysf] j}rfl/s cfnf]sdf ;Qf / ;Dk"0f{ kmf}hL ultljlwx? ;~rflnt eO/x]sf 5g\ . ;Qf / aGb'sn] xf]Og clkt' gof“ ljrf/åf/f xfdLn] gof“ ;Qf / gof“ aGb"s lgdf{0f ul//x]sf 5f}+ .

em08} cf7 jif{sf] Oltxf;n] xfd|f] of] j}1flgs k|lta4tfnfO{ csf6\o ?kdf k|dfl0ft ub{5g\ . o; b[li6n] ut kL=aL=sf] lg0f{o / To;sf] sfof{Gjogdf cfwf/e"t ?kdf :ki6 tfbfTDo b]Vg ;lsG5 .

kf6L{ lg0f{osf] l:kl/6 / To;sf] sfof{Gjogdf c+ztM c;+ultx? b]vfkg'{ lgtfGt :jfefljs k|lqmof dfGg' kb{5 . ljsf;sf] ;fdfGo lgod cg';f/ x/]s ;+ultx?;“u lj;+ultx? klg clgjf{otM uf“l;Psf] x'G5 . k|To]s hLtdf xf/sf] e|"0f klg x'G5 . hLjg;“u} d[To' klg x'G5 . t/ d'Vo k|Zg– oL b'O{ ljk/Lt kIfx?df s'g kIf xfjL /x\of] eGg] g} xf] . d"n kIfn] g} Tof] j:t'sf] d"n k|j[lQ / rl/qsf] lgwf{/0f ub{5 .  o; b[li6n] xfdLn] xfd|f lj;+ultx?sf lj?4 cfkm\gf] 6fpsf]df cfkm}+ cfuf] nufpg] gLltnfO{ lg/Gt/ cjnDag ub{} cfPsf 5f}+ / To;nfO{ cGt;Dd lg/Gt/tf lbg]5f}+ .

k'/fgf] ;QfkIfn] jftf{ e¨ ePotf pNn]vgLo ;kmntf kfO/x]sf] hf]8bf/ bfjL ul//x]sf] 5 . pgLx?sf] k|rf/ / jf:tljstf slt km/s 5 <

– em"6sf] v]tL ug'{ / xfjfdf d'Ssf xfGg' k|ltlqmofjfbLx?sf] rfl/lqs df}lnstf xf] . o; b[li6n] pgLx?n] k"0f{ cf:yf;lxt cfkm\gf] wd{sf] kfng ul//x]sf 5g\ . pgLx? tYonfO{ xf]Og em"6nfO{ k|df0f 7fGb5g\ . pgLx? uf]ojN;k|lt k"0f{ lgi7f efjsf ;fy ;ky u|x0f ub{5g\– …h] aSg]5', em"6 aSg]5', em"6sf] cltl/Qm em"7 g} aSg]5' .Ú

tYo s] xf] eg], jftf{ e¨ eP otf k'/fgf] ;Qfdf emg\ tLj| lj36g eO/x]sf] 5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] lj36gsf] y'k|f]df pleP/ a8f] kfv08k"0f{ 9+uaf6 Unified command sf] lrTsf/ ul//x]sf] 5 . of] jf:tjdf p;sf] d/0ff;Gg 56k6L afx]s s]xL xf]Og .

jf:tljstf s] klg xf] eg], k'/fgf] ;Qfn] cfkm\gf] /0fg}lts df]rf{nfO{ v'DRofp“b} nu]sf] 5 / cd]l/sf–lgld{t a+s/df cfkm\gf] cGtsf] pN6f] uGtL ;'? ul//x]sf] 5 . xfdL zq'nfO{ p;}sf] a+s/df s}b ug{] jf a+s/af6 lgsfn]/ ;vfk kfg{] gof“ kmf}hL /0fgLlt cGtu{t ;kmntfk"j{s cl3 al9/x]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Ls[t sdf08df hgd'lQm ;]gf / gof“ hg;Qfx?n] P]ltxfl;s p“rfO k|fKt ul//x]sf] tYo lbgsf] 3fdem}+ 5n{¨ 5}g / <

o;} ;Gbe{df ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf pknlAw / Ifltaf/] ;+lIfKtdf atfOlbg' x'GYof] ls <

– kf6L{sf] ;+u7gfTds Jo'x /rgfcGtu{t ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdfg kb{5 . zq'sf] ;fdl/s s]Gb|Ls/0f, ;fdflhs ju{ Pjd\ ljsf;sf] l:ylt / ef}uf]lns cjl:yltnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ of] ljz]if sdf08 v8f ul/Psf] xf] . :ki6tM of] sdfgsf] bfloTj cGo sdf08x?sf] t'ngfdf ljlzi6 x'g' :jfefljs} xf] . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] /fhwfgL o;sf] k|xf/sf] s]Gb|laGb' xf] . @! cf}+ ztfAbLsf] ;fdfGo ljz]iftf / g]kfnsf] ljlzi6 P]ltxfl;s k[i7e"lddf g]kfnsf] hgqmflGtdf u|fdL0f Onfsf tyf zx/x? d'VotM /fhwfgLsf kmf}hL Pjd\ /fhg}lts sf/jfxLx?nfO{ PsLs[t ?kdf ljsf; ug{ ;+ej / cfjZos b'j} ePsf]n] kf6L{n] k|f/Deb]lv g} PsLs[t sf/jfxLx?nfO{ ljsf; ub{} cfO/x]sf] 5 . lgZro klg zq'sf] ;a}eGbf dha't lsNnfdf qmflGtsf/L ultljlwx?nfO{ ;~rfng / lgGt/tf lbg] sfo{ cToGt} r'gf}tLk"0f{ ;fy} uf}/jk"0f{ klg x'G5 . o; sdfgcGtu{t sfo{/t xfd|f xhf/f}+ jL/–lj/f¨gfx? j:t'tM cfTd3ftL b:tfsf] ?kdf lqmofzLn /x“b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . o; qmddf s=s[i0f ;]g nufot bh{gf}+ xf]gfxf/ ;k"t–;'k'qLx?n] jL/tfk"0f{ zxfbt k|fKt u/]sf 5g\, ;of}+n] zq'sf] oftgf lzlj/df cfkm\gf] k|lt/f]]w o'4nfO{ hf/L /fv]sf 5g\ . l;¨f] qmflGtsf] ljsf;;“u} o; sdf08n] klg cGo sdf08x?;“u tfnd]n ub{} cl3 al9/x]sf] 5 . Tof] rfx] o'4lj/fdsf] cj:yf xf];\ of o'4sf] bf}/fgdf, o;n] sfo{g}lts k|xf/x?nfO{ /0fg}lts nIolt/ s]lGb|t ub{]} nlu/x]sf] k|i6} cg'ej ug{ ;lsG5 . cfh of] sdf08nfO{ /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/Lsf nflu P]ltxfl;s gof“ cj;/ k|fKt x'g'sf ;fy} uDeL/ bfloTj klg ylkPsf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ k"0f{ ljZjf;  5– of] P]ltxfl;s cj;/sf] ;d'lrt nfe p7fp“b} ljz]if s]Gb|Lo sdf08n] cfkm\gf] bfloTjnfO{ ;kmntfk"j{s lgjf{x ug{]5 . cfh zq' cfkm\gf] ;a}eGbf dha"t lsNnfleq cToGt eou|:t cj:yfdf 56\k6L /x]sf] 5 . ;of}+k6s p;n] xfd|f] ;kmfof u/]sf] 3f]if0ff ub{5, xfdL xhf/f}+k6s p;dfly k|f0f3fts k|xf/ ub{5f}+ . eJo b/af/ cfh j:t'tM h]ndf kl/0ft x'“b} uO/x]sf 5g\, xfdL h]nleq klg zq'nfO{ r}g;“u lgbfpg lbg]5}gf}+ . lgM;Gb]x zq'sf] k"0f{ lj36g gx'“bf;Dd of] k|lqmof hf/L /xg]5 .

;fdGtL k|ltudgsf lj?4 cGo /fhg}lts kf6L{x?;“u Pstf / tfnd]n ug{] lg0f{o ug'{ ePsf] b]lvof] . pgLx?;“u s'g} ;+jfb

ePsf] 5 < ePsf] eP s]–s:tf] k|ltlqmof kfpg' ePsf] 5 <

– clxn] d'VotM cd]l/sL kmf;Ljfbåf/f lgb{]lzt Pjd\ ;+/lIft lg/+s'z ;fdGtL ;Qf g} ;a}sf] ;femf zq' aGg uPsf]n] To;sf lj?4 ;r]t Pjd\ ;+ul7t Pstfsf] lglDt dha"t j:t'ut cfwf/ ljBdfg 5 . ;femf zq'sf lj?4 w]/–yf]/ rf/}lt/af6 k|xf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . o; b[li6n] Pstf / tfnd]n :jtM aGb} / a9\b} uO/x]sf] klg 5 . t/ o; k|sf/sf] :j:km"t{ k|xf/sf] kl/0ffd ;b}j clglZrt / clgl0f{t x'g] ePsf]n] ;a} kf6L{x?n] ;+o'Qm Pjd\ of]hgfa4 ?kdf 7f]; kxn ug'{kb{5 . o;k|sf/sf] kxnnfO{ s]jn /fli6«o ;Ldfleq ;Lldt gu/]/ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 cGt/f{li6«o :t/;Dd klg lj:tf/ ug'{kb{5 . o;/L dfq} ;fy{s kl/0ffd k|fKt ug{ ;lsg]5 . o; ;Gbe{df b'j} :t/df xfd|f] kxn eO/x]sf] 5 / To;sf] ljsf; ;sf/fTds lbzflt/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

k'/fgf] ;Qf;“usf] jftf{df tkfO{ klg ;xefuL x'g'x'GYof] . To; k|lqmofdf s]–s:tf] cg'e"lt /x\of] <

– kmf]x/nfO{ 6f9faf6 kmut\ cjnf]sg ug'{ / glhs} uP/ To;nfO{ xftn] ;f]xg'{df h]–hlt cGt/ / c;xhtf x'G5 sl/j sl/j To:t} cg'e"lt /x\of] . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] cfGtl/s cGtlj{/f]w / lj36gsf] k|lqmof To;sf] cf8Da/ / kfv08nfO{ 7f];?kdf cg'ej ug{] cj;/ k|fKt eof] . o;sf ;fy}, dWodju{sf] å}w rl/q / :jod\ cfkm\gf sdL–sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ klg gof“ ;Gbe{ / df]rf{df cWoog / cg'e"lt ug{] df}sf kfOof] . d'VotM o; k|lqmofdf kf6L{sf] ljrf/, gLlt / g]t[Tj gof“ p“rfOdf p7\of] / g]kfnsf] hgqmflGt cem Ps sbd cl3 a9\of] .

;du| jftf{ k|lqmofsf] d"Nof+sg oxf“n] s;/L ug'{ ePsf] 5  <

– jftf{;DaGwL kf6L{sf] gLlt cToGt} ;fGble{s / ;xL ePsf] k'li6 To;a]nf / To;kl5sf c;+Vo tYox?n] k'li6 ul//x]sf 5g\ . s''g} klg df]rf{÷jftf{df qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] nIo hgtf / /fi6«sf] cfwf/e"t lxtx?nfO{ :yflkt Pjd\ lj:tf/ ug{] x'g] ub{5 . Oltxf;df Tof] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ d'VotM b'O{j6f :yflkt k|lqmof k|of]u x'“b} cfPsf] 5– klxnf], ;z:q / bf]>f] –lgM;z:q jf zflGtk"0f{ k|lqmof . Oltxf;n] Pp6f ljlzi6 If0fdf b'O{dWo] s'g} Pp6f k|lqmofnfO{ d'Vo cj;/sf] ?kdf cufl8 ;fb{5, /fi6« tyf hgtfk|lt uDeL/ lhDd]jf/Laf]w ug{] ;a} qmflGtsf/Lx?n] ;b}j Oltxf;n] k|bfg u/]sf] Tof] d'Vo cj;/nfO{ ;b}j ;b'kof]u ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{n] hgo'4k"j{ xf];\ jf To;kl5 xf];\ Oltxf;sf] Pp6f sfnv08df zflGtk"0f{ ljlwnfO{ d'Vo ;fwgsf] ?kdf k|of]u ug{ slxNo} ;ª\sf]r u/]sf] 5}g . P]ltxfl;s k|lqmofdf o; k|sf/sf cj;/x? af/–af/ cfpg ;Qm5g\ . Oltxf;n] of] of Tof] If0fdf cl3 ;f/]sf] d'Vo ljlwnfO{ bx|f];“u kqm]/ dfq} hgtf tyf /fi6«sf jf:tljs lxtx?nfO{ ;'b[9 Pjd\ lj:tf/ ug{ ;lsG5 . o; b[li6n] x]bf{ b'j} k|lqmofnfO{ xfd|f] uf}/jzfnL kf6L{n] ;kmn Pjd\ ;d'lrt k|of]u ub{} cfPsf] tYo ;j{ljlbQ} 5 . xfd|f] ;kmntfsf] d'Vo s8L xfd|f] ljrf/sf] j}1flgstf tyf j:t'k/stfdf cGtlg{lxt 5 / xfd|f] ljrf/sf] j}1flgstf / j:t'k/stf Oltxf;n] cl3 ;f/]sf] d'Vo ljlwsf] rog / To;sf] Jojxf/s'zn k|of]udf cfwfl/t 5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3nufotsf ;+3–;+:yf / sltko cGo zlQmx?n] klg jftf{ u/fpg kxn ul//x]sf] ;'lgPsf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltsf nflu tkfO{+x? tof/ x'g'x'G5 < jftf{sf nflu s'g} tfTsflns ;+efjgf oxf“n] b]Vg' ePsf] 5 ls <

– g]]kfnL hgtf tyf /fi6«sf] cfwf/e"t clwsf/x?nfO{ :yflkt ug{] p2]Zoåf/f clek|]l/t s'g} klg ;+3–;+:yf, zlQm / JolQmTjx?sf] kxnsbdLnfO{ xfdL ;b}j xflb{s :jfut ug{ tTk/ 5f}+ t/ o;sf] ;fy} xfdL /fi6« / hgtfsf df}lns lxtx?sf lj?4 ul/g] h'g;'s} if8\oGq Pjd\ kxnk|lt cToGt} ;ts{ Pjd\ ;r]t klg 5f}+ .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;++3 nufotsf cGo :yflkt /fli6«o Pjd\ cGt/f{li6«o ;+:yf Pjd\ zlQmx?n] cfkm\gf] ul/df / cf}lrTonfO{ sfod /fVg ax';+Vos hgtfsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf] g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_sf] Gofo;+ut cfjfhnfO{ ;'Gg} kb{5 . k'/fgf] ;Qfn] j:t'tM hgtf tyf /fi6«sf] dfGotf (lagitemacy) u'dfO;s]sf] / gof“ ;Qfn] jf:tljs dfGotf k|fKt u/]sf] l:yltdf cGt/f{li6«o hutn] cfkm\gf] P]ltxfl;s bfloTj / kxnnfO{ uDeL/ ?kdf lng' cToGt} cfjZos ePsf] 5 . of] P]ltxfl;s ;+qmd0f d'VotM zflGtk"0f{ 9+uaf6 xf];\ eGg] xfdL rfxG5f}+, t/ tTsfn o;sf] s'g} ;+efjgf geP klg ;s];Dd zNolqmof lagf g} of] k|;j kL8fsf] cGt xf];\ eGg] s'/fdf xfdL ;a} uDeL/ Pjd\ ;+j]bgzLn aGg} kb{5 .

k'/fgf] ;Qfn] r'gfj u/fpg] s'/f  ul//x]sf] u/]sf] 5 . r'gfj ePdf oxf“x?n] o;nfO{ s;/L ;fdgf ug'{ x'g]5 <

– k'/fgf] ;Qf tLj| lj36gsf] k|lqmofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] l:yltdf tTsfn r'gfjsf] s'g} ;Defjgf g} 5}g . r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff kmut zfxL cd]l/sL kmf}HfL tfgfzfxLnfO{ 5f]Kg] slyt k|hftGqsf] kf/bzL{ n+uf}6L dfq xf] . syd\sbflrt, zfxL Jof/]sdf r'gfjsf] gf}6+sL d~rg ul/of] eg] lglZrt ?kdf xfdL r'gfjnfO{ kmf;LjfbL tyf To;sf dltof/x?sf] lrxfgdf kl/0ft ul/lbg]5f}+ .

k|=d=;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] cfkm\gf] /0fg}lts nIo Pjd\ sfo{qmd cGt{ut g]=s=kf=-dfcf]jfbL_nfO{ lgMz:q kfg]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . o;af/] kf6L{sf] wf/0ff s] /x]sf] 5 <

– k|=d=;"o{axfb'/ yfkf cd]l/sL tyf b/afl/of kmf;LjfbLx?sf cufl8 :jod\ lgMz:q / lg/{ys aGb} uPsf 5g\ . ;+ejtM lgs6 eljiodf g} pgL lgisf;g jf lgjf{;gsf] ofqfdf x'g]5g\ jf ;+ej 5– l5§} g} csf{] sf]tkj{sf] d~rg x'g]5 . 36gfqmd h'g /ºtf/ / lbzflt/ pBt\ eO/x]sf] 5, To;n] pk/f]Qm kl/0ffdx?lt/ g} ;ª\s]t ub{5 . xfn} 3f]lift gof“ /0fgLlt ;f/tM j'zn] cfb]z u/]sf], Kof/fh+un] n]v]sf] / ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfn] kmut k9]sf] dfq xf] . ;"o{ axfb'/ yfkf clxn] j:t'tM e'Q] / eses] hLjdf kl/0ft eO;s]sf 5g\ . kmf;LjfbLx?n] sfd gnfUg] ef“8f]nfO{ xd]zf 7f“8f] agfp“b} cfPsf 5g\, ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] lgolt Tof] eGbf leGg sbflk x'g} ;Qm}g . k~rfotL sfnsf] s6' cg'ejnfO{ lj;{]/ pgn] o;k6s clGtd e"n u/]sf 5g\ .

;"rgf, ;+rf/ tyf k|rf/af/] klg ut kL=jL=sf] a}7sn] s]xL dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{ox? u/]sf] kfOof] . o;af/] ;ª\If]kdf k|i6 kf/L lbg' x'GYof] ls <

– ;fdflhs qmflGt÷k|ltqmflGt kmut j:t'sf] 6Ss/ dfq xf]Og clkt' åGå/t kIfx?sf] dgf]jn -;fx; / ljj]s_sf] eLif0f 3ft÷k|lt3ft klg xf] . ;+3if{sf ;Dk"0f{ kIfx?sf] ;d'lrt ;dfof]hgåf/f g} ;fdflhs qmflGtnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg ;lsG5 . To;}n] ;Dk"0f{ o'4 -total war_ sf] a[xt\ /0fgLltcGt{ut k|rf/ o'4n] cToGt} dxTjk"0f{ :yfg /fVb5 . emg\ @! cf}+ ztfAbLdf To;sf] dxTj u'0ffTds ?kn] a9\g uPsf] :jtM :ki6} 5 .

g]kfnsf] hgqmflGt /0fg}lts ;Gt'ngsf] cj:yfjf6 u'lh|/x]sf] ;fk]Iftfdf k|rf/ o'4nfO{ klg ToxL :t/ / cfofddf p7fpg clgjfo{ x'G5 . xfd|f] k|rf/o'4 /fi6« Pjd\ hgtfsf] lxtsf lglDt tYo Pjd\ Gofodf cfwfl/t x'g' kb{5 . o; cfwf/df 6]s]/ dfq} xfdLn] k|rf/ o'4åf/f hgtfsf] dgf]andf phf{ yKg] / zq'sf] dgf]annfO{ lg:t]h kfg{ ;Qm5f}+ . Tof] p2]Zo k"lt{sf nflu xfdLn] ;+ej ;a} ;fwg Pjd\ k|ljlwx?sf] ;dfof]hg Pjd\ kl/rfng ug'{{ kb{5 . lgDg jf pRRf k|ljlw÷;fwgdf dfq ;Lldt /xg] Psf+uL k|j[lQx?sf] lj?4 ;+3if{ ub{} To;sf] åGåfTds k|of]udf Jojxf/ s'zn aGg} kb{5 . /]l8of], lel8of], Sof;]6, >Jo÷b[Zo, krf{ ÷kf]i6/, kq–klqsf -5fkf,OG6/g]6_, k|ToIf hg;Dks{ cleofgx? cflb ?kx?nfO{ >[hgfTds 9+uaf6 gof“ cfjZostf cg'?k ljsf; ug{ h?/L ePsf] 5 . k|To]s j:t' jf 36gfnfO{ qmflGtsf/L k|rf/ ;fwgsf] ?kdf abn]/ j:t'hut\df gsf/fTds jf ;sf/fTds x:tIf]k ug{ ;lsG5 . /0fg}lts k|Tofqmd0fsf] tof/LnFO{ ;kmntfk"j{s ;DkGg ug{ qmflGtsf/L k|rf/ o'4nfO{ cGt/f{li6«os/0f ug{ ckl/xfo{ x'G5, o; ;Gbe{df k|rf/ ;+oGqx?nfO{ klg gof“ :t/df p7fpg / :yflkt ug{ cToGt h?/L ePsf] 5 .

cGtdf, hgfb]zdfkm{t\ c? yk s]xL eGg' 5 ls <

– hgfb]zn] g]kfnL hgqmflGtdf lgjf{x ul//x]sf] cu|0fL e"ldsfnfO{ o;n] pQ/f]Q/ cem Jofks / tLI0f agfp“b} nuf];\, ;kmntfsf] z'esfdgf . wGojfb .

 

d'Vok[i7  ..  d'Vo;dfrf/  .. cGo ;drf/ .. ;DkfbsLo  ..  cGtjf{tf{  ..  ljrf/hut\  ..  n]vx?  ..  sljtfuLt  ..  kf7s–k|ltlqmof  ..  a]nfavtsf s'/f  ..  zxLb ufyf .. k'/fgf c+sx? .. ;Dks{ M janadesh@hotmail.com